Many may argue that the Modernist movement was a completely new and unique movement within British literature. The goal of this paper is to determine whether or not the Modernist Literary Movement was completely unique or not. The similarities found in the works of Modernist authors and poets, such as Joseph Conrad and Hilda Doolittle (H.D.), will be examined against Romanticism themes and authors such as William Wordsworth. What will be found is that Modernism is not a completely unique movement, but one that combines elements from previous literary movements.
It has been discussed by Professors and authors that Joseph Conrad, author of Heart of Darkness, was a bridge between Romanticism and Modernism. Within the “Modernism” novella, Heart of Darkness, there are many themes that can also be found in Romantic works, one of them being the Byronic Hero. The Byronic Hero is so popular that it is even used today within literature, television, and movies. Some examples from today are Walt from Breaking Bad and Dexter from the television show Dexter. According to Craig White, Professor at the University of Houston Clear Lake, “The Byronic hero is a fictional and cultural character type popular in the Romantic era and beyond. This character may appear in fiction, poetry, or history” (http://coursesite.uhcl.edu/HSH/Whitec/terms/B/ByronicHero.htm). The term became popular from the English poet Lord Byron. This “Romantic” Byronic Hero is often a darker character. According to an excerpt from “”Manfred” and Its Time the Byronic Hero,” assigned on Jacksonville University’s BlackBoard, “The Byronic Hero frequently evokes the Romantic Satan, emulation his oppositional energy, sharing a torment by unredeemable sin, and bea...
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Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. New York: Knopf, 1993. Print.
D., H. "Oread." Poetry Foundation. Poetry Foundation, 2014. Web. 27 Apr. 2014.
Doolittle, Hilda. "Hymen." (Hilda Doolittle) H. D.'s Poem:. ReadBookOnline.com, 2011. Web. 30 Apr. 2014. .Wordsworth: http://www.poetryfoundation.org/poem/174832
Flemming, James. "Byronic Hero: Definition, Characteristics & Examples." Education Portal.com. Education Portal, 2003. Web. 27 Apr. 2014. .
"H. D." Poetry Foundation. Poetry Foundation, 2014. Web. 27 Apr. 2014.
White, Craig. "Craig White's Literature Courses." Terms & Themes. University of Houston Clear Lake, 2014. Web. 30 Apr. 2014. .
The similarities existing between the two characters, Cristina Ceron argues, also align in Manfred’s first act soliloquy, in which the Byronic hero praises his superhuman powers announcing himself the devil and the sovereign of the world:
“Lord Byron.” Gale Contextual Encyclopedia of World Literature. Vol. 1. Detroit: Gale, 2009: 269-272. Student Resources in Context. Web. 25 Mar. 2014.
The Byronic hero in literature is named after Lord Byron and his main protagonist in his poem Childe Harold. The Byronic hero was established during the Romantic period in art and literature as an anti-hero; he is supposed to represent the antithesis of the ideal, chivalrous hero of the time. This hero is dark, mysterious, and brooding. He often harbors the torturing memory of an enormous, nameless guilt that drives him toward an inevitable doom. He holds himself detached and sees himself as superior in his passions and powers compared to society and humanity, whom he regards with disdain. He stubbornly pursues his own ends according to his self-generated moral code, against all opposition. He also gains an attraction from the other characters because it involves their confusion at his obliviousness to ordinary human concerns. Byronic heroes in literature often have the following characteristics: passionate, unrepentant, wandering, isolated, attractive, and self-reliant.
A Byronic hero is typically arrogant, rebellious, anti-social, and darkly and enticingly romantic. They have a tendency to be influenced by past events and they are driven by all-consuming passion.
Of the Romantic Movement, two of the most well-known Gothic literature writers were Nathaniel Hawthorne and Herman Melville. Gothic writers mainly wrote about themes that showed that they did not believe that people were ‘good’ by nature and the stories they wrote focused on the evils and flaws of mankind. These two authors presented their respective stories “Bartleby the Scrivener” and “The Minister’s Black Veil” as novels that explore the lives and behaviors of other human characters. Although the stories have different perspectives and settings, they both reveal more about how the other human characters are and what dark or unusual traits and motives they have.
