LAB REPORT # 2
Thermo gravimetric analysis of Fire Clay
SUBMITTED TO: DR. Mohsin Ali Raza
SUBMITTED BY: Group 2 (Subgroup A)
Group Members
Asad Ahmad E13-300
Furqan Tahir E13-313
Usama Saleem E13-336
SUBJECT: ENGINEERING CERAMICS AND GLASSES (LAB)
2nd Experiment
STATEMENT:
To perform thermo gravimetric analysis of given sample of clay.
TASK:
To perform thermo gravimetric analysis of given sample of clay as a function of temperature and also plots a graph between % residual weight and temperature.
PRINCIPLE:
By
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‘PINK CHINA CLAY’ TIME: 5min AMOUNT: 0.5g
CRUCIBLE WEIGHT: 16.154g
TOTAL WEIGHT: 16.654.g Table 3: Readings observe during experiment of pink china clay
Temperature
(◦C) Total Weight (g) Wight Changes
(g) % Weight Changes % Remaining Weight
0 16.654 0.5 0% 100%
150 16.647 0.493 1.4% 98.6%
300 16.646 0.492 1.6% 98.4%
450 16.645 0.491 1.8% 98.2%
600 16.629 0.475 5% 95%
750 16.589 0.437 12.6% 87.4%
900 16.512 0.358 28.4% 77.6%
RESULT: Total moisture in the given sample of pink china clay is 28.4%.
‘WHITE CHINA CLAY’
TIME: 5min AMOUNT: 0.5g
CRUCIBLE WEIGHT: 18.683g
TOTAL WEIGHT: 19.183.g Table 4: Readings observe during experiment of white china clay
Temperature
(◦C) Total Weight (g) Wight Changes
(g) % Weight Changes % Remaining Weight
0 19.183 0.5 0% 100%
150 19.177 0.494 1.2% 98.8%
300 19.175 0.492 1.6% 98.4%
450 19.173 0.490 2.0% 98.0%
600 19.114 0.431 13.8% 86.2%
750 19.104 0.421 15.8% 84.2%
900 19.092 0.409 18.2% 81.8%
RESULT: Total moisture in the given sample of white china clay is
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Industrial applications of Kaolin by Hayden H. Murray.
III. Clay minerals in the ceramic industries by Thomas W. Smoot
1. Write basic principle and applications of TGA analysis?
Answer:
Principle: Thermo gravimetric is a technique which is used measure the change in weight of given sample as a function of temperature or time.
Uses/application:
TGA is mostly used to determine characteristics of materials that is either mass loss or gained due to decomposition. Some applications of TGA are, materials characterization through analysis of decomposition patterns, degradation mechanisms and kinetics, determine organic content in a sample. It is a useful technique for the study of materials like polymers, including thermoplastics, thermosets, elastomers, composites, fibers.
Reference:
“Solid state chemistry” By Anthony R.West “Thermo gravimetric Analysis” Coats, A. W.; Redfern, J. P. (1963).
2. What is dynamic TGA analysis? Answer: There are two types TGA analysis, dynamic and static thermo gravimetric analysis. In dynamic thermo gravimetric analysis a substance (sample) is subjected to continuous increase in temperature, which is linear with
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Teachout, Terry. "John Hammond's jazz." Commentary 122.3 (2006): 55+. Academic OneFile. Web. 16 Nov. 2011.
Wharram, Barbara. Elementary Rudiments of Music. Ed. Kathleen Wood. 2nd ed. Mississauga, Ont.: Frederick Harris Music, 2010. Print.
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