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Theme of love in literature
Love in virgils aeneid
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Love is like a bright star — twinkling, magical, and often times the only sign of light in an otherwise dark expanse, a mechanism against the banalities of everyday life. Yet, like the L.A. smog that engulfs the glowing, shimmering celestial bodies from a hungry viewer’s eyes, love is also potentially all-encompassing, blinding, and tragic. For centuries, bards, poets, storytellers, and artists across all spectrums have dedicated their work to capturing both the darkest corners and most luminous windows of love, which has in turn captivated peoples’ hearts and imaginations like a spell that spans generations. Yet the tales of lovers lost and lovers scorned, the ones bearing the most forlorn and woeful storylines, have made the most lasting
Dido, the powerful Queen of Carthage, is quite literally struck by Cupid’s arrow per the request of Venus and reduced to the state of a lovesick girl infatuated with Aeneas, a Trojan hero whose own life carries immense tragedy due to the fall of Troy. As Juno describes in lines 101 and 102, “Dido’s burning with passion, and she’s drawn the madness into her very bones.” She pursues a romance with Aeneas at the cost of her own reputation, as she had previously sworn she would remain faithful to the memory of her husband. The pair consummate their relationship in a cave outside of wedlock, but shortly after, Jupiter sends Mercury to remind Aeneas that it is not his destiny to remain in Carthage with Dido, but to travel to Italy and birth his empire. Aeneas reluctantly leaves, despite Dido’s desperate pleas for him to stay. Any sense of duty Dido has as a queen to her people is wiped out, as she is blind with passion and heartbreak. In true tragic form, she kills herself as a result of Aeneas’s departure, stabbing herself with a sword on top of a funeral pyre. Ovid’s telling is significantly less detailed, but holds the same results: the burning, ardent love between Aeneas and Dido ends with Aeneas’s departure and Dido’s haste suicide. In other words,
In The Aeneid there are rich implemented principles such as fate, discipline, and competition which greatly influenced the Roman empire causing it’s rise from obedience to the principles as well as it’s fall from disobedience. Virgil lived during the dawn of the rising sRoman empire, and his book was a catalyst to the greatness that grew within the nation. The Aeneid focused around the principle that fate’s power and dominance overrule human life, which in turn would bring indolence or proactivity depending on the individual’s capacity. Although fate can easily be ripped down as a belief it did many great things for the Romans whether it is real or not. Unfortunately the themes of deceit and trickery also crept into the book’s contents, which
Dido’s emotions have caused her to act like a wounded animal, not thinking about the consequences of her own actions. By being reduced to an animal, Dido has lost all rational thought. Consequently, Dido’s lack of rational thought causes her to begin to ignore other duties she has to fulfill. After she falls in love with Aeneas, Dido disregards the vow that she made to her suitors.
In his Confessions, Augustine relates that, in his school years, he was required to read Virgil’s Aeneid. The ill-fated romance of Aeneas and Dido produced such an emotional effect on him. Augustine says that Virgil’s epic caused him to forget his own “wanderings” (Augustine 1116). He wept over Dido’s death, but remained “dry-eyed to [his] own pitiful state” (Augustine 1116 – 7). Augustine later rejects literature and theater because he believes that they distract the soul from God. Nonetheless, Augustine shares many of the same experience as the characters in the Aeneid. Augustine discovers that love can be destructive, just as it was for Dido. Both Aeneas and Augustine of them give up love for the sake of duty. Aeneas leaves Dido to fulfill his calling given by the gods. Augustine ends his lustful affairs in order that he may devote himself to his God.
In Virgil’s The Aeneid, there are many parallels found in Homer’s The Odyssey. In each epic, the heroes, Aeneas and Odysseus, are on a journey “home.” Aeneas is on the search of a new home for he and his companions to settle since Troy has been destroyed, Odysseus on the other hand is attempting to return to his home he left years earlier to fight the Trojan War. They both have Gods against them and helping them, both Aeneas and Odysseus are both held back by women, both voluntary and involuntarily, and they both have experiences visiting the Underworld. Despite these similarities, there are differences between the two characters and it reflects their values and the society they live in. Aeneas relies on his strength as a warrior, where as Odysseus uses his deception to survive which reflects how Aeneas is truly Roman is versus Greek.
It is clear when reading the Aeneid that Virgil was familiar with the earlier works of Homer, The Iliad and The Odyssey. Virgil, more than just being aware of these earlier works, uses themes and ideas from these poems in his own. Far more than just copying scenes and ideas, Virgil expands and alters these themes to better tell his story, unique from the Greek originals he is drawing from. Virgil reveals what qualities he regards as heroic through the juxtaposition of Aeneas’ character and the negative aspects of the underworld. By looking at which qualities are esteemed and derided respectively, we can identify the qualities that Virgil would like to emphasize positively to his readers. Also, we can argue that Virgil is indeed trying to convey a particular set or morals to those readers. Beyond the underworld, it is possible to clearly identify these traits in the other sections of the poem where Virgil is borrowing and making his own alterations. Using these distinctions we can very clearly derive Virgil's morality from the poem, and see where Virgil's ideal characters veer away from the Greek ideal that came before.
The Lais of Marie de France is a compilation of short stories that delineate situations where love is just. Love is presented as a complex emotion and is portrayed as positive, while at other times, it is portrayed as negative. The author varies on whether or not love is favorable as is expressed by the outcomes of the characters in the story, such as lovers dying or being banished from the city. To demonstrate, the author weaves stories that exhibit binaries of love. Two distinct types of love are described: selfish and selfless. Love is selfish when a person leaves their current partner for another due to covetous reasons. Contrarily, selfless love occurs when a lover leaves to be in a superior relationship. The stark contrast between the types of love can be analyzed to derive a universal truth about love.
