The telegraph was a big success and an extremely useful system for communication from the late 1800s to roughly 2000. People like Samuel F. B. Morse were largely successful in developing early prototypes of the telegraph. Inventors like Morse are the very reason the telegraph was expanded world-wide as an effective tool for communications over great distances. However, as time passed and faster technology evolved, the telegraph was gradually replaced as a primary means of communication. Though the telegraph had a slow, rocky start, one man had great successes in the development of a working, practical device. The word "telegraph" is derived from the Greek words "tele," meaning distant, and "graphein," which means to write. United States inventor Samuel F. B. Morse is credited with the first practical and functional telegraph device, completed in 1837. The telegraph system was the first commercial application of electricity. Morse's telegraph used one wire connected to a pencil that wrote the dots and dashes of what became known as Morse Code. Later, people learned to listen to the signals directly. An early review of the Morse telegraph appeared in The American Biblical Repository highlighting how Morse’s telegraph was less costly and more simple, complete, and durable compared to other early models. In 1843, the United States Congress approved $30,000 for Morse to construct a telegraph line from Washington, DC, to Baltimore, Maryland. His demonstration of this initial telegraph line in the presence of the US Supreme Court occurred on May 1, 1844. The American Biblical Repository said in its April, 1838 issue, "Should [the telegraph’s] success equal the expectations of most who have examined it, the results of this discovery ... ... middle of paper ... ...rint. Brodsky, Arthur R. "Telegraph." World Book Encyclopedia. 2013. Print. Casale, John. "Telegraph History." Telegraph-History. N.p., 2012. Web. 11 Feb. 2014. . "HistoryWired: A Few of Our Favorite Things." HistoryWired: A Few of Our Favorite Things. Smithsonian Institute, n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2014. . McG., C. D. "Telegraph." The New Encyclopedia Britannica. 2002 ed. N.d. Print. "Our History." Western Union. Western Union Holdings, Inc., 2014. Web. 9 Mar. 2014. . Silverman, Kenneth. Lightning Man: The Accursed Life of Samuel F.B. Morse. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2003. Print. White, Thomas H. "The Electric Telegraph (1838-1922)." United States Early Radio History. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2014. .
Wireless begins with a brief discussion of the 1995 centennial of the invention of radio by Marconi and a rebuttal by the British historians who oppose this claim. Using underused or previously overlooked or perhaps ignored resources the author disproves the claims against the originality and ingenuity of Marconi's 1897 patent on wireless telegraphy. While credit is given to several British scientists and engineers and their scientific discoveries and inventions, it was Marconi, a practitioner, who made the first significant breakthrough in practical wireless telegraphy when he "connected one end of the plate of the receiver, and one end of the transmitter, to the earth" (p. 20). Marconi transformed these scientific effects into wireless technologies and then exploited them for commercial purposes. The focus of British scientists and engineers on optical analogies, scientific experimentation and demonstration, and the fear of British national interests becoming monopolized (particularly by a foreigner) are the primary reasons for the dispute surrounding Marconi's patent. (By 1897 it was clear how wireless telegraphy would impact military interests.) The author shows in great detail how British scientists and engineers, namely physicist Oliver Lodge, J. J. Thomson, Minchin, Rollo Appleyard, and Campbell Swinton, deliberately constructed false scientific and social claims to discredit the originality of Marconi's patent.
When Samuel Morse developed the telegraph and sent its first message in 1844, he had no idea of the effect that it would bring to the future of communication. He would change warfare, politics, and the world forever. Before the telegraph, all warfare communication was very slow and costly via horseback. In the 1860s, the American Civil War raged on between the Northern and Southern states over the issues of slavery, states’ rights, and President Abraham Lincoln’s actions during his presidency. Abraham Lincoln’s innovative leadership as the Commander in Chief of the Union
As such, Abraham Lincoln made use of this medium described in an unprecedented manner that revolutionized and secured the status and dealings of his national leadership. When Lincoln arrived for the 1861 inaugural, there were no existing telegraph line to the War Department and even the White House itself. This did not stay for long when rapid changes were implemented. Wires were installed in the War Department and other similar key installations almost immediately (Wheeler, 2006).
“Civilian Conservation Corps Museum.” www.sos.state.mi.us/history/museum/museccc/index.html. Michigan Historical Center, Michigan Department of State. 26 April 2000
...53 and Chief Justice Roger B. Taney that made the ruling that Samuel F. B. Morse was the first to combine the power of the electromagnet, electromagnetism, and the battery that powered the telegraph machine. Although the United States did not give any recognition of Samuel Morse’s invention, he was rewarded 400,000 French francs, which amounted to roughly $80,000 at that time, from the countries of Austria, Piedmont, Belgium, France, Russia, Turkey, Tuscany, and Sweden. In June 10, 1871, a bronze statue of Samuel F. B. Morse was constructed and placed in Central Park in New York City. There was also an engraving of a portrait of Samuel Morse on the reverse side of the two-dollar certificate of the United State in 1896.
..." History, Travel, Arts, Science, People, Places | Smithsonian. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Feb. 2014. .
