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The impact of fake news
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Earlier this year, we studied how the Constitution was formed and the interests it sought to protect. The founders identified “tyranny of the majority” as an inherent danger of a “majority rule” democracy. Through a separation of power into three branches, the Constitution attempted to assure that an imperfect majority that ignored the needs of a minority and exercised poor judgment, would not be able to hijack the government. Democracy partially relies on people being well informed, when people blindly listen to misinformation a democracy will not succeed. This New York Times article involved a man who drove six hours form North Carolina to stop an alleged sex-slave child-abuse ring run by Hillary Clinton out of a Washington D.C. pizzeria,
“Pizza-gate”. The individual fired shots from his riffle in the pizzeria based on fake news stories on the internet. Despite the many reputable news sources that debunked Pizzagate as fake, the popularity of the false story persisted and grew. The article states: “Debunking false news articles can sometimes stoke the outrage of the believers, leading fake news purveyors to feed that appetite with more misinformation.” Do you think the public’s receptivity to “fake news” is one type of “tyranny of the majority” (a public that eagerly consumes mis-information) that the Constitution tried to guard against? Assuming an increased reception to “fake news”, how do you think the Constitution can succeed in its mission? Does our internet dependence increase or decrease the likelihood of media illiteracy? Should schools teach “internet literacy?”
You may be thinking how did the constitution stop tyranny? Well we have the answer. Let's start of with what tyranny means, that a leader or king abuses their power. How did the constitution guard against tyranny? Well they abuse their power bad deeds. The constitution guard against tyranny in these four ways. Federalism, separation of power, checks and balances, and small states vs. large states.
In the Summer of 1787, fifty-five delegates representing 12 out of the 13 states in Philadelphia to fix the Articles of Confederation. They met in philadelphia because the Articles of Confederation was too weak. Shay’s rebellion was the end of the Articles of Confederation bringing down the whole network calling for a change of government. They did this to prevent a tyrant or tyranny. A tyrant/tyranny is when someone or a group abuses their power. The Constitution guarded against tyranny through Federalism, Separation of powers, Checks and Balances, and The Great Compromise.
During and after the turmoil of the American Revolution, the people of America, both the rich and the poor, the powerful and the meek, strove to create a new system of government that would guide them during their unsure beginning. This first structure was called the Articles of Confederation, but it was ineffective, restricted, and weak. It was decided to create a new structure to guide the country. However, before a new constitution could be agreed upon, many aspects of life in America would have to be considered. The foremost apprehensions many Americans had concerning this new federal system included fear of the government limiting or endangering their inalienable rights, concern that the government’s power would be unbalanced, both within its branches and in comparison to the public, and trepidation that the voice of the people would not be heard within the government.
Lani Guinier, in her essay titled “Tyranny of the Majority” (1944), justifies her political ideas and explains that as a result of these ideas, she has explored decisionmaking rules that prevent The Majority from “exercise[ing] power unfairly or tyrannically.” She supports her justification by incorporating childlike anecdotal stories, quoting loved American patriots, and creating conceptual analogies. Guinier’s purpose is to convince her opponents, as well as Americans with moderate political orientations, that her views and ideas aren’t too radical, in order to convince them that in order to make America a “true democracy,” they must consider her methods and strategies for desegregating The Majority. She adopts a patriotic, idealistic tone
The men who wrote the American constitution agreed with Thomas Hobbes that humans were naturally evil. Therefore, they agreed that in order to prevent a dictatorship or monarchy, the citizens should have influence in the government. The writers wanted a more ideal constitution, but they realized evil human motives would never change. One of the main goals of the constitution was to create a balanced government that would allow the citizens to prevent each other from being corrupt. The writers wanted to give citizens liberty, but they did not want to give people so much liberty that they would have an uncontrollable amount of power. The writers agreed that a citizen’s influence in government would be proportionate to that individual’s property.
The establishment of colonies in America took place within distinct circumstances. Some colonies were founded for the purpose of political and religious havens and pursuit of individual freedom and happiness. People came to the New World expecting a place where the rules in the Old World, such as hereditary aristocracies and dominance of church and state, would not apply. Other colonies such as the Carolinas, and Pennsylvania were established by either proprietors, or individuals who had an ideal for a place that could embrace everyone with his/her own will. With people who sought liberty in believes and equality in rights and founders of colonies who were not under direct rule or servitude to the Kings and Queens in Europe, the English colonies
The United States' Constitution is one the most heralded documents in our nation's history. It is also the most copied Constitution in the world. Many nations have taken the ideals and values from our Constitution and instilled them in their own. It is amazing to think that after 200 years, it still holds relevance to our nation's politics and procedures. However, regardless of how important this document is to our government, the operation remains time consuming and ineffective. The U.S. Constitution established an inefficient system that encourages careful deliberation between government factions representing different and sometimes competing interests.
