The Zapatista Revolt Against NeoLiberalism
In the 1630’s Mayans living in the northern part of Guatemala organized in a secretive village-by-village basis and mounted an attack against the Spanish colonial rule. They drove the Colonizers out of the area and it took almost fifty years for the Spanish to reclaim it [i] . Over 350 years later the Mexican government woke up on January 1st 1994 to news of an indigenous guerilla uprising in the southern part of Mexico. Mayans had been secretly organizing, much in the same way as the 1630 revolt, and had formed the Zapatista National Liberation Army (EZLN). This new Zapatista movement took its name from Emilio Zapata, a famous champion of indigenous rights. On January first, the day of NAFTA’s implementation, the EZLN rose up and captured the city of San Cristbal de las Casas and several villages in the surrounding area. In the span of eleven days they were able to take hold of more land than many other guerrilla movements, such as the FMLN in El Salvador, had done in years.
However, the Zapatista’s did not act like most other guerilla movements. They were not interested in seizing state power nor did their revolt take on ethnic tones. Instead they claimed to be fighting for freedom, democracy and autonomy. The communities it works for democratically controlled the army itself. The attack occurred because the communities it serves decided it should happen. Soon after the seizure of the villages in Chiapas the Zapatistas decided to stop attacking and instead go into negotiations with the government. On the Zapatistas side open conflict only lasted 12 days [ii] , though the government has broken the peace several times. So the question is why did this revolt occur and what is the ...
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...xxiii] ibid 191
[xxiv] Otero, 8
[xxv] Peter Rosset, First World, 165
[xxvi] Rosset and Cunningham, “Understanding”
[xxvii] ibid
[xxviii] Foodfirst.org, “Myths of the Free Trade Area of the Americas Agreement”
[xxix] Harvey, 164
[xxx] Chiapaslink, 15
[xxxi] Chiapaslink, 9
[xxxii] Ross, “Bush’s War on International Terrorism Fixes the Zapatistas in its Sights,”
[xxxiii] Veltmeyer, “The Dynamics of Social Change and Mexico’s EZLN”
[xxxiv] ibid
[xxxv] Harvey, 202
[xxxvi] Sullivan, “Seething South Of the Border”
[xxxvii] Rosset and Cunningham, “Understanding”
[xxxviii] Veltmeyer, “The Dynamics of Social Change and Mexico’s EZLN”
[xxxix] ibid
[xl] Weinberg, “Bio-Piracy in Chiapas”
[xli] Harvey, 8
[xlii] Mora, “The EZLN and the Indigeno us Autonomous Municipalities,”
[xliii] Chiapaslink, 23
[xliv] ibid, 24
Rigoberta Menchu, a Quiche Indian woman native to Guatemala, is a recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize for politically reaching out to her country and her people. In her personal testimony tittled “I, Rigoberta Menchu” we can see how she blossomed into the Nobel Prize winner she is today. Following a great deal in her father’s footsteps, Rigoberta’s mobilization work, both within and outside of Guatemala, led to negotiations between the guerillas and the government and reduced the army power within Guatemala. Her work has helped bring light to the strength of individuals and citizen organization in advocacy and policy dialogue on the world scale. In a brief summary of the book I will explore why Rigoberta Menchu is important to Guatemalan development, what she did, and how she helped her people overcome the obstacles thrown their way.
...Morelos seemed at a permanent stalemate. Carranza knew that he could never fully take Mexico while Zapata was still alive and in charge of his army. To rid himself of his enemy, Carranza devised a trap. A letter had been intercepted in which Zapata invited a colonel of the Mexican army who had shown leanings toward his cause to meet and join forces. This colonel, Jesús Guajardo, under the threat of being executed as a traitor, pretended to agree to meet Zapata and defect to his side. On Thursday, April 10, 1919, Zapata walked into Carranza's trap as he met with Guajardo in the town of Chinameca. There, at 2:10 PM, Zapata was shot and killed by federal soldiers, and as the man Zapata hit the ground, dead instantly, the legend of Zapata reached its climax. Carranza did not achieve his goal by killing Zapata. On the contrary, in May of 1920, Álvaro Obregón, one of Zapata's right-hand men, entered the capital with a large fighting force of Zapatistas, and after Carranza had fled, formed the seventy-third government in Mexico's history of independence. In this government, the Zapatistas played an important role, especially in the Department of Agriculture. Mexico was finally at peace.
Bauer, K. Jack. “Mexican War,” Handbook of Texas Online, last modified June 15, 2010, accessed May 2, 2014, https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/qdm02
Gleijeses Piero. Shattered Hope The Guatemalan Revolution and The United States, 1944-1954. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991.
