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Patriarchy and gender relations in latina/o culture
Traditional gender roles in Latin America
Gender roles in hispanic culture for women
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Masculinity is an idea that people, usually men, set, to achieve their ego. From generation to generation, men put on this mask of masculinity to hide their true self, to put up a front that’s made up of lies and discomfort. In the collection of stories Drown, by Junot Diaz, Diaz portrayed, through the perspective of Latino men, an overall idea of masculinity, and how masculinity is being used and misunderstood. From Ramon to his two sons, Yunior and Rafa, Diaz portrayed a pass of this idea of masculinity through family, passed down from the first to the next generation. Ramon, during the youth of Yunior and Rafa, sets up an image of how a man should be, how to show people their masculinity. The concept of masculinity, portrayed by Diaz through …show more content…
In "Fiesta 1980," we see an interaction, between Rafa and Yunior, where Rafa sets up a picture of how men should behave, despite the age of Yunior, 9 years old. During the talk between Tio and Yunior’s mother, Virta, Tio, in front of Yunior, talks about how he 's at the age of getting "laid" if he is back in DR, Dominican Republic. Later on, Rafa tells Yunior, in English, how "It 's the only pussy you 'll ever get" (Diaz 31). Despite the fact that Yunior is still young, his surroundings, people around him, already sets forth a picture of how he should behave and act as men. Further on in the story, we get to see how Yunior 's father illustrates masculinity and manhood through actions and through Yunior 's own short thought of Virta and his father. From the very beginning of "Fiesta 1980," readers are given the fact that Ramon is disloyal to Virta. Not only does Rafa and Yunior know that their father is cheating on their mother, Ramon even brought Yunior to the woman that he is cheating with when Yunior is sick when riding the VW. During the meeting, Yunior, due to his surrounding that caused him to be early knowing, was ashamed, or most likely, scared, of …show more content…
Yunior says it as if though the girls were all the same and that no matter what their background is if they live in a certain area and their skin color is that, they 're all the same. Yunior, in his self-directed manual, tells himself that "...if the girl is from around the way, take her to El Cibao....If she 's not...Wendy 's will do" (Diaz 145). Depending on the girl 's skin color and background, the place to go is different. Even though all girls are themselves and all is unique, Yunior puts it as if they 're all same and the only difference is their color and their environment. A total domination, of what the girl is, is shown when Yunior places the girls into category and give them a
Sandra Cisneros “Never Marry a Mexican” and Junot Diaz’s The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao are stories that reflect on the cultures in which the characters grew up in. In Never Marry, Clemencia, the narrator, reflects on her past sexual relations as well as her childhood. She speaks of her parents’ marriage and then transitions into her relationship with college professor and his son. In Oscar Wao, Yunior, the narrator, gives a second-hand retelling of Oscar’s experiences in New Jersey growing up as well as in the Dominican Republic. A person’s identity is largely influenced by their culture, this is especially the case in Hispanic cultures. The social constraints that these cultures place on social class, sexuality, and gender norms can be very detrimental to a person’s self-esteem.