Absolute monarchy (Absolutism), it is a form of monarchy in which a single ruler has supreme authority and it is not restricted by any written laws or customs. An example of absolutism monarchy is French King Louis XIV, Russian Tsar Peter the Great, or English King Henry VIII. Democracy is a system of government by elected representatives or officials. Example of democracy is the United States. These type of government exist in the 17th and 18th century in Europe. So the question is, which type of government was considered the most effective in Europe? In my opinion, I believe that absolutism was the most effective in Europe.
This culture is a result of powerful leaders like Dr. King Jr., who fought against the majority with integrity. Leaders like Dr. King were able to break free of the social pressure that plagued the nation in Tocqueville’s time. Dr. King demanded equality and respect for the minority’s liberty to exercise their rights free of fear of retribution, turning a tyrannical majority into a majority that leads to a flourishing democracy.
Upon the opening words of the Constitution, "We the People do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America," one must ask, who are these people? While the American Constitution provided its citizens with individual rights, many members were excluded. Elite framers manipulated the idea of a constitution in order to protect their economic interests and the interests of their fellow white land and slave owning men' by restricting the voices of women, slaves, indentured servants and others. Therefore, the Constitution cannot truly be considered a "democratic document." However, because it is a live document, malleable and controllably changeable according to the interest of congress, it has enabled us to make reforms overtime. Such reforms that have greatly impacted America, making us the free, independent nation that we are today.
The Founders built certain protections for individual rights into this country's founding documents. The United States Constitution was one such document. In particular, such protections guard Americans who hold minority viewpoints from those who side with the majority. For example, the First Amendment protects the right of free speech to ensure that people who hold unpopular views have just as much freedom to express those views as do people who tend to agree with the majority. The United States Constitution, therefore, was intended to protect the individual rights of Americans from a tyrannical government and majority. However, today, the Electoral College does not represent the vibrant democracy into which the United States has grown.
The political culture that defines American politics shows that despite this compromise, America is still very much a democratic society. The very history of the country, a major contributor to the evolution of its political culture, shows a legacy of democracy that reaches from the Declaration of Independence through over two hundred years to today’s society. The formation of the country as a reaction to the tyrannical rule of a monarchy marks the first unique feature of America’s democratic political culture. It was this reactionary mindset that greatly affected many of the decisions over how to set up the new governmental system. A fear of simply creating a new, but just as tyrannic... ...
If a separation of powers was ever needed in our country, it was at a time when the peoples’ greatest fear was another all-powerful Parliament or tyrannical king. The Separation of Powers were needed most when the country was new and the Articles of Confederation were failing. Just after the Revolutionary War, but before Madison had taken presidency, the people feared another monarchy. To them, it was highly possible that if Washington — their very first president, and the commander who had lead them through their rebellion — was so inclined, it would not be so far-fetched that he would be able abuse his power and keep a tight hold on the country. The citizens feared an almighty Congress, and wondered how fair trials could really be under Madison’s
Much has been made about whether or not the United States is truly a democratic country. The nature of this debate stems from the different ways that democracy is defined. Many scholars, including Howard Zinn have defined democracy operationally rather than conclusively thus creating a focus that goes beyond political institutions and addresses the quality of life of the citizens. This focus on equality and fairness of outcomes generally leads to the conclusion that America is not that democratic. On the other hand, many other scholars, including Sidney Hook, have argued that democracy does not have to do with outcomes, but rather it is about the procedural process, specifically the concept of majority
According to Mills essay the “tyranny of the majority” is basically the will of the people, but only those who actively participate within the government, which arose to stop the tyranny of a single individual, but this concept gives the majority all the power because the majority always has their way. This form of tyranny manifested within King’s essay because back then black people where regarded different from white people, they did not have the same right as the whites and were the minority within society, thus the white people were the majority. The majority of people agree on the oppression of black people; thus, the majority was able to inflict segregation among the minority. the minority was always at a disadvantage because the majority