In basketball, the aim of the game is to pass the ball into the ring in order to score a goal. When a basketball player wants to get points, he or she does use multiple shot techniques such as the jump shot, the lay-up and the free-throw. The most commonly used technique to score goals is the jump shot. This technique is a shot at the basket made by a player releasing the ball at the highest point of a leap. This shot has three phases; the preparation phase, execution phase and the follow through phase.
In the preparation phase is taken place in a sagittal plane. The knees and hips are flexed prior to the extension. It pre-stretches the muscles that contracts in the jump. From an upright standing position at….. degree angle, the player initiates a decelerating downward movement where the abdominals are contracted to …….degree angle. The downward motion flexes the hips by eccentric contraction in the gluteus maximus, semimembranosus, Semitendinosus, and Biceps Femoris. In this downward movement, the knees are flexed causing a concentric contraction at ……… degrees on the Rectus Femoris, Vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and vastus lateralis. The flexed knee also causes an eccentric contraction on the hamstring on the bicep femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus. Whilst the lower body is in a bend position, the upper body such as the shoulder girdle are elevated. The scapulothoracic is elevated by the levator scapulae, rhomboids and the middle fibers of the trap while the shoulder joint muscles are flexed by isometric contraction by the flexors of the anterior fibers of the deltoid, pectoralis major and coracobrachialis. As the individual holds the ball and moves into this crouched position, the elbow are flexed at degree ...
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...he Achilles tendinitis is a cumulative injury where the tendon is inflamed due to the many tiny tears it occurred overtime. Another type of cumulative injury that could happen through this jump-shot is patellar tendonitis .This is where excessive jumping or landing strains patella tendon, which is attaches the bottom of the patella to the top of the tibia. If continually strained, the lesions occurring in the tendon can exceed the rate of repair.
If the individual landed in unbalanced position from the jump-shot it could result to an acute injury known as an ankle sprain. The sprain ankle is caused an inversion-type twist of the foot in the anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular, and posterior talofibular ligaments.
A to prevent these injuries is to use a proper technique in landing. This could be done to land in a proper stance were feet are set width apart.
Achilles tendinopathy and its contributing pathologies has been a heavily researched topic throughout multiple professions. Although a unified consensus and classification on the underlying pathology is yet to be reached, a shift from the term tendinitis to tendinosis has slowly been adopted, and is now believed to follow a continuum. Previous incorrect belief of an inflammatory pathophysiology has lead to the development of treatment options that are inappropriate and unsuccessful, leaving the tendon unable to adequately heal or strengthen increasing its risk of repetitive re-injury and the development of chronic Achilles tendinopathy. As a result an understanding of the pathophysiology, its effect on lower limb function and biomechanical risk factors contributing to the development of Achilles tendinopathy need to be considered when developing a rehabilitation program to coincide with new research and to address the underlying degeneration and failed healing of the tendon.
Ankle sprains have three degrees of injury ranging from 1-3. The level of the ankle sprain is determined by the amount that the ligament is torn or stretched. A grade one sprain is categorized as a slight stretching and damage to the fibers of the ligament. A grade 2 sprain is characterized as partial tearing of the ligament and abnormal laxity of the ankle. A grade 3 sprain is characterized by complete tear of the ligament if it can be pushed or pulled in certain movements there is gross instability. The movements of the ankle are abduction, adduction, plantar flexion, dorsiflexion, and inversion, eversion. The ligaments of the ankle hold the ankle bones and joint into position. These ligaments protect the ankle joint from abnormal movements such as twisting, turning, and rolling of the foot.
Shooting is the main part of basketball. If you don’t shoot, you don’t score and if you don’t score you lose, and nobody likes to lose. Shooting the ball is something that takes a extreme amount of time for it to become perfect. I’ve been playing basketball for over 10 years and I still don’t know how to shoot the perfect shot.
The Anterior Crucient Ligament also known as the ACL is usually injured in a forceful twisting motion of the knee. It also may be injured by hyper extending the knee witch is when the femur is forcefully pushed across the tibia such as a sudden stop, while running or a sudden change in weight. The person will feel or here a sudden pop in the knee. The knee may or may not get very swollen, but the knee will be very unstable so you can not walk and it is painful especially when it is moved after the accident.
The fighter is then ready to initiate the movement phase: extension at the knee with a relative angle to the thigh of about 180 degrees, lateral rotation of the grounded foot between 90 and 120 degrees, and additional lateral flexion of the spine.
An Achilles tendon rupture can be a partial or complete tear of the Achilles tendon hence when an athlete suffers from the injury it can come suddenly with a snapping or popping sound of the Achilles tendon separating into two pieces. The tendon rupture basically tears the fibres therefore meaning the tendon can no longer perform its normal func...