He had this one look, furious and sharp, that always left me feeling bruised” (Diaz 28). Ramon’s authoritative and assertive personality is also seen when they get to their aunt’s house and Yunior says, “[Ramon] and Miguel gave each other the sort of handshakes that would have turned my fingers into Wonder bread” (Diaz 31). It is as if their handshake is either a symbol of power, or strength, a broadcasting of their manly hood. Yunior goes on to describe his father’s voice as being “loud and argumentative” (Diaz 33). He says that he is used to his father’s voice being “louder than most adults” (Diaz
In the novel Chulito author Charles Rice-Gonzalez creates a familiar world seen through the eyes of a young, gay Latino from New York to strip the reconstructed masculinity that is inherent to the urban Latin communities' sense of machismo and expose the realities of outdated views on gender roles and sexual orientation, and the internal power struggle against the machismo aspects that entrap its members in a cycle of poverty and violence. The majority of young Latinos growing up in impoverished areas of urban society think machismo is necessary for survival and acceptance within the community. Rice-Gonzalez reveals this to be an oversimplification by the members of the community of the social dynamics that are at work behind the scenes and,
Junot Diaz's Drown, a compilation of short stories, exemplifies how the high standard of masculinity within the Latino community can have a detrimental effect on males. These stories are told in the first person by a narrator called Yunior. The different stories are told against the background of The Dominican Republic and the United States. The narrator highlights the different challenges that he faces throughout his childhood and into his young adult life. During this period, he struggles to find his identity which is expected by every Latino. In the Dominican Republic, a man’s manhood is closely tied to his identity, and Yunior is no exception. While in the process of finding his identity, Yunior is challenged with abuse, poverty and the lure of drugs, which leads to his addiction and his becoming violent .…
The concept of masculinity is considered as the qualities and characteristics of a man, typical what is appropriate to a man. In this article, A Community Psychology of Men and Masculinity: Historical and Conceptual Review, The author Eric S. Mankowski and Kenneth I. Maton, analyze four main themes: "Men as gendered beings, the privilege and damage of being a masculine man, men as a privileged group, and men’s power and subjective powerlessness. The second and fourth themes are described as
Diaz uses the characterization of Yunior to show that he may not he's isolated himself from loyalty and having good relationships with people as well. Yunior is a character portrayed as a true dominican male because he is good with women. In chapter 6 on page 269 Yunior got lola
Although it is ultimately revealed that Oscar and Yunior are close with each other, Yunior’s pure embodiment of the Dominican masculine is the complete antithesis of Oscar’s character, who is the opposite of anything that could describe Yunior. One good analogy to the hyper masculine identity of Yunior is to that of the personality of Trujillo, the repressive dictator of the Dominican Republic who oversaw the Haitian parsley massacre. Trujillo had a strong lust for women and a rather apparent tendency for violence, and as some sources (i.e. Masculinity after Trujillo, by Maja Horn) argue, the modern conception of masculinity in the country came to full bloom after his rein. Interestingly this was the period of time that Beli grew up in, and a substantial part of her childhood experience was suffering at the behest of Trujillo’s suppressive regime, and consequentially this contributed to her hefty and dominant
Their experiences and the journeys of their lives are what most Hispanic teenagers go through. The 10 different stories explain the different themes shown throughout the book. The Hispanic community faces many problems and Diaz states a couple of them: gender, immigration, violence, drugs, family, cultural identity, and the Latino experience. In the beginning, Yunior and Rafa are both ignorant and show signs of hate towards Israel. The story about Ysrael is that when he was a baby, a pig bit him in the face.
Rafaela is married to an older man and “gets locked indoors because her husband is afraid Rafaela will run away since she is too beautiful to look at” (79). The narrator Esperanza notes that because Rafaela is locked in the house she gives the passing kids money to run to the store to bring her back juice. Esperanza states that “Rafaela who drinks and drinks coconut and papaya juice on Tuesdays and wishes there were sweeter drinks, not bitter like an empty room, but sweet sweet like the island, like the dance hall down the street where women much older than her throw green eyes easily like dice and open homes with keys. And always there is someone offering sweeter drinks, someone promising to keep them on a silver string” (81). Esperanza is being to notice a common occurrence in the treatment of women on Mango Street. Rafaela is locked away by her husband as he wants to keep her from running off. This mirrors the relationship between Earl and his wife. Rafaela is described in more detail however allowing readers a deeper connection to her experience in her marriage. Esperanza witnesses Rafaela’s confinement in the house each time she passes by with friends and Rafaela sends them down money to buy her a drink from the store since she is unable to go herself. There is also an interesting comparison in which the confined room is compared to being bitter whereas the sweet drink is compared to being the
Gender, ethnicity, and sexuality are core components that create a solid identity. In the western world Jolene is known as a bisexual Latina female. She is bisexual because she is sexually attracted to men and women, she is a Latina because she is a mixed company of Puerto Rican and German American, and she is a female because she has the physical attributes of a woman. Although gender, ethnicity, and sexuality are all relating factors, they are also separate units of identity. Gender refers to physical attributes and traits that make one appear to be male or female. Sexuality refers to how one feels about their body, one’s sexual orientation, and one’s sexual attraction for others. Ethnicity refers to a group of people who share the same cultural background and heritage. Lopez uses these three different factors of identity and crafts them together simultaneously to suggest the damage of stereotypes. Throughout the novel, Lopez’s Flaming Iguanas highlights the conformity of sex and gender stereotypes, and addresses the socially constructed stereotypes to challenge the patriarchy and expose the damage it does to one’s search for selfhood. Jolene exemplifies how they damage one’s sense of self as she ventures
...tyle that alludes to the multitude of constantly changing and sometimes even contradictory elements in each characters journey to racially and sexually define themselves. Audre, Miguel and Leticia hold multiple racial and sexual identities in a fluid constant that change depending on their location and social context. Instead of serving as a bridge for their families, these characters break free of their place of origin and connect the multiple elements that inform their realities in order to adapt them to their present. Race and sexuality are inextricably linked. To believe in one true sexual or racial identity allows for a feeling of safety, as the aim is then find a definable, core sense of self; however, these three texts illustrate that a singular form of identity is insufficient at defining the complexity of human racial and sexual experiences.
