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Compare Midsummer Night Dream to Romeo and Juliet
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The Exploration of Homosexuality in Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night and Midsummer Night’s Dream
Homosexuality in the twenty first century is a hotly regarded topic of discussion. The debate is consistently between whether homosexuality and the concept of bending genders should be readily accepted and deemed natural among human society, or quickly dismissed and deemed an unnatural atrocity of life. Both arguments, very distinct from one another, argue about the topic of morality. Generally, people from either party seem to think that the opposing side is heinous and rash in their decisions. Before the end of the 19th century, the topic was rarely discussed, and quickly dismissed. That isn’t to say, however, that homosexuality hasn’t been a prospect
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Among that, women are dressing up as though they were men, and other women falling in love with the disguised of the same sex. Antonio and Sebastian, however, have a relationships that is openly queered amongst all the confusion of the story. After rescuing Sebastian from a shipwreck, Sebastian hides beneath the pseudonym of Rodriguez, and decides to go among the court of Orsino. Although Antonio has enemies of that court, he refuses to let Sebastian go alone. He obviously risks his well being to stay with this man. He says, “If you will not murder me for my love, let me be your servant,” (2.1 31-32). Even from the beginning, Antonio vocally explains his homoerotic desire for Sebastian, sacrificing himself for the two to remain together. Rather than Sebastian quickly dismissing Antonio, he doesn’t even seem slightly hindered upon Antonio’s strongly expressed affection. By quickly skipping past the oddity of the queer feeling that one man has for the other, is Shakespeare’s way of displaying this as a normal happening. Sebastian, while he does not openly invite Antonio and at one point attempts to refuse him, he doesn’t audibly note the different affection that Antonio seems to have. Shakespeare is legitimizing homoerotic desire by purposely ignoring that it is could be any different from the social …show more content…
While the characters all end up in a relatively similar state to what they began in, the journey they go on is one of odd exchanges and differentiations in sexual desire. One could even say that they went through a learning experience, though the lesson seems to be muddled as they all pair off at the end of the play. Most specifically, although Helena seems to be dismayed that Demetrius has become smitten with Hermia, there are still homoerotic comments from one woman to another. In fact, Hermia spends much more time trying to find and control Helena’s fate than she does attempting to woo Demetrius. This, again, is a way to bend gender roles among Shakespeare’s plays. In this time period, generally the woman was subordinate to the man in a relationship, her fate and well being solely under the control of the husband. By Helena trying to control Hermia, which she does so by telling Demetrius about Hermia and Lysander’s plan to run away together, she exerting control over the inferior nature of Hermia. She explains, “I will go tell him of fair Hermia’s flight. Then to the wood will he tomorrow night pursue her,” (1.1 246-247). If it weren’t for Helena, there wouldn’t be all the confusion, and the story would have no base. Essentially, she is the puppet master of the story, and is entirely in control of the fate of Hermia. Shakespeare is bending the
In act two scene two Lysander continues to insult Hermia. For example in the book it states “ Content with Hermia? No, I do repent…” (2.2.118-120). This shows that Lysander wants Helena’s love, but he is trying to hard to get it. In act three scene two Helena finds that both Lysander and Demetrius are “mocking” her. For example in the book it states “ ...I pray you,though you mock me, gentlemen.” (3.2.314). This shows that Helena doesn’t believe that Demetrius and Lysander “love” her. Oberon and Lysander find it impossible to control love.
According to Bulman, some of the roles were given a male cast to the boys in the Elizabethan for the different people to have their sexual desires and imaginations raised. The writer holds that the gay culture was prevalent during that time period (Bulman 76). For those that were heterosexuals the boys would boost their imagination and grow in the story through the different uses of all-male casts. These casts were well prepared and the right amount of make-up ensured that they were set-up perfectly for the role. In Bulman’s article it is clear that he was taken by the different attributes of the society and the different productions of the plays in the Elizabethan period. The article highlights how the plays were conceptualized and acted out by the different productions (Bulman 75). It is important to note that there are different methods used with each raising its own significance and perception from a given cause of action identified by the production
Infatuation causes Helena to lose all sense of dignity, as can be seen when in the woods, she desperately pleads with Demetrius to ?but treat me as your spaniel?. Here, Helena also becomes irrational, obsessed with pursuing Demetrius, though it is obvious that Demetrius is fixated on winning Hermia?s hand in marriage. Helena?s infatuation also causes her to see things from a skewed perspective, for she falsely believes that when she divulges Hermia?s plans for eloping with Lysander, Demetrius? love for Helena will rekindle. As the audience, we know that the most probable course of action for Demetrius upon hearing such news is to pursue Lysander and Hermia, or to report them to Theseus or Egeus. Clearly, infatuation has clouded Helena?s ability to think clearly, and she sees things in her own idealistic way.
