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Effects of Religious intolerance on society
The effect of religion on culture
The effect of religion on culture
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Recommended: Effects of Religious intolerance on society
Different types of religion have existed almost as long as mankind has. Many people believe in the institute of religion, but what constitutes religion is still highly debated today. This is largely due to the fact that religion continues to evolve based on cultural norms of the world. Each religion has a set of beliefs that go along with it, and often these beliefs differ from those of another religion. These differences often lead to heated debate and contention as to which religion will best allow people to lead virtuous lives. This confusion leads people to have distorted views about their faith and what it actually means to them. This debate even occurs within different subdivisions of a single religion. Harriet Beecher Stowe 's novel, …show more content…
Stowe’s character Miss Ophelia is the opinion of such Christians, as she believes that God will atone her sins solely because she is a Christian. Miss Ophelia uses religion in order to avoid addressing her bigoted opinion of African Americans: "I 've always had a prejudice against Negros […] and it 's a fact, I never could bear to have that child touch me; but, I didn 't think she knew it" (246) Miss Ophelia 's aversion toward African Americans shows that, like any human, she is flawed, but instead of trying to improve her flaw she assumes it will be forgiven. Ophelia’s beliefs enable these actions and allow her hate to grow as her only prerequisite for Heaven is for being a Christian rather than be a good Christian. Miss Ophelia is the embodiment of many white Americans of the period who believed that their maltreatment of African Americans was accepted by God, and easily forgiven without any change in their treatment of these …show more content…
In this time frame, many people believed that God would forgive their actions against African Americans and that no effort as necessary to change the system of slavery. Miss Ophelia assumes that God will forgive her for her bigotry even though she makes no effort to become a better person or change her opinions on race. Many also believed that African Americans were not their equals, and therefore saw no issue with their treatment of slaves. Despite this, many still feared an organized revolt of the slaves against them, so maintaining power over them was important. Simon Legree uses Christianity against his slaves in order to maintain control over them, hoping that punishment for practicing the Christian faith will prevent his slaves from developing ideas of freedom. On the other hand, religion also creates hope for many people during this period. Evangeline is portrayed as the perfect Christian, and shows how the Christian faith can create hope for people and inspire them to lead good Christian lives, setting an almost unreachable standard. Uncle Tom also portrays hope that can be gained from the Christian faith. As a Christ figure, Uncle Tom is able to inspire many others to become better Christians and hope for a better life in the future. Religion had a very large range of meaning to people
Harriet Beecher Stowe was born on June 14, 1811. Her father was Lyman Beecher, pastor of the Congregational Church in Harriet’s hometown of Litchfield, Connecticut. Harriet’s brother was Henry Ward Beecher who became pastor of Brooklyn’s Plymouth Church. The religious background of Harriet’s family and of New England taught Harriet several traits typical of a New Englander: theological insight, piety, and a desire to improve humanity (Columbia Electronic Library; “Biography of Harriet Beecher Stowe”).
Douglass continues to describe the severity of the manipulation of Christianity. Slave owners use generations of slavery and mental control to convert slaves to the belief God sanctions and supports slavery. They teach that, “ man may properly be a slave; that the relation of master and slave is ordained by God” (Douglass 13). In order to justify their own wrongdoings, slaveowners convert the slaves themselves to Christianity, either by force or gentle coercion over generations. The slaves are therefore under the impression that slavery is a necessary evil. With no other source of information other than their slave owners, and no other supernatural explanation for the horrors they face other than the ones provided by Christianity, generations of slaves cannot escape from under the canopy of Christianity. Christianity molded so deeply to the ideals of slavery that it becomes a postmark of America and a shield of steel for American slave owners. Douglass exposes the blatant misuse of the religion. By using Christianity as a vessel of exploitation, they forever modify the connotations of Christianity to that of tyrannical rule and
Southern slaveowners claimed that they were upholding their Christian duty by engaging in slavery, rescuing slaves from a life of struggle and faithlessness. Douglass dispels this myth by exposing the many flaws of Mr. Covey’s morality, shocking northern Christians with his Christian hypocrisy and faulty character. Douglass introduces Mr. Covey as a “nigger-breaker,” denouncing his ability for human emotion and sympathy(79). Douglass evokes a sense of ethics and judgement in his Northern audience as he questions the authenticity of Mr. Covey’s faith: “I do verily believe that he sometimes deceived himself into the solemn belief that he was a sincere worshipper of the most high God” (82). In pointing out Mr. Covey’s self-deception, Douglass indicates a distinction between true Christianity and false Christianity. Douglass implies that Mr. Covey wasn’t a “sincere worshipper,” proving how slaveowners’ Christianity was not proof of their genuine goodness, but only a hypocritical front they maintained to bolster their complacent brutality. In doing so, Douglass counters the argument of blacks receiving a healthy faith from being enslaved. He a...
