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Impacts of viking invasions in europe
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Impacts of viking invasions in europe
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The Vikings
Typically, the image of a Viking is a barbaric, bearded man plundering and destroying a neighboring village. This is actually the stereotypical viewpoint. In actuality, Vikings, have a very different image. For example, Vikings did not wear furry boots or furry armor, they did not have horned helmets, they invaded Britain, and they also were the first to discover America! They were also experts in nautical technology, crafts, trading, warfare and many other skills (Jonsson 1). With all of these traits, the Vikings seem like an unstoppable force in the European continent. But, who were the Vikings? The Vikings were actually venturesome seafarers. This means that they were travelers who were constantly exploring and looking for new areas of land. There roots can be traced all the way back to 6000 B.C. were nomadic men traveled in primitive crafts up the Denmark coast. Fast forward two millennia and these nomadic people have established permanent homes, but still using the boat for food and travel. As stated before, they were not just raiders, although they did do this frequently, but they were actually expert traders, trading all around the world. It wasn’t until around 793 A.D. that a Viking explosion took place in northern Europe (Jonsson 2). Raids began to take place on neighboring villages and their places of worship. To some this is the only type of knowledge they have about Vikings. However, their culture was something to be admired. Trading, religion, and everyday life are all important parts of a Viking culture.
Trading was a critical part to the culture life of a Viking. This task brought in many important goods that the Vikings needed to live an ordinary life. The Vikings were the international tradesmen of their time. In Constantinople (Istanbul) they traded silk and spices for slaves that they had brought from Russia. They Amber they found in the Baltic area and they brought furs, skins, and walrus tusk ivory to the trading towns in Western Europe from the northern parts of the world such as Greenland. The Vikings founded trading cities in Scandinavia such as Birka, Ribe, Hedeby and Skiringsal. In Ireland they founded terrific trade in Dublin and, in England, they made the city of York flourish to become the most important trading town outside of London (La Fay 149-150). At a time when old trade routes between east and west thro...
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...of goods with the Vikings. In everyday life, every one of us is in search of the right food, the best and warmest clothing, and the perfect place to live. Religion is still important to the American people, just like it was to the Vikings way back then. And even today, the American people exchange goods through the use of trading. However, in the present, we use plenty of money to get the supplies we need to survive. The Vikings culture can be seen as a way of survival. If they didn’t work hard enough to get the items they needed to survive, they would die off. So, the Vikings were more than a bunch of wild men running around northern England destroying cities and killing people. They strived to lead a healthy life to the fullest extent possible during their time. Many people in northern England who are descendants of the Vikings are proud to be a progeny of such a dominant and prestigious culture.BIBILIOGRAPHY
Works Cited
La Fay, Howard. The Vikings: Washington, D.C., National Geographic
Society, 1972
Jensen, Ole Klindt. The World of the Vikings: London, England. Berne
Convention, 1967
Wernick, Robert. The Vikings: Morristown, New Jersey. Time-Life Books
Inc. 1979
Upon first encountering one another, the vikings and the natives of Scotland often experienced violent confrontation. However, through the passage of time they contributed in shaping each other in equal and sometimes opposite measure. There are several hypotheses that describe the details of the first viking-indigenous interactions.1 Out of the many propositions, two theories appear most often. The first asserts that the vikings set up an earldom and thenceforth ruled over the native Scottish population. Sometimes this earldom is portrayed as peaceful, at other times more violent. The second proposition asserts that a genocide took place in which the vikings eliminated and replaced the native people.2 The evidence for either model is contradictory and variably justifiable. The best explanation therefore is a syntheses of both hypotheses. Namely, that both earldom and genocide took place in different circumstances. Bands of viking ships were often federations, and as such individual rulers within the federation must have had some measure of latitude. In some areas viking captains completely exterminated the indigenous people they found. In other instances, the leaders simply subjugated the people they encountered. In areas where the local population were left alive they influenced the Scandinavian settlers in terms of religion and material culture to different degrees. Conversely, the viking presence in Scotland forced the native inhabitants to become more militant and politically united.3 Furthermore, the natives eventually adopted parts of Scandinavian language, material culture, and custom as well.
...for showing social influences, particularly when assessing naval power, is the Gokstad burial. In 1880 a merchant ship was discovered in Gokstad, the importance of this was that a clearly powerful man chose to be buried with his merchant ship. It was also commonplace to find such things as weighing scales buried alongside their owners. This highlighted the social importance placed upon trade in a society so often characterised by violence and raiding. It also shows the importance placed upon ships as Kings, Chieftains and important woman were often buried with them. Other examples of religion playing a major role in influencing Vikings abroad are when monasteries and religious centres were targeted for raiding, while some have said that it was due to the riches they possessed, others have argued that the Vikings sought to undermine ‘West European Christianity’.
Each different frontier had a different affect on people and the way they lived life. The trading frontier created and established good and bad relationships with the natives. The Norsemen, Vespuccius, Verraconi, Hudson, and John Smith all trafficked furs and other goods to Native Americans. They trafficked goods all the way from Maine to Georgia, which then led to the opening of river courses to trade farther in the continent. After getting involved in the trading, native power was being undermined by making them dependent on the whites "Turner p.25".
The Viking Raids began in 793 AD, when Scandinavian Norsemen explored Europe for its oceans and rivers for trade. The Vikings attacked the Christian monastery at Lindisfarne in Northumbri. The Vikings were very smart about how and when they attacked. The Vikings used a variety of weapons when they fought, such as swords and axes. The Battle of Stamford Bridge ended the Viking raids.