From the time of its colonization at the hands of Spanish Conquistadors in the early 1500’s, Guatemala has suffered under the oppression of dictator after dictator. These dictators, who ruled only with the support of the military and only in their own interests, created a form of serfdom; by 1944, two percent of the people owned 70 percent of the usable land. The Allies’ victory in WWII marked democracy’s triumph over dictatorship, and the consequences shook Latin America. Questioning why they should support the struggle for democracy in Europe and yet suffer the constraints of dictatorship at home, many Latin Americans rallied to democratize their own political structures. A group of prominent middle–class Brazilians opposed to the continuation of the Vargas dictatorship mused publicly, “If we fight against fascism at the side of the United Nations so that liberty and democracy may be restored to all people, certainly we are not asking too much in demanding for ourselves such rights and guarantees.”
Tradition is huge in small towns and families and allows for unity through shared values, stories, and goals from one generation to the next. Shirley Jackson’s “The Lottery” carries that theme of tradition. The story follows a small town that performs the tradition of holding an annual lottery in which the winner gets stoned to death. It (tradition) is valued amongst human societies around the world, but the refusal of the villagers in “The Lottery” to let go of a terrifying long-lasting tradition suggests the negative consequences of blindly following these traditions such as violence and hypocrisy.
The famous civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. once said: “The ultimate tragedy is not the oppression and cruelty by the bad people but the silence over that by the good people,” capturing the main message of the short story “The Lottery,” by Shirley Jackson, perfectly, because of the themes of peer pressure and tradition present throughout the story. In this story, the people of a small village gather for their annual tradition, a lottery, in which one person is picked at random out of a box containing each of the villagers’ names. The village, which is not specifically named, seems like any other historic village at first, with the women gossiping, the men talking, and the children playing, but soon takes a sinister turn when it is revealed that the “winner” of the lottery is not truly a winner at all; he or she is stoned to death by everyone else in the village. The purpose in this is not directly mentioned in the text, and the reader is left to wonder about the message the story is trying to convey. But there is no purpose; instead, the lottery is meant as a thinly veile...
There was a huge revolution in the country of Mexico that started in the year 1910, led by Porfirio Diaz, the president of Mexico in 1910. In the 1860’s Diaz was important to Mexican politics and then was elected president in 1877. Diaz said that he would only be president for one year and then would resign, but after four years he was re-elected as the President of Mexico. Porfirio Diaz and the Mexican revolution had a huge impact on the country of Mexico that is still felt in some places today.
The Mexican Revolution began November 20th, 1910. It is disputable that it extended up to two decades and seized more than 900,000 lives. This revolution, however, also ended dictatorship in Mexico and restored the rights of farm workers, or peons, and its citizens. Revolutions are often started because a large group of individuals want to see a change. These beings decided to be the change that they wanted to see and risked many things, including their lives. Francisco “Pancho” Villa and Emiliano Zapata are the main revolutionaries remembered. These figures of the revolution took on the responsibility that came with the title. Their main goal was to regain the rights the people deserved. The peons believed that they deserved the land that they labored on. These workers rose up in a vehement conflict against those opposing and oppressing them. The United States was also significantly affected by this war because anybody who did not want to fight left the country and migrated north. While the end of the revolution may be considered to be in the year of 1917 with the draft of a new constitution, the fighting did not culminate until the 1930’s.
... potatoes’ that you must handle before you say ‘I do’ include your interests, hobbies, expectations, dreams, aspirations as well as matters of sex and how you will deal with your in-laws.
The assignment research objectives were (a) to gain insight into securing strategic partnerships in the information technology (IT) arena; (b) to understand the choices made to reduce information and security risks by exploring the different outsourcing techniques, and; (c) to understand how business process associated with outsourcing will stimulate awareness on how the process is interlinked with human behaviors. The topics covered include an evaluation of the specifications of information security consultants to become strategic partners assisting in the reduction of information or security risks, an examination of four factors that were omitted in the specifications that add value to the selection process, and an explanation of the value of the four factors.
The Zapatista movement began on New Year’s Day in 1994, the day the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was to go into...
Many experiments have proved that the Earth will witness number of wildfires; the cyclones will become more severe, increase in number of drought prone regions, reduction in precipitation and ultimately rise in extreme
In Shirley Jackson’s short story “The Lottery,” Jackson uses the third-person objective to tell the tale of an anonymous village with a dark secret. By telling the story through an unknown narrator, Jackson is able to accord the reader with an unbiased and detailed description of the village’s performance of an annual ritual on June 27th. The realistic and unbiased description allows the reader to connect to the overall theme that people do not want to rid of tradition because they fear a dreadful outcome. Jackson provides the characters with limited knowledge on the origin of the lottery, allowing the reader to draw his or her own inferences. All the while, Jackson provides details about other villages
In addition, central bank should get the financial institutions notify them of any projects aiming outsourcing. After having examined the situation...