There are many injuries in general, but sports injuries? Sprains and Strains are the most common injuries in sports. “Sprains are injuries to ligaments, the tough bands connecting in a joint. Suddenly stretching ligaments past their limits deforms or tears them” (Hoffman 1). Ligaments are like springs in a sense that when you stretch a spring, it will return to it’s normal state unless they are
Throughout literature countermovement jumps (CMJ) are seen to be higher in contrast to squat jumps (SJ) (Bobbert et al. 1996; Kubo et al. 1999; Bobbert et al. 2005). However present literature regarding the key potential mechanisms behind why greater muscle forces are seen accelerating the body upwards in CMJ in comparison to SJ is somewhat unclear. A CMJ can be defined as a positioning starting upright, beginning the descending motion in advance of the upward motion in contrast to a SJ where the start position is squatted with no preparatory countermovement (Akl 2013). The higher jump heights seen in CMJ in comparison to SJ are apparent even if at the start of propulsion phase the body configuration is identical (Bobbert et al. 1996). In past literature three main mechanisms have looked to provide an explanation for the greater muscle forces seen in CMJ than the SJ. The first plausible theory is that the muscle stretch in CMJ increases the production of force capability of the contractile machinery (Edman et al. 1978; Ettema et al. 1992; Herzog et al. 2003). Secondly the assumption that the muscle fibres are on the descending limb of their force–length relationship at the start of propulsion in the CMJ and SJ, however in CMJ the stretching of a chain of elastic components, they are not as far past optimum length therefore allowing a greater force over the initial phase of their shortening range, with the stretching of sequences of elastic components, this then causes the storage of elastic energy that is then reutilized in the propulsion phase (Ettema et al. 1992). The final explan...
...tead of one big one. Building your leg muscles, especially your hamstrings can help prevent ACL injury. Be thoroughly warmed up before jumping and pivoting hard. It is a good idea to be actually sweating when you are warming up.
In this position the athlete stands upright with their feet slightly separated and parallel, the arms hanging easily at the sides with the palms facing the body. When standing still muscles co-contract to stabilise the body and prevent it from falling or flopping due to the effects of gravity. The key joints that stabilize the body are the ankle joint, knee joint, hip joint, vertebral column and the shoulder girdle.
This skill involves jumping in the sagittal plane about the transverse axis. It consists of hip, knee, ankle, and shoulder joints. In the preparation phase in propulsion, the subject has flexed knees and hips which will need to be straightened by the strength of their corresponding joints such as the hinge joint at the knee joint. The hip joint is a ball and socket joint that bears the body weight and allows for jumping motion. During th...
A basketball Jump shot also known as a jumper is one of the most important shots in the game. Its purpose is for the player to jump, usually straight up and while in the mid-air attempt to score while arcing the ball in the basket. Jumps shots are known for winning games, especially crucial last second shots such as mine but it’s a skill that a player should be familiar and have knowledge of. Although it seems simple and easy its actually is a very detailed and mechanical aspect to the game which is why I choose to analyze the biomechanics of a basketball jump shot.
Explain the term "injury prevention" and give examples of ways to prevent at least three specific injuries.
Traumatic injuries seem to occur a lot in the sport of football. Knee injuries seem to be one of the most occurring traumatic injuries in football (Become an Advocate for Sports Safety). The main types of traumatic knee injuries are: tearing/spraining of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), medial collateral ligament (MCL), and the meniscus, which is the cartilage that is in the knee (Become an Advocate for Sports Safety). The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a very vital ligament in the knee. It is the main stabilizer of the knee. Surprisingly usually the anterior cruciate ligament is torn from a non-contact twisting of the knee (5 Most Common Football injuries (and How to Prevent Them)). The knee normally pops and it will begin to swell and it may feel unstable (5 Most Common Football injuries (and How to Prevent Them)). Swelling depends on the severity in the tear of the ligament. The anterior cruciate ligament is one of the four main ligaments that provide stability to the knee joint (Common Football Injuries). It is the most important out of the four. Injuries to any of the cruciate ligaments in the knee are most of the time sprains (Common Football Injuries). The anterior cruciate ligament being the most often stretched, strained, sprained or either tore (Common Football Injuries). Most of the knee injuries that occur in footbal...
The purpose of the squat is to train the muscles around the knees and hip joints, as well as to develop strength in the lower back, for execution of basic skills required in many sporting events and activities of daily living. Because a strong and stable knee is extremely important to an athlete or patient’s success, an understanding of knee biomechanics while performing the squat is helpful to therapists, trainers, and athletes alike (11). Because most activities of daily living require the coordinated contraction of several muscle groups at once, and squatting (a multi-joint movement) is one of the few strength training exercises that is able to effectively recruit multiple muscle groups in a single movement, squats are considered one of the most functional and efficient weight-bearing exercises whether an individual’s goals are sport specific or are for an increased quality of life