Three Types Of Critical Discourse Analysis Approach

Persuasive strategies are based upon theories of human psychology. They are used in

business issues, political matters, and interpersonal relationships. Three common types

of persuasive strategies are cognitive dissonance, negative and positive motivation, and

appeals to needs. Cognitive dissonance refers to the mental discomfort which occurs

when new information contradicts the current beliefs, ideas, or values. It is not easy to

persuade people since they are resistant to change. The next type of persuasive

strategies is positive and negative motivation which are used by public speakers,

teachers, and parents. Speakers can motivate their audience by relating the content of

their speech to their audience’s personal lives. On the contrary,

failure to follow a
speaker’s speech would result in negative motivation. Positive and negative motivation
are in harmony with appeals to needs. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs (Maslow, 1943),
refers to different layers of needs that people seek. They include physiological, safety,
social, self-esteem, and self-actualization needs respectively. Appeals to needs are often
paired with positive and negative motivation which can increase the persuasiveness of
the message. Speakers can increase the safety and security of the listeners by mixing
appeals to safety with positive motivation.
Persuasive Strategies Used in Obama’s Political Speech: A CDA Approach 14
Legislative issue is a battle for force to put certain political, financial and social thoughts
into practice. In this procedure, language assumes an urgent part, for each political
activity is readied, went hand in hand with, affected and played by dialect. This paper
examines discourse of political discoursing, to be specific the inaugural location of
President Barack Obama. Given the gigantic residential and worldwide criticalness of
the said discourse in times of global financial turmoil it will be urgent to translate
ideological characteristics commonplace for Barack Obama's cherished in his
inaugural location. Inaugural location foreordains arrangements of the recently initiated
president and its general noteworthiness is improved on account of Obama's
arrangement of progress. The point of this paper is to analyze convincing systems of
President Barack Obama and its ideological part.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
Discourse
Discourse is defined by Cook (1992) as the use of language for communication and it
refers to sentences which are grammatically well-formed but which do not necessarily
have to be grammatical. Discourse, as being what is indicated, is a wide term with
numerous a definition, which incorporates an entire palette of implications (Titscher
et.al. 1998), going from etymology, through social science, reasoning and different
controls. For the reasons of this paper we apply the meaning of discourse, taking into
account van Dijk's (1977: 3), and his general idea of discourse as content in setting,
seen as "information that is obligated for empiric examination" (Titscher et.al. 1998:
44), with center being put on discourse as activity and procedure. From this it takes
after that "discourse" is a more extensive term than "content": "I should utilize the term
discourse to allude to the entire procedure of social communication of which a content
is only a section" (Fairclough 1989: 24).

Several studies have used Fairclough’s

framework as a discourse analysis tool (e.g. Majdedin, Taghinezhad, and Nabizadeh,

2014; Hedegaard, Rovio-Johansson, and Siouta, 2014).

Critical discourse analysis

Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is a kind of discourse research which studies the

enactment of dominance, social power abuse, and inequality through text and talk, in

the political and social contexts. Critical discourse analysts try to understand and resist

social inequality (Van Dijk, 1985). Critical Discourse Analysis is obviously not a

homogenous model, nor a school or a paradigm, but at most a shared perspective on

doing linguistics, semiotic or discourse analysis. (van Dijk 1993: 131)

CDA objective is to see dialect use as social practice. The clients of dialect don't work in

disengagement, however in an arrangement of social, social and mental structures. CDA

acknowledges this social setting and studies the associations between text-based

structures and considers this social connection and investigates the connections

between printed structures and their capacity in communication inside of the general

public. Such an investigation is a complex, multi-level one, given the

conspicuous