As a result of Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait on August 2nd 1990, Operation Desert shield was implemented by the United States on August 7th. Trying to deter Iraq from advancing farther into the country the U.S. began staging troops, equipment and other supplies needed to sustain a military in war time. Moving resources by air and sea the American armed forces presence was made known in the region with resources being staged in the allied countries of Saudi Arabia These later we mobilized initiating operation Desert Storm on January 17th 1991 at 3am Arabia Time when the first tanks rolled across the Saudi border, this conflict would continue until the official cease fire would take effect on April 11th of the same year (Operation). During the 10 month time span of the Persian Gulf War I, Military Sealift Command had conducted the largest modern sealift operation of war materials of the American military. The ability for the United States to mobilize and sustain during Operation Desert Shield and Desert Storm displays America’s national security goals of forward power projection, maritime supremacy and the effective planning of their sealift strategy.
In past instances the ability to control forces outside of territorial borders has been difficult, and can still be a challenge at times. Getting information to where it is needed when it is needed was just as much of a problem in the 1990’s as well, but with the advent of technologies such as the satellite phone and the global positioning system, directing the military outside of The States had become easier than ever before. Forward power projection is the control of military forces outside of its territory, and during the Operation Desert Shield and Storm this was effectively displaye...
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... able to move a large amount of equipment from The States to the Persian Gulf. While achieving the Navy’s goals of forward power projection, commanding from a distance, maritime supremacy, controlling international shipping lanes, and strategic sealift, moving war materials and personal where it’s needed over the ocean when it’s needed.
Works Cited
"Military Sealift Command." MSC History. United States Navy, n.d. Web. 22 Feb. 2014.
"The Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm Timeline." Defense.gov News Article: The Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm Timeline. American Forces Press Service, 08 Aug. 2000. Web. 22 Feb. 2014.
Ronald, Rost F. Sealift in Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm: 7 August 1990 to 17 February 1991. Rep. Alexandria: Center For Naval Analyses, 2003. Sealift in Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm. Center For Naval Analyses. Web. 22 Feb. 2014.
(Stroilov)Now the Desert Storm was a go. American troops were now forced to get Saddam and his troops out of Kuwait’s Borders. (Stroilov)When this happened over 500,000 American troops were inside Kuwait’s border at the time. Also Iraq had about the same number of troops as the US did. (Stroilov)Although the first 37 days of the Desert storm was done by air bombings. (Stroilov)This meant that none of the American ground troops were in action for the first 37 days of the Storm.(Stroilov)
Over the next several weeks America launched over 2500 missiles on Iraq military. After this Iraq got tired of just sitting there so they finally started to fight back. They launched missiles at the barracks that were blocking Iraq from entering Saudi Arabia. Before February 24 the real ground war hadn’t even started. They fought on the ground for weeks, even though we were still bombing Iraq when we started fighting we still did it and moved into Kuwait. Desert Shield was another codenamed attack on Iraq this was another phase in getting Iraq out of Kuwait and not allowing them into Saudi Arabia. What we first did was get a much greater number of troops into Saudi
The U.S. Navy nurtured into a challenging power in the years previous to World War II, with battleship construction being revived in 1937, commencing with the USS North Carolina . It was able to add to its fleets throughout the early years of the war when the US was still not involved, growing production of vessels both large and small. In a conflict that had a number of amphibious landings, naval superiority was important in both Europe and the Pacific. The mutual resource...
Desert Vets. 06 March 2011 <www.desertvets.org/main-pages/desert-storm.htm>. Finlan, Alastair. The Gulf War 1991. Great Britain: Osprey Publishing, 2003.
Schubert, Frank. Center of Military History: San Juan Hill. 1998. http://www.history.army.mil/documents/spanam/BSSJH/Shbrt-BSSJH.htm (accessed 12 3, 2013).
In this paper, I will provide a Battle Analysis and outline the events leading up to and surrounding the Battle of 73 Eastings (refers to a north-south grid line). In addition, I will describe how the United States Army’s (USA) 2nd Armored Calvary Regiment (ACR) defeated forces from the Iraqi Republican Guard (IRG) using speed, technology and superior combat power. Although some consider the Battle of 73 Eastings extremely successful, some consider it a failure due to the large amount of Iraqi forces that retreated towards Bagdad. Lastly, I will analyze how each side used their intelligence assets and what they could have used to change the outcome.
War finds success and failure inescapably linked to how well the Combined, Joint, and Multinational Commander ensures the Joint War Fighting Function “Sustainment” planning is linked to strategic, operational and tactical objectives. General Eisenhower’s Operation OVERLORD, the Allied cross channel, air, and seaborne invasion of France during World War II provides an excellent case study to show successful integration of the principles and the spirit of the Joint War Fighting Function “Sustainment.” OVERLORD required synchronizing, coordinating, and integrating the logistics capabilities of coalition forces, their equipment as well as civilian manufacturing capabilities to meet the strategic end state (e.g. the defeat of Germany). This article will review the purpose and definition of Joint Sustainment, its imperatives and logistics planning principles and examine how Eisenhower and his planners incorporated these imperatives and principles into Operation OVERLORD.
