TOSCA TRANSCRIPT
Joseph Noonan, Tessa Robinson & Christiana Garvie
Tosca was written by Giacomo Puccini in the late 1800s, and premiered in the year 1900. It is set in the City of Rome in 1800 during the days of the Napoleonic invasions, and therefore it was a period of great unrest in Europe.
To give some historical context, we’ll start a couple of years before the events of Tosca. ‘Italy’ as a country doesn’t exist yet, instead it’s divided into small states controlled by various ruling families. The ‘Papal States’, where Rome is found, are ruled by the Pope and his people. The French Revolution is ending and France has declared itself a republic, making itself an enemy of most of the surrounding states which are still Monarchies. France
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The construction of the church began in 1590 and completed 60 years later in 1650. The most striking design feature of the basilica is the dome which was the largest commission of its time hiring two architects to work together to create it. The floor plan of the church was based on a Latin cross with chapels on either side of the hall and the dome at the end.
The second act was set within the Palazzo Farnese, which has an important place in Rome's history. It was first designed in 1517 and then passed hands into Pope Paul III in 1534 where he expanded it extensively and was partly architecturally designed by Michelangelo. The painting inside the Palazzo ‘The Love of the Gods” is sited as being the initiator of both the Baroque and Classicism painting movements.
The final act takes place in Castel Sant’Angelo which was built between 123 and 139 AD during the Roman Empire. It was initially built as a Mausoleum. During the 400’s it was used as a military fortress and as such a lot of the original façade and decorations have been destroyed. During the 1800’s it was used as a prison and today it is used as a museum. In his research for Tosca, Giacomo Puccini actually slept outside this fortress in order to experience what it was like to wake up to the sound of the bells
Brunelleschi 's Dome: How a Renaissance Genius Reinvented Architecture, written by Ross King, describes the history of the city of Florence and life at the end of the Middle Ages through the genius of Filippo Brunelleschi. The book begins by giving information about the historic competition that led to the impressive dome that sits atop Santa Maria del Fiore. It then gives an account of the history of Florence in the late 1300s and early 1400s and the building of the cathedral and the initial competition for the dome 's design. After providing information about Florence and the cathedral, Ross King gives background information about Filippo Brunelleschi, his experiences as an artist and scientist in both Florence and Rome, and insight into
The whole structure was built in a hurry, possibly in an effort to solidify the conquest. It is not nearly a remarkable an object as the twin churches in Caen. However, due to its protective design, it is an impregnable fortress, and its history as a prison, the tower has carved its place in history. Work on the stone building and exterior walls was begun in 1077. The main building, included a small cathedral in one corner, and rises three stories.
St Peter’s basilica which is built based on rational form of architecture is a Late Renaissance church located within Vatican City, designed by Donato Bramante. Its significant history is that according to the Catholic tradition this was the place that Saint Peter was buried. Not so far away...
of the film, but he altered the way in which the text is portrayed. Franco Zeffirelli’s version is set in the late 1960’s, meaning that. There is a time period difference and it makes it harder for people to understand as it is an older portrayal of the film. The location in this film is set on Verona Beach in Italy, which is contemporary style and twentieth century.
The Pazzi chapel marked a momentous return to classical rudiments. It has a central dome "reminiscent of the lines of Rome's Pantheon" (Cunningham 274). It has an oculus just like the Pantheon. Furthermore, although smaller in scale, the dome of the chapel is also hemispherical in shape and austere in design. Likewise, the chapel's twelve-ribbed dome approached the floor below it in the same respect as the Pantheon; completed after Brunelleschi's death, the chapel dome caps a severe rectangular base in the same way the Pantheon dome covers an ascetic circle. (Tractenberg). The chapel's dome, however, is itself capped with a cylindrical cupola "with delicate lantern" added in 1462 (Italy Field Study). Although they differ in base, both domes were framed according to circles. The image above illustrates the resemblance between the Pantheon's and Pazzi chapel's dome. The image on the left is the architectural plan of the Pazzi Chapel. The one on the right is that of the Roman Pantheon. If one is to draw a near perfect circle that fills the interior of the dome, as...
The location it was set in was Venice (a pleasurable, tranquil place) and Cyprus (a bad atmospheric, violent place). In the first scene in Act 1, we see Iago and Roderigo talking to each other. Iago is the character telling us all about Othello. The word often used to describe him is 'the Moor'.