Vikings They lived with a different lifestyle then other religions, always on the move, adjusting to climates, doing what it took to not just survive but also attempt conquering during the medieval times of Scandinavia. The present day countries of Norway, Sweden, and Denmark made up Scandinavia. The Norsemen first made a name for themselves around 750 for their bloody, violent raids in Europe. Norsemen and Northern men are other names for Vikings. The Vikings took advantage of their unique ways of survival and daily life techniques to new heights during the Viking Age.
All throughout Scandinavian history and mythology, the prominence of weapons has not gone unnoticed by historians and scholars. The vikings, who were sea raiders, valued weaponry because of their positions as raiders. To the vikings, weapons were a part of everyday life, and every person had to have knowledge on how to use them. One could tell how much the Vikings valued their weapons by looking to the gods they worshipped and the stories they told. Tyr, Odin, and Thor were all gods of war; Beowulf, Sigurd, and Helgi were all great warriors. In fact, much of Scandinavian mythology and literature includes weapons all throughout its stories.
It is widely accepted that the Viking raids started at around C. 780 and lasted until the year 1020. The first recorded raid on the British Isles occurred in 789 when three ships from Hordaland (modern Norway) landed on the southern coast of Wessex. The exact reason behind this raid and the many others that followed cannot be put down to one particular reason as a number of factors contributed to the presence of the Viking invasions. In order to be able to assess whether Gold or Land acted as the primary reason behind the Vikings actions it is important to look at both motives thoroughly and additionally examine other enabling factors that have been put forward such as religion and various technological advances. By looking at other supporting
The Vikings were a group of Scandinavian raiders that were around from about the 8th century to the 11th. They mainly attacked the British Islands , the Frankish empire, England, but they also plundered places such as the Iberian peninsula and northern Africa. Vikings did not always settle into the places that they found, for instance after exploring North America they left the place never to return again. Even so, after landing on Greenland they colonized themselves there, and ancestors of the Vikings still live there today. So now that you know a little about the history of the Vikings lets go into detail about the specifics of the Viking age. (Peter Sawyer, Oxford Ill. History of the Vikings p. 1-19)
The fur trade that occurred between the Native Americans of the North East and the European settlers, amongst the many other items and goods that were traded and exchanged, such as: maize, squash, tomatoes, moccasins and tobacco is one that had grave societal consequences for the Eastern Woodland peoples and the various Native Americans throughout the continent as a whole. The ways in which their society operated and many of the ideas and materials that the Europeans exchanged permeated Native life and deeply effected and changed them forever. When Henry Hudson sailed up the river later named in his honor, he was astonished at the natural wealth that lay before him. The trees and hills were full of life and when he met the local inhabitants
After the ice age, the first humans arrived, in around 9,000 BC, due to the area being warm enough. Most Swedes were hunters, and eventually farming came around in 4,000 BC. After 2,000 BC, bronze was introduced. In about 500 BC, iron was also introduced. This was also when the Swedes got in contact with the Romans. The Swedes and the Romans very often traded with each other, with things such as metals, gems, fur, slaves, and other luxuries. After that, in around the 9th century, the viking era began. While the Norwegians and the Danes invaded and raided Western Europe, the Swedish vikings were more interested in trading. They crossed the West and sailed seas. Sweden was very agricultural and was divided into three parts, with the slaves and/or thralls. Above them were the freemen, and above the freemen were jarls or earls, though by the 9th century, Sweden became one kingdom. Sadly, the kings were
Children didn’t have much of a role, just more of what they did for pastimes and how parents treated them. Viking babies were given a Thor’s hammer charm to protect them from sickness and evil spirits. The passing down of names was common with Viking culture, girls generally got their mother or grandmother’s name passed down to them, and boys generally got their father’s names passed down to them. Once the children were old enough to help out they went with their father or mother to work and learned from them how to do each job. Since Viking children didn’t go to school they were taught in stories and songs, which taught them morals and general knowledge. Once children reached the age of 15 or 16, they were considered an adult which meant they would get married. Girls fathers usually chose their daughters husbands. Sadly, 30 - 40% of children died before they reached adulthood, due to disease,
The Viking Era begins around 800 A.D., a bit earlier, and ends slowly between the years 1000 and 1066 A.D. In 1066, the Norwegian King Harald Hardrada, whom I discussed earlier, attempted to regain the English throne, which a Viking ancestor had briefly occupied, and was defeated by the Saxon King of England, Harold II. Thenceforth, the Vikings never again threatened
The word “Vikings” conjures up a very specific and powerful image in the minds of those who hear it. An European from the eighth to mid-eleventh century would be struck with fear for Vikings were known as pillagers and barbarians that killed everything they saw (Magnússon, Magnús). Unlike today, when one hears “Viking” the image of a strong, rugged man with a horned helmet and a giant sword might come to mind. With many myths and fantastic stories, many historians and archaeologists have gone into the study of Vikings to find the truth. Rudolf Pörnter is a German historian and author of many books on the Holy Roman Empire and the Romans. F. D. Logan has a doctorate in Medieval Studies and was Professor of History at Emmanuel College, now Professor
Vikings are fascinating. Though this is not a strong thesis, it is a true statement, one that will hopefully be backed up as I argue the actual thesis of this paper. Vikings have been immortalized in popular culture, inspiring everything from operas and classic fantasy novels to video games and Swedish death metal bands. Clearly the Vikings have an appeal to them rivaled by few other people groups throughout history. I can safely say that I have always found Vikings and their culture profoundly interesting, and a chance to learn more about them was not something I was going to pass up.