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Limitations of Erikson's psychosocial theory
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Limitations of Erikson's psychosocial theory
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Theory of the week: Erikson Erikson‘s psychosocial theory expands off of Freud’s Psychosexual Theory. Instead of ending at adolescence, Erikson focused on all the stages of life and development. His theory emphasizes development affected by age as well as societal demands on the person. He had various stages that a person will go through throughout their life. This reminded me of my cousin Austin. He is three years old, so he would be in Erikson’s second stage, “Autonomy versus Doubt”. This whole summer his parents were trying to get him potty trained. They tried to encourage Austin to use the bathroom by saying he would be able to go to school if he would use the potty. He was influenced by the social demand of going to school in order for
Erik Erikson was a German-born American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst. Born on June 15, 1902 in Frankfurt, Germany, Erikson is well known for his theory of psychosocial development of human beings. He was very interested in how children socialize and how it affects them. Instead of taking science courses during high school, such as biology or chemistry, he took a variety of languages. After high school, he was intrigued by art and went traveling around Europe. In 1933, Erikson came to the U.S. and became Boston’s first child analyst and obtained a position at the Harvard Medical School. Later he then was admitted to other institutes such as Yale, Berkeley, and the Menninger Foundation. Erikson died on May 12 in Harwich, MA. Erikson’s theory of the eight stages of psychosocial development came from the idea of Freud’s psychosexual stages.
grew up in Europe and spent his young adult life under the direction of Freud. In 1933
Erik Erikson was born in 1902. One of his big contributions was his developmental theory. He had an eight stage process in which humans developed throughout their entire life. Erikson studies ranged from American soldiers to children. He taught at a lot of colleges from Yale to Berkeley to name a few. During this time was when did his famous studies of modern life among the Lakota and the Yurok. He accepted Freudian ideas and some of his most famous work is refining and expanding Freud’s work. He promoted the stage approach more than anybody but still today it’s not a popular concept.
Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development were complex, but simple. It is something everyone will go through and experiences will always be different. The lack of reinforcement to the positive aspects of his stages can lead to quite a disaster. Surprisingly, previous stages are highly influential to the proceeding stage. The lack of reinforcement to the positive aspects of his psychosocial stages can have a very devastating effect on a person. This is because the effects built up rather than taking the place of one another. The effects are quite horrifying, but with the right environment, experiences and beliefs, everything can go well.
Erik Erikson, born June 15th, 1902 in Frankfurt, Germany was a developmental theorist who proposed a “comprehensive psychoanalytic theory that identifies a series of eight stages, in which a healthy developing individual should pass through from infancy to late adulthood”. After developing what is a crucial theory to revealing the developmental process of children, Erikson died on May 12th, 1994 at age 91 in Harwich, Massachusetts. His theory would later become an important contribution to the study of childhood education. Along with his theory, he wrote many books as well as won two awards including the Pulitzer Prize, and the National Book Award in 1970.
Freud’s psychosexual stages and Erikson’s psychosocial stages are similar to each other in that they each follow the same guidelines and different periods of life. These eight stages of life in each group coincide with each other, even though they are two different ideas.
Erik Erikson had developed a series of eight stages in which he believed each child progressed through, as they got older. The first five stages represent the journey that each child takes upon entering adolescence. Failure to complete a certain stage could result in various challenges/struggles that the child will face throughout their lives.
His belief was that each human developed their own personality through a series of stages and these stages developed due to the social experiences that one experienced through life. According to Erikson, there are eight stages and each stage centers around a conflict that has to be resolved. Under Erikson’s theory, if conflict or crisis is not resolved, then the outcome will be more crisis and struggles with that issue later on in life (Domino & Affonso, 2011).
It's easy to understand and is broken down in small parts that makes it easier to see how humans develop. Even though some of Erik's ideas were influenced by Sigmund Freud theory, it still over topped his. The making of Erikson Institute keeps his legacy alive today. The impact made on lives throughout the psychological field will forever be honored. As the book stated, (Papalia, Feldman, & Martorella 2015) “Erikson's theory is important because of it's emphasis on social and cultural influences and development beyond adolescence” (pg. 27) I find that statement out the book to be very true to this
Developmental psychology is an area of research dedicated to the understanding of child-development. Throughout history many theories have been used to attempt to explain the complex process. Two of those theorists, Freud and Erikson, were instrumental in creating a foundation for child-psychology to build on. From a Freudian perspective, human development is centered on psychosexual theory. Psychosexual theory indicates that maturation of the sex drives underlies stages of personality development. Alternatively, Erikson is considered a neo-freudian scholar who developed psychosocial theory. In Erikson models there are eight major conflicts that occur during the course of an individual’s life.
This assignment’s main focus will be centred on Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, which consists of eight stages however only the fifth stage ‘identity versus role confusion’ will be discussed. Aspects such as identity crises, exploration of autonomy whilst developing a sense of self, factors that may contribute to identity formation as well as the successful/unsuccessful resolution of this particular stage will be discussed thoroughly. Erikson’s theory was also expanded by James Marcia, who identified certain identity statuses. The discussion will then progress to the psychosocial development of a case study based on Anna Monroe in connection to the difficulties she faced, such as gender, sexuality, peer pressure,
Erik Erikson was influenced by Freud and his concept of the ego. Erikson observed the impact of external factors on personality from not just childhood, but throughout the entire lifetime. He developed eight stages, which are split into different age brackets. As an individual passes through these stages, they must successfully complete the crisis to move forward onto the next one.
Out of the massive contributions made to developmental psychology, no psychologist had made a more significant contribution than Erik Erikson. As a young man, Erikson was highly influenced by the Freud family and their school of thought. However, Erikson disagreed with the Freudian concept of psychosexual stages, the idea that humans undergo stages of development and resolve basic conflicts by physical and pleasurable gratification (Santrock, 22). “According to Freud, the primary motivation for human behavior is sexual in nature according to Erikson, it is social and reflects a desire to affiliate with other people,” (Santrock, 23). Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory is a well rounded view of life- span development, it incorporates important conflicts during each stage of development that most people can relate to and apply to their own development.
Freud’s psychosexual theory and Erikson’s psychosocial theory are two very renowned developmental concepts. Erikson was persuaded by Freud’s ideas but he elaborated on the theory differently.
During this essay I will be looking at two behaviourist Erikson and Freud. Erikson and Freud both have their theories on the human personality. The essay will inform the reader of the two different theories as well as strengths and the weaknesses of Freud’s and Erikson’s theories on personality, including how each of them believe an individual’s personality is arranged, influenced and completed.