In the Florence Cathedral, Florence, Italy, there is a cathedral church whose octagonal dome, built without the aid of scaffolding, was considered the greatest engineering feat of the early Renaissance. Dedicated to Santa Maria del Fiore, Our Lady of the Flower, it is also known as the Duomo, after the Italian word for cathedral. Created by many great Early Modern artists, this piece of architecture is a perfect example the Renaissance style. We can come to a better understanding of why this is so by exploring what the characteristics of the Renaissance “style”. To understand the properties of the Florence Cathedral that fit the Early Modern style, I will begin with a description and its history. The cathedral's architectural style, although greatly influenced by French Gothic elements remained distinctively Florentine, especially the geometric patterns of red, green, and white marble on the building's exterior. Construction of the cathedral began in 1294 on the site of a Christian church founded in the 6th or 7th century and continued until 1436. Several celebrated Italian architects were involved in the project, including Giotto, Arnolfo di Cambio, Andrea Orcagna, and, most notably, Filippo Brunelleschi, who was responsible for designing and building the dome. The cathedral's exterior is ornamented with sculpture and mosaics by Italian artists Donatello, Nanni di Banco, and Domenico Ghirlandaio, among others. The building's stained-glass windows are the work of the Italian architect and artist Lorenzo Ghiberti, and the interior is decorated with sculpture and fresco paintings by several Renaissance masters. Construction of the campanile (bell tower), situated to the right of the entrance to the Duomo, was begun by Giotto and completed according to his plans in 1359, after his death. Nearly 278 ft high, the campanile is embellished with red, green, and white marble panels of relief sculpture by Italian artists Andrea Pisano and Luca della Robbia, and niches with sculpted figures by Donatello and other masters. Facing the cathedral and campanile is a smaller, octagonal structure, the Baptistery of San Giovanni, noted for its gilt-bronze doors, elaborately worked in high relief by Andrea Pisano and Lorenzo Ghiberti. With that background information about the cathedral, one question comes to mind: what is it that makes the Renaissance style distinct? Renaissa...
...d in 1580, the project had only just begun. The theatre was completed by Vincenzo Scamozzi assisted by Palladio’s son, Silla, and would serve as a model for theatres across Europe for centuries.
During the seven years between 1938 and 1945, 12 million people were killed in the holocaust. Out of these 12 million, about 3 million were tattooed in an attempt to be identified by the Nazis and SS. Still today, survivors from the holocaust have the tattoo on their forearms in remembrance of the events that occurred in the camps during the holocaust.
The Papal Basilica of St Peter in the Vatican, or simply St Peter’s Basilica is one of the largest church’s in the world with a total area of 44,000 square meters, with 219 square meters of the basilica itself. (Dupre’, J., 2001, p.65) Located in Vatican City, the papal enclave within Rome, St Peter’s Basilica is the most renowned work of Renaissance architecture. There were 4 main architects who contributed to the project: Donato Bramante, Michelangelo, Carlo Maderno, and Gian Lorenzo Bernini. Construction began on the new basilica on 18 April 1506 under Julius II, who also laid the first stone and was completed in 1615 under Paul V. The Façade, designed by the architect Carlo Maderno, “Is 114.69 metres wide and 48 metres high, and has an order of Corinthian columns and pilasters, over which lies an imposing cornice with a central tympanum, crowned by a balustrade with thirteen statues (nearly 6 metres high).”
“The church has a rectangular shape, and the square nave measuring 102 feet is covered with a central dome that is carried on four pendentives. The arcade around the dome is unbroken with 40 arched windows to bring the light inside. Excluding the two narthexes and the large atrium, the basilica measures 229 x 245 ft. The atrium measures 157 x 106 ft.
The style of Baroque architecture is say to be overwhelm, in other word, heavy and powerful. In order to bring out the sense of solemn, holiness, it is presented in the form of massiveness and movement. The St. Peter’s Basilica, completed in 1626, designed by Donato Brama...
Uniformly pleasing, the basilica is strongly focused on definition and structure. The dome of the basilica is considered the masterpiece of design. A lot of effort was put into the design of the dome; it is a key element of the basilica.
The first major construction on the island started in the year 1020 and was completed in 1135. In time structural problems arose with the building, therefore in 1170 Abbot Robert de Toringy started building a new facade on the side of the church.
Volpone is all about morals, greed and the depths people will sink to get what they want, despite its consequences on themselves and others. The Jacobean audiences were familiar with its setting in Venice and they thought Italy 'was the land of sensational evil-doing. Among Italian cities Venice ... stood in the front rank for this sinister repute.' (Barish, 1972: 65) So the choice of setting was deliberate, he wanted t...