One attribute of Modernist writing is Experimentation. This called for using new techniques and disregarding the old. Previous writing was often even considered "stereotyped and inadequate" (Holcombe and Torres). Modern writers thrived on originality and honesty to themselves and their tenets. They wrote of things that had never been advanced before and their subjects were far from those of the past eras. It could be observed that the Modernist writing completely contradicted its predecessors. The past was rejected with vigor and...
middle of paper ... ... raded and running away from Wuthering Heights isolating himself from his past only returning when he knows his revenge can be had, Heathcliff is also filled with dark qualities which make him return to seek revenge, but a Byronic hero is usually passionate about a particular issue, this particular issue for Heathcliff is Catherine and we see this as he seems to be addicted to her. A Byronic hero exhibits several characteristic traits, and in many ways he can be considered a rebel. The Byronic hero does not possess "heroic virtue" in the usual sense; instead, he has many dark qualities.
Lord Byron was a man whose passion for life seem incomparable to any of the other Romantic poets. Byron’s personal character could be seen in his literature just as in his life. Lord Byron’s most notable contribution to literature was Byronic Hero. “It possessed many qualities which Lord Byron himself displayed in day to day life” (Doherty 86). Whether in search of women or adventure, the life of Lord Byron and his Byronic Hero have many similarities. The w...
Thorslev, Peter L., Jr. The Byronic Hero: Types and Prototypes. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. 1962. Print.
Literature is a form of art with many facets, many obvious and others subtle. The surface of literature can be composed of many elements such as genre, form, rhythm, tone, diction, sentence structure, etc. Time periods, authors’ personal style and type of work all determine what elements are used in the literature. The deeper more subtle side of literature is the use of symbolism, imagery and the significance of the work. In most works of literature, parallels can be drawn between the author’s personality and current life’s events through the subject matter, the characters, and the use of specific literary techniques. Lady Mary Wortley Montagu’s use of literary techniques in the first two stanzas of The Lover: A Ballad, are consistent throughout the six stanza ballad identifying and refuting the ways in which women were defined by literature of the 18th century era.
Modernism can be defined as the post-industrial revolutionary era, where which the western world began to see a change in all spheres of living. The effects of the industrial revolution became prevalent towards the end of the nineteenth century and the modernist movement drew inspiration from this widespread change. Artists, writers, architects, designers and musicians, all began to embrace the changing world and denounce their pre-taught doctrines and previous ways of producing work. Society felt the urge to progressively move forward toward a modern way of thinking and living.
Lord Byron is often regarded as a prominent leader in the Romantic Movement that is associated with early 19th century England. His unconventional lifestyle, along with his literary works, has contributed significantly to this title he has been given. Through his notorious sexual escapades and his extravagant adventures, his literature was born.
...rature and art. Industrial and technology advances were documented in numerous ways as both a good movement and a not so good movement. And the realism religious controversy also played a part in the changes in the Victorian Age that changed the views of some individuals. Although the Victorian Age did overcome the Romantic Period for some time, each has its part to play in literary education among students; whether it’s everyday life or imagination, a focus on industry and technology or nature, or it’s religious controversy and feelings/emotions.
By the end of the eighteenth century, thought gradually moved towards a new trend called Romanticism. If the Age of Enlightenment was a period of reasoning, rational thinking and a study of the material world where natural laws were realized then Romanticism is its opposite. Romanticism emphasized the individual, the subjective, the irrational, the imaginative, the personal, the spontaneous, the emotional, the visionary, and the transcendental (Forsyth, Romanticism). It began in Germany and England in the eighteenth century and by the late 1820s swept through Europe and then swiftly made its way to the Western world. The romantics overthrew the philosophical ways of thinking during the Enlightenment, they felt that reason and rationality were too harsh and instead focused on the imagination. Romantics believed in freedom and spontaneous creativity rather than order and imitation, they believed people should think for themselves instead of being bound to the fixed set of beliefs of the Enlightenment.
Toward the end of the eiteenth-century, Romanticism emerged as a response to Classicism. Even though this change was gradual, it transformed everything from art and philosophy to education and science. While the Classicsts thought of the world as having a rigid and stern structure, the romanticists thought of the world as a place to express their ideas and believes. The Romaniticists and Classicsts differed in their views of the relationship between an individual and society, their views of nature and the relationship between reason and imagination.