They are fully cognizant that having the word of God on their side affords them even more power over their slaves, and they use this knowledge as a channel through which slave behavior may be controlled. “After the alarm caused by Nat Turner’s insurrection had subsided, the slaveholders came to the conclusion that is would be well to give the slaves enough of religious instruction to keep them from murdering their masters” (Jacobs 57). This passage is the first to demonstrate whites using religion itself as an oppressive force. Plans are revealed to, “hold a separate service on Sundays for [the slaves’] benefit,” in which pointed sermons were to be delivered to the slaves (Jacobs 57-58). One such sermon is inherently accusatory and meant to instill fear in its slave audience. Statements such as “God is angry with you,” “You tell lies. God hears you,” and “God sees you and will punish you” serve to foster a sense of guilt and fear within the slaves, casting disobedience in any form as an affront against God, one that merits divine punishment (Jacobs 58). The sermon creates an emotional tie to profitable slave behavior – obedience stemming from fear – which it goes on to enforce as the will of God: “If you disobey your earthly Master,” the preacher claims, “you offend your heavenly Master” (Jacobs 58). What is presented to the slaves as religious tenet is merely
It has played a major role in history, persecution, church, wars and most importantly in slavery. in this essay i have focus in how hypocrisy was use in race relations using the slave narrative Equiano. In Equiano 's slave narrative examines Christianity and how it allows hypocrisy in slavery. As Equiano travels he sees and learns how whites use religion as a pocketbook, whites pretended to be holy and virtue by attending church and being thrilled of their practice when in reality they were unjustly treating African slaves and not living up to the tenets outlined in the bible. Equiano studies the bible carefully; despite of the hypocrisy Equianos faces he remains loyal to god and always kept his faith in god. Once his convince of the authenticity of his spiritual transformation and studies of the bible then Equiano convert to Methodist
Slave-owners forced a perverse form of Christianity, one that condoned slavery, upon slaves. According to this false Christianity the enslavement of “black Africans is justified because they are the descendants of Ham, one of Noah's sons; in one Biblical story, Noah cursed Ham's descendants to be slaves” (Tolson 272). Slavery was further validated by the numerous examples of it within the bible. It was reasoned that these examples were confirmation that God condoned slavery. Douglass’s master...
In his autobiography, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, Frederick Douglass expresses his views of Christianity and the horrors of slavery for both blacks and whites. Vipul A. Rana (August 7, 2010) writes about how slaves believed one version of Christianity, while the White Americans, or masters, believed another version of Christianity. The slaveholders used Christianity as an excuse for the horrible ways they treated slaves. Vipul writes that over the course of Douglass’ narrative, Douglass describes how non-religious slaveholders seem to be less cruel to their slaves than religious slaveholders. According to Douglass’ autobiography, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass (1845), Thomas Auld was an example of a master that after going to a religious camp he turned, “more cruel and hateful in all his ways, for I believe him to have been a much worse man after his conversion than before (p.32).”
...e that chattel slavery was a cruel, perverse institution that no human should ever have to endure. Most people realize today how hypocritical it was to call oneself a Christian, while treating slaves so horribly. Throughout her book, Harriet Jacobs, in Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Written by Herself, revealed Americans everywhere that slave owners were hypocrites, and calling themselves Christians was perhaps the greatest sin of all.
In his narrative, Frederick Douglass shows how Christianity was used as a major justification for slavery and for the actions of slave masters, but he also shows how the religion provided hope for slaves themselves. In an appendix added at the end of the narrative, he draws a distinction between “the Christianity of this land” and “the Christianity of Christ,” saying that there is the “widest possible difference” between them. As he puts it, “I love the pure, peaceable, and impartial Christianity of Christ: I therefore hate the corrupt, slaveholding, women-whipping, cradle-plundering, partial and hypocritical Christianity of this land.” In other words, Douglass thinks that Christianity has been corrupted in America, where people hypocritically use it to justify their injustices.
