Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
2 nd wave of feminism
Challenges and remindes of gender issues in education
How did women's roles change during ww2
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: 2 nd wave of feminism
For decades now, women have been fighting to earn rights for political, social and economic equality to men. What made the diversity change many of the rights against women after decades of being treated unequally? The second wave of feminism started to evolve near the end of the second World War. More women were starting to achieve degrees to pursue a career which will provide them wealth and joy. The second movement mainly focused on gender equality such as voting rights, reproductive rights and political rights. Due to the feminism wave, women earned respect world wide by standing up to achieve legal rights and equality to men. Therefore, the second wave of feminism that took place in the United States during the 1960s helped bring equality for women in the areas of education, work and pay, reduced violence against women, and helped gain rights in their reproductive and political lives.
To begin with, the second wave of feminism helped being equality to women in the areas of education, work and pay. Women’s education level has increased dramatically over the last few decades. Just over fifty years from today, there was a smaller percentage of women compared to men who were educated. In the twenty-first century, education indicators show that there is a greater rate of educated women than men. Before the second wave, girls were often bullied and treated unequally for attending school. Girls were expected to follow their mother’s footsteps and practice cooking, cleaning, gardening and other chores performed by the mother. The Title IX of the Education Amendment Act of 1972 was created to “forbid gender discrimination in schools and universities, and also addressed equity in sports.” Equality to girls was not given in school bu...
... middle of paper ...
...scrimination. Therefore, the second wave of feminism transformed many negative situations into positive ones.
Before the second wave of feminism, women have been put through many difficult situations such as, discrimination within the workforce, sexual and emotional violence, and not being able to achieve rights for themselves. They almost, never had a say in a decision which should be their choice. The second wave of feminism was necessary for women because they achieved personal and voting rights, the percentage of violence significantly decreased and it help bring equality among men and women. After many decades, people decided to treat women equally and legalize rights for an individual’s personal life. After years and years of fighting for equal rights and to demolish all stereotypes, did the world actually change their view of women?
Thivi Sasikumar
Women have been oppressed solely due to their sex. This is noticeable in the education system where females are treated differently than males. Although we have improved drastically in the last few years in recognizing that women deserve the same privileges as men do, there are still many obstacles to overcome. Weber (2010) gives an example of this through a person experience of hers. She had noticed that even though more girls enroll in school, quality in education is still compromised.
In the United States there have been three waves of women’s rights movements. The first movement was called the women’s right movement. This movement was mainly focused on white women and their right to vote as well as hold office. (Wood, p.62) The second movement was the women’s liberation movement, also known as radical feminism. This movement mainly impacted college students because college campuses were a great place for radical feminism to emerge. The radical feminists protested the Vietnam War and fought for civil rights. The women in this movement risked their lives and physical abuse just like the males did. (Wood, p.64) The third wave of feminism in the United States was known as third- wave feminism. In this movement woman with different ethnicities, abilities, disabilities, classes, appearances, sexual orientation and gender identities came together to fight for their rights as women. (Wood, p.74)
Whereas the women’s suffrage movements focused mainly on overturning legal obstacles to equality, the feminist movements successfully addressed a broad range of other feminist issues. The first dealt primarily with voting rights and the latter dealt with inequalities such as equal pay and reproductive rights. Both movements made vast gains to the social and legal status of women. One reached its goals while the other continues to fight for women’s rights.
The 1960s cultural movement in the United States sent shockwaves through American society. Nearly every aspect of traditional life was challenged and among these was the role of women. Following in the footsteps of suffragettes during the turn of the twentieth century, a new wave of feminism was emerging in the United States that aspired to take the women's right movement beyond the realm of constitutional rights. This movement, now known as second-wave feminism, sought to bring what they viewed as true gender equality by focusing on a number of issues that negatively affected women. The second-wave accomplished much, but there is a historical consensus that it came to an end during the eighties, giving way to a third-wave of feminism in the early nineties.
The once male dominated, corporate, "white collar" America has seen a phenomenal influx of women within the last thirty years. Although a female lawyer, physician, or CEO is no longer considered a rarity in our times, women still face quite a deal of oppression in comparison to their male counterparts. In retrospect, some professions have always been controlled by women, and men have not made a noticeable advance in these fields. In 1970, finding a female lawyer to represent you would be a difficult task, since less than five percent of the profession were women. Today, that number has risen to almost thirty percent. The percentage of female doctors has almost tripled in the course of thirty years. African Americans have not made such a conspicuous progression within the last fifty years, while women have made a tremendous impact on the corporate world. One may wonder, how did women make these extraordinary advances? For the most part, it is due to the education they receive. At the present time young girls are encouraged to enroll in classes dealing with math and science, rather than home economics and typing. As pointed out by Nanette Asimov, in her essay "Fewer Teen Girls Enrolling in Technology Classes", school officials are advocating the necessity of advanced placement, and honor classes for teenage girls, in both the arts and sciences. This support and reassurance than carries over onto college, and finds a permanent fixture in a woman’s life. While women are continuing their success in once exclusively male oriented professions, they are still lacking the respect and equality from their peers, coworkers, and society. The average male lawyer, and doctor make twenty-five percent more money than their female equivalent. Women have always lived with the reputation of being intellectually inferior to, and physically submissive to men. This medieval, ignorant notion is far fetched from the truth. In 1999, high school men and women posted similar SAT scores, being separated by a only a few points. In addition to posting similar scores on the SAT, the average males score was a mere two-tenths of a point higher than an average females score on the ACT. Even though a woman maybe as qualified as a male for a certain occupation , women receive unwanted harassment, and are under strict scrutiny. A good illustration of this would be the women represented in "Two Women Cadets Leave the Citadel.