...Aeneas we can see that it also lures out the destructive forces that are rooted within the human soul. This then causes an individual’s upper and lower soul to engage in a platonic battle until the internal suffering experience by the individual is so great they can no longer cope. All of these traits caused Dido’s love to be transformed into furor. Her madness did not allow her to understand that Aeneas was not leaving of his own free will, and was only leaving to fulfill his preordained destiny. Her emotional instability did not allow her to successfully manage the internal war raging within her. It is because of her inability to handle these emotions that she turned against herself and violently ended her life when she realized that her lover was no longer go to be with her forever. Just as Dido’s love began in flames, so too did her love and life end.
Dido is portrayed as a strong and independent character through her successful founding and ruling of Carthage. However, Venus commands Cupid to “breathe [his] flame of poison” (I. 688) on Dido. Dido develops a passion that is “an unseen flame gnaw[ing]” (IV.2) at her. The flame illustrates the intense emotions Dido feels for Aeneas. Aeneas and Dido consummate their love in a cave, causing Dido to assume they are married. Unfortunately for Dido, Aeneas must follow his fate to Italy and leave Dido in Carthage. “Now [Dido] must called [Aeneas] guest instead of husband” (IV. 324). However, Aeneas declares he “never made a pack of marriage” (IV.339) with Dido. This fuels her hatred of him even more. Dido does not have the emotional stability to live without Aeneas. During his confession, Dido admits “hot madness” (IV.376) consumes her and the connections between fire and fury is
The Symposium, The Aeneid, and Confessions help demonstrate how the nature of love can be found in several places, whether it is in the mind, the body or the soul. These texts also provide with eye-opening views of love as they adjust our understanding of what love really is. By giving us reformed spectrum of love, one is able to engage in introspective thinking and determine if the things we love are truly worthy of our sentiment.
Although love is interpreted as a wonderful thing it can also ruin someone's life, “Love is a trap. When is appears, we see only its light, not its shadows.” (Paulo Coelho) Love doesn’t fix people it breaks them asunder. It waits and waits for its next target to make a mistake and ruin everything they worked for. As seen in various works including; “The Raven” , Romeo and Juliet, and “The Gift of the Magi”. Romantic love is a force that inflicts pain upon those who believe in it or those who have been through it.
Time and again, history has created a star-crossed couple that overcomes all obstacles through the strength of love. Whether it is from Pyramus and Thisbe, Romeo and Juliet, or Jack and Rose, the only possibility to separate the couple is the death of one or both individuals. Love is defined in these relationships as fighting against all odds, class, society, and even family, in order to be with their loved one. While these stories may be fictional, history has presented a real case of star-crossed “lovers”, Peter Abelard and Heloise. This couple went to little length to fight society in trying to establish a relationship with one another. Although considered a love story to some, a relationship founded on lust, inability to fight for marriage, and union to the church, shatters the illusion of romance and shows the relationship for what it truly is, a lackluster liaison.
Her confession then confirms that Desdemona was faithful and did not deserve to die and as a result she shows one that love can be foolish and naïve. Her love and loyalty to Iago causes her to deceive her friend and this ends with both women being killed because the love they possessed for too foolish men. Othello is responsible for murdering Desdemona; Iago is
Some may say love is just an emotion while others may say it is a living and breathing creature. Songs and poems have been written about love for hundreds and thousands of years. Love has been around since the beginning of time, whether someone believes in the Big Bang or Adam and Eve. Without love, there wouldn’t be a world like it is known today. But with love, comes pain with it. Both William Shakespeare and Max Martin know and knew this. Both ingenious poets wrote love songs of pain and suffering as well as blossoming, newfound love. The eccentric ideal is both writers were born centuries apart. How could both know that love and pain work hand in hand when they were born 407 years apart? Love must never change then. Love survives and stays its original self through the hundreds and thousands of years it has been thriving. Though centuries apart, William Shakespeare and Max Martin share the same view on love whether i...
Oftentimes, the idea of romance between people is greatly misunderstood. The never-ending thoughts and concepts about falling head over heels to someone have always been significant—and most of the time, people, no matter what their position in the society is, find themselves wondering about the possibilities of finding their own soulmate. In William Shakespeare’s “Romeo and Juliet,” the poet tells a tragic love story about two young lovers. A story that depicts one’s emotions and how relationships among people are vastly influenced by their impulsive
Virgil depicts the Gods as innocent. When in fact, they were manipulators. Juno and Venus came together to play match maker with Dido and Aeneas. By sending the two to go hunting. Dido and Aeneas find a cave and in that cave, they have sex. Dido thinks she is married to Aeneas now. Dido characteristics is showing vulnerability. She is so confused as to what she is doing. Dido also shows that it doesn’t take much to distract her. Unfortunately, she learns the hard way of how the Gods are. When Dido learns of Aeneas promise to Jupiter to continue his quest to find Rome; and she finds out that he is leaving. She confronts him. She confronts him out of embarrassment. Dido characteristics show she is very angry and that she let her guard down. Aeneas doesn’t care about Dido’s emotions and this makes matters much worse. Dido curses Aeneas and his voyage out to sea. Dido is heart broken by Aeneas’s actions. In her mind she truly thought he loved