He used a comparison pattern to describe telegraph invention with the internet, and how was more important to invent this device similar to the internet invention. Reading through the book gives a different criterion of the implementation and evolution of the telegraph device in Europe and United States. Although Standage’s book lacks deep technical aspects, he tells the story of telegraph invention in simple and interesting chronical way. In fact, he started his first chapter by mentioning the rumors of inventing a magical device to transfer letter between people mile apart in the late of the sixteen century. By 1791 two French scientist brothers Claude and Rene Chappe invented the first version of the Telegraph. The working principle of this device was mechanical and optical, which had failed in the dark. The Chappe brothers continued their trials until 1793 they succeeded to invent the first dependable device to transmit messages over long distances. At this time, the telegraph first named tachygraph from the Greek word tachy which means fast, then they changed to telegraph. The new invention became fully operational by 1794, where it played an important role to send a report of the capture of town from the Austrians and Prussians. The success of using the telegraph in civilian and military matter encouraged Napoleon to build wider telegraph network by 1804. During the nineteen century, the telegraph machine evolved to a wider global communication network to cross the continents especially in England and the United States, where Samuel Morse developed a newer version of the telegraph by
...Richard. "Communications Overview (1850-1877)." American Eras. Ed. Matthew J. Bruccoli and Richard Layman. Detroit: Gale Research, 1997. Student Resource Center - Junior. Gale. Great Valley Middle School. 24 Apr. 2014 http://find.galegroup.com/srcx/infomark.do?&source=gale&srcprod=SRCJ&userGroupName=malv12024&prodId=SRC-4&tabID=T001&docId=EJ2301500255&type=retrieve&contentSet=GSRC&version=1.0
As the late 19th century progressed, technological ideas and inventions began to thrive. The notion that technology would impact life as we know it was an unbelievable idea to comprehend. People had no idea that something so simple such as the light bulb would become so vital to them and for century’s to come. Inventions such as, the typewriter, barbed wire, telephone, Kodak camera, and electric stove were created, however the major inventions created and use tremendously today are, Medicine, Electricity, and Transportation.
Samuel Morse contributed many things to American society. In 1832 when returning from Europe from a period of art study on the ship Sully, Samuel overheard a conversation about the newly discovered electromagnets and came up with the idea of an electric telegraph. By 1835 he had his first telegraph model working in the New York University building. In 1837, he acquired two partners to help him develop his telegraph. Leonard Gale and Alfred Vail were the two men that he chose. They applied for a patent in 1837 for the telegraph, which included the dot and dash code.
Morse was a very friendly guy. Being a natural leader, he was a founder and the first president of the National Academy of Design, but was lost his campaigns to become mayor of New York or a Congressman. In 1832, while returning on the ship from another period of studying art in Europe, Morse heard a conversation about the newly discovered electromagnet and got the idea of an electric telegraph. He mistakenly thought that the idea of such a telegraph was new, helping to give him the go ahead and push the idea forward. By 1835 he probably had his first telegraph model working in the New York University building where he taught art. Being poor, Morse used materials like an old artist's canvas stretcher to hold his invention, a home-made battery and an old clock-work to move the paper on which dots and dashes were to be recorded.
Today we have the Smithsonian Institution that represents the trauma that many of the people today do not have imprinted in their memory. This is a way for all people, who were both present and not present, to pay their respects to the participants and the victims in World War II.5 In creating the Smithsonian, the Americans initially wanted to reflect deeply upon the occurrences by design...
...l Morse?s 1832 invention. It is quite possible that more social changes were triggered by the telegraph, than from any other invention. Before the telegraph, communications were delivered by boat, train, horseback, or hand. Now, news and messages could be received immediately.
“It was the best of times; it was the worst of times…it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair” (Dickens n. pag.). These words by Charles Dickens, one of the most famous writers of the Victorian Period, were intended to show the connections between the French Revolution and the decline of Dickens’s own time, the Victorian Era (“About” n.pag.). Dickens wanted to show how the trends of his time were following a tragic path that had already played out and not ended well in France. According to an article about this historical period, the Victorian Era was “a time of change, a time of great upheaval, but also a time of great literature” (“Victorian” n.pag.). The Victorian Period reflects the great changes in the social, political, and economical shifts of the time.
On March 10th, 1876, a revolutionary invention was created by Alexander Graham Bell. The telephone was invented to send vibrations from one receiver to another electrically (History.com ‘Speech Transmitted by Telephone’ accessed on March 11, 2014), and due to Alexander Graham Bell accidentally discovering that he could hear the sound of a ‘clock spring twanging’ (Marry Bellis, ‘The History of the Telephone’ accessed on March 11, 2014), that was possible. The invention of the telephone permitted new levels of communication, allowed families connect around the world, and improved military systems, but also served negative consequences, such as breached privacy. If two people wanted to have a conversation, they would have to write letters back and forth, but with the telephone they were able to pick up the receiver, dial the number, and be connected in a matter of minutes. Telephones enabled long-distance communication, which allowed families to converse despite their location. Military officials and soldiers were also able to stay in touch through field telephones as well as keep contact with the president. Although telephones were originally placed in general stores or other major city locations and homes/neighborhoods that were wired (Elon.edu ‘World Changes Due to the Telephone’ accessed on April 2, 2014), telephones became commonly used in homes in the early twentieth century when telephones began to connect internationally.