The relationship between Demetrius and Hermia is problematic, in that Demetrius is seeking the affections of Hermia, while she is in love with Lysander. However, Hermia’s father approves of Demetrius and tries to force her to marry him, but Hermia refuses because of her love for Lysander (A Midsummer Night’s Dream 1.1.22-82). Lysander points out the flaw in the situation through this comment, “You have her father 's love, Demetrius –/Let me have Hermia 's. Do you marry him,” (A Midsummer Night’s Dream 1.1.93-94). The second flawed relationship is between Lysander and Helena, as a result of an enchantment put on Lysander that made him fall in love with Helena. Helena does not want the affections of Lysander, but rather the love of Demetrius, and believes that Lysander is taunting her. In addition, this relationship creates tensions because Hermia is in love with Lysander (A Midsummer Night’s Dream 2.2.109-140). Both relationships are not desirable due to a lack of mutual admiration and the creation of non-peaceful and unsatisfying
The views on women in this play are shown through Hermia’s recklessness, Helena’s desperation, and Hippolyta’s hypocritical behavior. The women in this era of when Shakespeare wrote this play were subservient to men and had no will and choice of their own. This included marriages that were usually arranged by a powerful male relative instead of giving the woman the opportunity of choosing a husband that she loved. First, Helena was a woman who chased after men. She contradicts her gender by breaking society’s rules. Helena even says, “We cannot fight for love, as men may do; we should be woo’d and were not made to woo” (Rogers, 1998, Act 2, Scene 1, 241-242). Second, Hermia disobeys her father and cannot decide on marriage. She is disrespectful towards her father’s commands. Hermia goes on to say, “I do entreat your grace to pardon me. I know not by what power I am bold” (Rogers, 1998, Act 1, Scene 1, 58-59). Lastly, we have Hippolyta who pretends to love King Theseus and is a liar. She stands by through the oppression of different women in the play. Although, Hippolyta shows dominance in her words. “Four days will quickly steep themselves in night; four nights will quickly dream away time” (Rogers, 1998, Act 1, Scene 1, 6). We see the King’s impatience at having Hippolyta, but Hippolyta has the control and patience. “Hippolyta, I wooed thee with my sword, And won thy love,
Helena was the younger sister of Hermia. It often bothered her that her sister got all the attention, and she even want it. Helena was madly in love with Demetrius, However Demetrius was arranged to marry Hermia. Helena truly believe she was not good enough, and could not understand why Demetrius did now want
Homosexuality is a sensitive topic and often avoided in conversation. For centuries the human race has oppressed and persecuted others strictly because they are gay, lesbian, bisexual etc. Although disturbing to most of us, these actions still occur in our society today, as many believe that homosexuality is abnormal and disgraceful. One supporter of this belief is Michael Levin, who strongly believes that homosexuality is highly abnormal and thus, undesirable. Although his beliefs and theories supporting this claim are subjective, there is evidence that can support his stance on this topic; we will analyze this claim in further detail and how it relates to his other views mentioned in this essay.
...ed for Antonio to come off as being homosexual or if our modern general definition of homosexuality has influenced how we view Antonio. However, Shakespeare’s plays always seem to have shocking themes that are not meant to be seen without a close analysis. This analysis is able to prove why Shakespeare chose the word “ love” over any other word in order to invoke a certain homosexual feeling regarding Antonio and Bassanio’s relationship. Through this art of placing themes that Shakespeare uses, it is easy to see how homosexuality was intended to be placed as an underlying theme of The Merchant of Venice.
with her feelings towards Demetrius (A2S1) and the fact that the two men love Hermia, whilst Helena is left with no one for herself.