...ousness-raising" groups, which rapidly expanded in number. These women met to discuss the injustice of "sexism," an equivalent to racism; they began to start many feminist projects, such as health collectives, day care centers, rape crisis centers, abortion counseling services and women’s study programs. In the 1970’s they focused on three issues: equality in education/employment, access to legal abortions and the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA). Congress also approved Title IX of the Higher Education Act. This Act prohibited bias on the basis of sex in any educational program that received federal resources. So, many universities and military academies that was once all-male were forced to accept women students. While great strides were made in women’s equality, the wage discrepancy between men and women for the same jobs remains prevalent today.
In the 1960’s, the civil rights movement was the act inspiring the second wave of feminism. The passing of the civil rights act protected women
As Third Wave feminism is currently unfolding before us, and its aims encompass a wide array of complex issues, it is often hard to describe what Third Wave feminism is. The feminist theories, mainly associated with First and Second Wave feminism attempt to describe the power imbalances that are found in society, and while doing so expose other oppressions, such as discrimination based on race or sexual orientation. As this essay attempts to place a clear definition to Third Wave feminism, feminists are concurrently trying to deconstruct old definitions and open it up for women to determine what feminism means to them. In other words, no clear definition on what is meant to be a feminist is sufficient, as the Third Wave is about equality and freedom for all citizens, regardless of sex, class, race or sexual orientation.
The Women’s Movement was not just about women, but society as a whole. There have been a lot of changes to society over the past few years. Social roles, the media, and the right of women’s choice have impacted both women and society. For starters, social roles were impacted. Women were able to become professional tennis players, lawyers, and doctors and along with these powerful roles, the battle of the sexes has spilled over into homes.
... setting up the basis for the second movement. After women began talking about the family economy during the first wave, the women were able to shift their focus to their personal careers and salaries during the second wave. Additionally, the first wave gave women the right to vote, but the second wave gave women more political power. Women distinguished themselves through their sexuality in the first wave, while the second wave helped women distinguish themselves through their strength. The achievements of the second feminist movement clearly had their roots in the first movement. Feminism is now entering its third wave. Regardless of whether the new feminists use an indirect approach, like the 1920s movement, or a direct approach, like the 1970s movement, American women will continue fighting for gender equality until the words “man” and “woman” both mean “human.”
Imagine being a woman living in Europe during the war, taking on many important leadership roles and having a good amount of power. All of a sudden, the war ends and all of these roles and powers are taken away. Europe made women feel equal to men when everything was being sacrificed for a cause, and then threw them back into being a housewife and oppressed as soon as the war ended. Once seeing how much a woman can truly have, she was not going to go back to having nothing. This is what some consider to be the initial spark of the Women’s liberation movement and the second wave of feminism across Europe. In the 1960s, women liberationists saw themselves as an oppressed group and started to demand radical change all across the continent. The way each country reacted to this demand however, was somewhat different. Although after the war, women all across Europe were fighting for liberation, they only completed strides in everyday cultural and social life and gained little to no influence in political life.
Feminism can simply be defined as a range of movements and ideologies in which share a common ground in terms of defining, establishing and achieving equal opportunities to that of males, in regards to economic, cultural and social rights. It is a critique of male supremacy with efforts in changing this to end the social oppression of women. (Hooks, 2000)
Throughout history, women have remained subordinate to men. Subjected to the patriarchal system that favored male perspectives, women struggled against having considerably less freedom, rights, and having the burdens society placed on them that had been so ingrained the culture. This is the standpoint the feminists took, and for almost 160 years they have been challenging the “unjust distribution of power in all human relations” starting with the struggle for equality between men and women, and linking that to “struggles for social, racial, political, environmental, and economic justice”(Besel 530 and 531). Feminism, as a complex movement with many different branches, has and will continue to be incredibly influential in changing lives.
In the 1960s the civil rights movement inspired a new women’s movement, and women began to speak out for fair treatment at school and in the work place. Before these movement girls were warned about math classes being too difficult and were told that a college or a graduate degree was a waste of time. Boys were encouraged to study math and science to ready them for careers. Girls were supposed to be good in English and prepare to become wives and mothers. (Blumenthal 1) Past Generations that grew up with the development of education would now wonder why the genders would want to be separate when once they fought to be together.
Throughout the 19th century, feminism played a huge role in society and women’s everyday lifestyle. Women had been living in a very restrictive society, and soon became tired of being told how they could and couldn’t live their lives. Soon, they all realized that they didn’t have to take it anymore, and as a whole they had enough power to make a change. That is when feminism started to change women’s roles in society. Before, women had little to no rights, while men, on the other hand, had all the rights. The feminist movement helped earn women the right to vote, but even then it wasn’t enough to get accepted into the workforce. They were given the strength to fight by the journey for equality and social justice. There has been known to be