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Themes in oedipus the king by sophocles
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My very first impression of Sophocles's play Oedipus the King was one of disinterest. I hadn't spent too much time reading plays before and I wasn't sure what the play itself would be about. I had only heard the name Sophocles a few times in passing and anything other than Shakespeare was unfamiliar to me. To my surprise, I had heard of the main character Oedipus before and the play turned out to be a very interesting thought provoking story. The questions asked for this week's discussion proved to be very thought consuming. The difference between fate and destiny is in my opinion a very slim one, however reading through the discussion my opinions began to change. More questions were brought forth from the insights of others. The play Oedipus the King revolves so much around destiny and fate, that I would like to look into it more. Also what insights can be gathered from this play? How well does Oedipus fit the tragic hero mold? What kind of person was Sophocles's?
To start off with our king is told of the weakening condition of his city and people. Some might believe because he already knew and had not fixed this issue that he choose to ignore it. However lines 72 to 78 in fact show the king's own pain when it comes to this matter. “My spirit groans for city and myself and you at once. You have not roused me like a man from sleep; know that I have given many tears to this, gone many ways wandering in thought, but as I thought I found only one remedy and that I took” (sophocles). The king is shown here to be one who truly cares for his people, but is faced with an issue bigger than himself. However, as the play goes on we learn that unconsciously and unwillingly this great king is the true cause for the turmoil that has wr...
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... and received the best education. Sophocles was more than a playwright, being rather gifted with music and “like many good Athenian citizens, he was also a politician, priest and military leader” (egs). Very little is really known about Sophocles since he lived so long ago, a lot of the information gathered on him is more guessing than anything. One thing is for sure, that Sophocles was a great play writer who left a huge impact in the world, especially on Western Civilization.
Works Cited
Struck, Peter T. "Oedipus as the Ideal Tragic Hero." Classics.upenn.edu. Department of Classical Studies, 2000. Web. 02 May 2014.
"Sophocles - Biography." Egs.edu. European Graduate School, n.d. Web. 03 May 2014.
Sophocles. “Oedipus the King.” The Norton Introduction to Literature. Shorter 11th ed. Ed. Kelly J. Mays. New York: Norton, 2013. 1737-76. Print.
Sophocles. Oedipus the King. Trans. Robert Fagles. The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces. Ed. Maynard Mack et al. 6th ed. Vol. 1. New York: Norton, 1992.
In the Antigone, unlike the Oedipus Tyrannus, paradoxically, the hero who is left in agony at the end of the play is not the title role. Instead King Creon, the newly appointed and tyrannical ruler, is left all alone in his empty palace with his wife's corpse in his hands, having just seen the suicide of his son. However, despite this pitiable fate for the character, his actions and behavior earlier in the play leave the final scene evoking more satisfaction than pity at his torment. The way the martyr Antigone went against the King and the city of Thebes was not entirely honorable or without ulterior motives of fulfilling pious concerns but it is difficult to lose sight of the fact that this passionate and pious young woman was condemned to living imprisonment.
Gioia, Dana, and X.J. Kennedy. "Oedipus the King." Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and Writing, Compact Edition, Interactive Edition. 5th ed. New York: Pearson; Longman Publishing, 2007. 887-924. Print.
Sophocles. "Oedipus the King." Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. Ed. X. J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia. 7th ed. New York: Longman, 1999. 1902.
...us the King. In Robert W. Corrigan (Ed.), Classical Tragedy Greek and Roman (pp. 245-251). New York, NY: Applause Theatre Book Publishers.
Fitts, Dudley, and Robert Fitzerald. Sophocles: The Oedipus Cycle. New York, NY: Harcourt Brace & Com, 1977. Print.
...Sophoclean Rulers: Oedipus.” In Twentieth Century Interpretations of Oedipus Rex, edited by Michael J. O’Brien. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1968.
Oedipus the King. Tranlsted by Stephen Berg and Diskin Clay. In Literature of the Western World, edited by Brian Wilkie and James Hurt. NewYork: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1984.
The great Sophoclean play, Oedipus Rex is an amazing play, and one of the first of its time to accurately portray the common tragic hero. Written in the time of ancient Greece, Sophocles perfected the use of character flaws in Greek drama with Oedipus Rex. Using Oedipus as his tragic hero, Sophocles’ plays forced the audience to experience a catharsis of emotions. Sophocles showed the play-watchers Oedipus’s life in the beginning as a “privileged, exalted [person] who [earned his] high repute and status by…intelligence.” Then, the great playwright reached in and violently pulled out the audience’s most sorrowful emotions, pity and fear, in showing Oedipus’s “crushing fall” from greatness.
With this in mind, many believe that King Oedipus in Sophocles’ play, Oedipus the King, is the perfect example of Aristotle’s tragic hero. Does he, however, truly fulfill all the “requirements” described in Poetics or is there something we miss in the depths of his fascinating and multi-faceted character that does not fit into Aristotle’s template? Without a doubt, Oe...
Boston: Pearson, 2013. 1396-1506. Print. The. Sophocles. “Oedipus the King” Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and Writing.
Oedipus is a hero, as defined by Johnston. According to Johnston, ‘a hero is someone who confronts fate in a very personal manner and whose reaction to that encounter serves to illuminate for us our own particular condition’ (Johnston, Part 2). Oedipus definitely confronts fate in a personal manner. Among other things, he challenges the mysterious qualities of fate by pursuing the Shepherd despite warnings from Jocasta (Sophocles, 71). Oedipus follows through on confronting fate with his individual approach of uncompromising persistence and integrity (Johnston, Part 3). Even at the end of his downfall, Oedipus maintains that Kreon should banish him and that he must obey the curses he himself ordered for the murderer of King Laios (Sophocles, 89-90). Despite being so broken and publicly shamed, Oedipus still persists with his former way of interacting with fate : noble defiance (Johnston, Part 3). Although this quality itself is admirable, Oedipus takes uncompromising to the extreme, losing insight on everything else. Oedipus becomes ignorant to his surroundings, leading to his downfall (Johnston, Part 3). Oedipus’ story also challenges the fundamental belief that life should be rational and just. (Johnston, Part 3) His story illuminates that fate is arbitrarily cruel and will sometimes pick the gre...
Sophocles’ Oedipus is the tragedy of tragedies. An honorable king is deceived and manipulated by the gods to the point of his ruination. In the face of ugly consequences Oedipus pursues the truth for the good of his city, finally exiling himself to restore order. Sophocles establishes emotional attachment between the king and the audience, holding them in captivated sympathy as Oedipus draws near his catastrophic discovery. Oedipus draws the audience into a world between a rock and a hard place, where sacrifice must be made for the greater good.
Segal, Charles. Oedipus Tyrannus: Tragic Heroism and the Limits of Knowledge. New York: Twayne, 1993. Print.
Works Cited:.. Sophocles. Oedipus Rex. New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1991.