WEESR, KHATHERINE. “Tu no Eres Nada de Dominicano”: Unnatural Narration and De-Naturalizing Gender Consruction in Junot Diaz’s The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao. “Journal Of Men’s Studies 22, no.2 (Spring2014 2014): 89-104. Academic Search Complete, EBSCOhost (accessed November 30,
Without the guidance of a father figure Yunior had to make his own life decisions. In contrast Beto who did have a father figure in his life stayed in school and can also be considered a foil character of Yunior. Both Beto and Yunior had similar lives when they were younger, they are both Dominican living in the same neighborhood with roughly the same income levels. The one difference between the two characters is their family dynamic. As seen at the start of the story Beto “hated everything about the neighborhood” (Diaz 504) which is why he was excited to go to college whereas Yunior believes he “wasn’t like [Beto]” (Diaz 504) and wanted to stay. Beto had a dad who is the breadwinner of his family whereas in Yunior’s family his mother is the breadwinner as their father left them. Diaz may be highlighting the importance of a father figure in this story as the two characters, Yunior and Beto, have vastly different futures. In their adolescence both character lead similar lifestyles of being trouble makers and committing petty crimes, the one difference being that Beto cared about school while Yunior did not. This may be due to Beto’s father suggesting that he should get a good education is he wants to be successful in the future. But Yunior not having a father figure and lacking maternal guidance which will be discussed later in the essay, does not care about his future and education instead he
"Your girl catches you cheating" (Diaz 1) and from the first line readers are thrown into the chauvinistic tendencies and sexist point of view of one Yunior de Las Casas. Readers are guided through Junot Diaz’s “The Cheaters Guide to Love” by the misogynist Yunior who sees women in an exclusively sexual sense, some of whom he does not even give the honor of naming. Feminists might look at Diaz's story and be skeptical of the themes presented, seeing as Yunior sexualizes and demeans all women. So then, how can readers understand the story to be anti-sexist if the only point of view presented in "The Cheater's Guide to Love" is a discriminatory one? The ultimate horizon for anyone with this much bottled up machismo is an empty sexual relationship with a parade of objectified women. Diaz, however, does not give Yunior the what the reader expects as his desired ending. He rather shows the reader that Yunior's behavior results in persistent unhappiness because what he really wants is a true human connection. Therefore, Diaz provides a sexist character
Through the personalities and narrative of Angela and her fiance Bayardo, the author introduces the foundation and builds the understanding of the Columbian sense of the machismo and the marianismo. Machismo is defined as strong or aggressive masculine pride, where men are allowed to have different partners. Women, on the other hand, are only allowed to have one partner and it cannot be outside of the marriage; it’s also a way for men to express their dominance over the women. For example, it was said that “No one would of thought, nor did anyone say, that Angela Vicario wasn’t a virgin… ‘The only thing I [Angela Vicario] prayed to God for was to give me the courage to kill myself’’’ (Marquez 37). This clearly tells the reader that Angela had failed to fulfill her culture 's expectation, because “no one” would 've thought that she “wasn’t a virgin” and now she is living in fear, similar to living beside a bomb, because you have no idea when the bomb is going to explode. She tried to pray for “courage” in order to kill herself because she knew when her family find out about the truth, either she or the man who took her virginity would end up dead. On the other hand, it was said that “...Bayardo San Roman was going to marry whomever he chose...‘love can be learned too.’”(Marquez 34). This quote serves as an example of the power and choice that an upper