The United States launched an operation known as Operation Desert Shield, also known as the Persian Gulf War, in August of 1990 in response to Saddam Hussein’s order to the Iraqi forces to take over Kuwait. President George Herbert Walker Bush made the decision to send American troops to Saudi Arabia to form an international coalition that would eventually turn into an operation known as Operation Desert Storm. The United States Army had not witnessed an event of such international and Homefront importation since the Cold War.
The intensity of the air support and the technologic equipment gave superiority to the 2nd ACR throughout the battle. Due to the intense use of air attacks by the coalition forces throughout the first three phases of the Gulf War, the Iraq Republican Guard was not able to maneuver. They built bunkers to house the armored vehicle positions. Initially, Ghost and Iron Troops made first contact with the Iraqi security elements. Eagle Troop also deployed to an area next to the training location of the Iraq force. The main part of this battle lasted only took about 90 minutes. In the beginning, weather hampered the Coalition’s air support. Seemingly, the Iraqi forces did not believe that the coalition could come from the west because of the bad weather situation. Using thermal sights and GPS, the 2nd ACR used the surprise to defeat the enemy. Technology helped the coalition forces drive its vehicles through the desert and localize the enemy with precision. Consequently, independent of the weather conditions and the terrain, the 2nd ACR had the advantage not only because the surprise and use of technological equipment, but because of the threat from above the IRG felt once the air support became effective during the first phases. As a result, the 2nd ACR lost two M2 Bradley Fighting Vehicles and no tanks. On the other hand, the Iraqi forces lost 57 Tanks, 28 BMPs, 11 MTLBs, 45 trucks, and
"U.S. Navy - In Desert Shield/Desert Storm." Naval History and Heritage. Web. 13 Feb. 2011. .
Middle of August 1990 is when B/2-7 AIR DEFENSE ARTILLERY (ADA), commanded by CPT Joe D'Antona became operational at Dhahran airbase. That is seven months before “D day” of the Gulf War, also known as Desert Storm took place. Working with only a few missiles in its database, they had added 500 more Tactical ballistic missiles (TBM) to the Patriot database before the ground campaign began in February. 11th Air Defense Artillery Brigade was the higher level air defense unit during Desert Storm, they deployed 12 patriot batteries from 1-7 ADA, 2-7 ADA, 2-43 ADA, 3-43 ADA, and 8-43 ADA 4-5 ADA deployed the first Army's Avenger Battery in DESERT STORM it was one of the Army's first units to lose a soldier due to hostile fire. Before the War
The Persian Gulf War, often referred to as Operation Desert Storm, was perhaps one of the most successful war campaigns in the history of warfare. Saddam Hussein, leader of Iraq, invaded Kuwait in 1990. In 1991, after weeks of air strikes, US ground forces entered Iraq and Kuwait and eliminated Iraqi presence in 60 hours.
Operation: Desert Storm began on January 15th in 1991. It began when 19 hours after the midnight deadline of January 15 had passed aircraft from the American, British, Saudi, and Kuwaiti air forces thousands of tons of bombs on military targets throughout Iraq. Saddam Hussein had not heeded the coalition’s threats and would pay dearly.(Pike)
Armed with numerous studies, and intensive public hearings, Congress mandated far-reaching changes in DOD organization and responsibilities in the Goldwater-Nichols Department of Defense Reorganization Act of 1986. This landmark legislation significantly expanded the authority and responsibility of the chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff. Included in this expanded authority and responsibility was the requirement for the chairman to develop a doctrine for the joint employment of armed forces. As operations Urgent Fury, Just Cause, and Desert Storm have vividly demonstrated, the realities of armed conflict in today's world make the integration of individual service capabilities a matter of success or failure, life or death. Furthermore, the operation Desert One demonstrated the need for a strengthened Joint Warfare Doctrine and the consequent change in Joint Warfare Employment. It is plain to see the benefits of having the greatest navy integrated with the world's greatest army and air force. However, even in the wake of a relatively successful joint operation in the Middle East (Desert Storm), certain weaknesses are evident in the current joint employment tactics and/or capabilities. By analyzing past operations such as Urgent Fury and Desert Storm, we are able to see sufficient evidence that the Joint Warfare Concept can be disastrous in one instance and virtually flawless in another.
Hillstrom, Laurie Collier, and Julie Carnagie. War in the Persian Gulf Almanac: From Operation Desert Storm to Operation Iraqi Freedom. Detroit: UXL, 2004. Print