Demetrius, Helena, Lysander, and Hermia are the for young teens of the story. At the beginning of the play it is Lysander and Helena who are madly in love, and are planning to to escape from Athens to elope. Helena is in love with Demetrius, and Demetrius cared for Helena and liked her a lot but was not in love with her. As soon as Demetrius sees Hermia he immediately stops having any feelings for Helena whatsoever and is deeply in love with Hermia. Demetrius thought that he had fallen in love at first sight, but Helena was determined to show him differently. Demetrius: ³ Tempt not too much the hatred of my spirit,/ For I am sick when I do look on thee.² Helena: ³And I am sick when I look not on you.² (Act II, sc. i, lines 218-220) This piece of dialogue shows how much Demetrius is now in love with Hermia from just seeing her, and how disgusted he feels when he looks upon Helena who he used to care about. Helena is simply just expressing how much she is love with Demetrius and how bad she feels that he is treating her in such a manner of hatred.
There is a certain degree of expectation with the genre of comedy that despite whatever difficulties appear within the play, by the end these will be resolved and the play will have a traditional happy-ending with a marriage or a celebration in the final scene. The “Twelfth Night” is no exception to this rule. Despite problems of confused identities and sexualities, the play ends with marriage for the major characters because they “have learned enough about their own foolishness to accept it wisely, and their reward, as it should be, is marriage.”(Schwartz 5140). There is a resolution of harmony to a certain extent and an endorsement of romantic love yet despite the happiness evident in the last scene, there are many elements in the play that causes the audience to wonder whether the happiness is forced or genuine. The words of a departing Malvolio, “I’ll be revenged on the whole pack you.”(Twelfth Night 5.1.365) leads to a conflict being unresolved. The marriage of Olivia and Sebastian also leads the audience to question whether Shakespeare has pushed the limitations of comedy to far, as Olivia marries Sebastian who she believes to Cesario and whose identity is only revealed after. The appearance of Antonio in the last scene also casts a sombre ambience over events; he is not united with the one he loves though he was willing to sacrifice his life for what he believed to Sebastian’s safety. The last discourse of the play from Festes once again returns to the melancholic mood that was apparent in the opening and it is this mood that remains with the audience.
Antonio is so mesmerized by Sebastian’s beauty that he states, “If you will not murder me for my love, let me be your servant” (2.1.35).Antonio is becoming obsessed with Sebastian and cannot stand the idea of not spending time with him, that he begs him to let him be his servant so he can accompany Sebastian and serve him in any way possible. His desire to serve Sebastian comes from his obsession with him. Antonio extreme obsession for Sebastian stems from the Elizabethan connection between good looks and a good soul. Sebastian tries to prevent this firm devotion but pleads with Antonio: “Crave[s] of [his] leave, that [he] may bear [his] evils alone”(2.1.5-6).(Insert Analysis for the previous quote). Sebastian advises Antonio to “Fare ye well at once”(2.1.39) in an effort to prevent him any injury that Sebastian’s venture might bring. After hearing this Antonio is still adamant about attending Orsino’s court as well; “B...
The sexual orientation of a person has been a critical debate over the past several centuries. For several...
Gays have been around for a very long time, they have always been here and they will always be here no matter what. According to Aldrich’s study, “’homosexuality’ as a term did not emerge until the 19th century” (14). Homosexuality may not have emerged until the 19th
Helena appears to be a more timid,quiet,low self-esteem,whinny and a girl with zero confidence. Hermia is the complete opposite of Helena because she is lough,arrogant,headstrong,bold and a girl with a lot of confidence. Hermia's personality traits are first shown in act 1 scene 1 when Theseus questions her obedience to her father and when he persuades her to think about Demetrius in which Hermia stands her ground and refuses to obey either her father or even the Duke of Athens Theseus. This shows the arrogant,bold side of Hermia as she won’t listen to the two men and is also taking a big risk just show she can be with Lysander. It can also be argued that Hermia displayed a lot of confidence in this scene, because back then where the plays time setting is supposed to take place,it took a lot of guts for people, especially women to argue and refuse to listen to the Duke back then. On the other hand, Helena has shown the opposite of each of these personalities that are possessed by Hermia. Helena is shown be a lot different because, during the first act and scene,she is shown to pout when Hermia calls her fair as a compliment and greeting.She is shown to have a low self-esteem by the fact that just because Demetrius likes Hermia more than her, she comes to the conclusion that she is inferior to the smaller girl. An example