Lee’s positive experience of the Christian religion, are the collection of the readings from Frederick Douglas, Peter Randolph, and the former slave interviewed by B.A Botkin on the recollections of their negative experience of the Christian religion. Frederick Douglas was an African-American social reformer, writer, and an abolitionist. After escaping from slavery in Maryland, he became the national leader for African American abolitionist movement in the fight to end slavery. He viewed Christianity in the negative plight because in his understanding it is the driving force to maintain the African American as slaves to their owners. According to the book in the section for Frederick Douglas’s reading the “Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglas, American slave” he stated, “that the religion of the south is a mere covering for the most horrid crimes…I should regard being the slave of a religious master the greatest calamity that could befall me. For all slaveholders…religious slaveholders are the
The slaves went along with the demands of the slave owner’s ideals of paternalism and in return were able to manipulate the system to create their own culture within the plantation, therefore using accommodation as a tool of resistance and revolting. Many slave owners often saw religion as a form of “social control” and feared those without religion. While the masters believed they were in control, the slaves used Christianity as a sense of hope, community and equality. The slaves combined Christianity and African traditions, and emphasized the ideal of “the irrepressible affirmation of life” meaning they never let the world around them affect their joy in life. This helped many slaves get through life, create their own identity, and deal with the life they were given. The slaves molded their beliefs, therefore creating a religion of resistance and defiance. The strong unity of religion brought the slave community closer, therefore aiding them in the creation of culture, family life and traditions on the
Throughout Linda’s life she came to acknowledge that a Christian master was the most dreadful master of all. A Christian master knew the word of God or what we would call the teachings of the Bible, so he was able to intentionally misconstrue biblical verses to his. Yet, white southern “Christians” committed these cruel acts, believing their behaviors were neither wrong nor immoral(BN 1). Looking back at these atrociousness, those who call themselves Christians are appalled. In Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Written by Herself, Harriet A. Jacobs describes the hypocrisy of Southern, Christian slave owners in order to show that slavery and Christianity are not congruent. Despite the fact that Christianity teaches the values of respect, goodwill and generosity, etc., Christian slave holders seem to think these teachings do not account for them and they do not have to follow them, which is without a doubt hypocritical. African American slavery is reducing a human being to the condition of property, the same as other goods, wares, merchandise and chattels almost like prison if not worse.The treatment of slaves was customarily unfortante because slave masters did not care if their slaves were hurt,tired,hungry, etc they had their profit in mind rather than the well-being of their slaves. Due to the way that
Because it offers them the possibility of community and identity, many slaves find themselves strongly attached to religion. They cannot build a family structure and they cannot be identified by family name, but through the church, they can build a community and identify themselves as Christians. This comfort becomes virtually non-existent for it too is controlled by the slaveowners who “came to the conclusion that it would be well to give the slaves enough of religious instruction to keep them from murdering their masters” (57). The fact that one person could have the ability to control the amount of religion another person has and his purpose for having it diminishes any sense of community or identity that it may have initially provided.
Moreover, many owners later came to feel that Christianity may actually have encouraged rebellion (all those stories of Moses and the Israelites in Egypt, after all, talked about the liberation of the slaves), and so they began to discourage Christian missionaries from preaching to the slaves. African Americans have taken their own spiritual, religious journey. God was looked upon as a source of peace and encouragement. The community of enslave Africans were able to use religion and spirituality as a way of overcoming the mental anguish of slavery on a daily basis. To a slave, religion was the most important aspect of their life. Nothing could come between their relationship with god. It was their rock, the only reason why they could wake up in the morning, the only way that they endured this most turbulent time in our history.
Many people during the time of Harriet Beecher Stowe and even now regard religion as a means of getting out of the requirement of having to go to Hell by being a part of a religion. What these people do not realize is that there is more to just being able to say that they are Christians and getting out of the punishment for their sins. They must be examples of what it is like to be religious and practice it with fervency and commitment. Miss Ophelia was Stowe's embodiment of these people that are trying to cheat their way out of spiritual punishment. She admits to having feelings of bigotry toward blacks. "I've always had a prejudice against negroes [ ] and it's a fact, I never could bear to have that child touch me; but, I didn't think she knew it" (246). Miss Ophelia's aversion toward African Americans shows that to be human is to be flawed; however, it is still unchristian to be so.