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Determinants Of Organization Culture
Determinants Of Organization Culture
Subcultures in prisons in america
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A review of climate and culture research in selling and sales management as it would coincided. Organizational culture is defined as a system of shared assumptions, values and beliefs that governs how people in an organization behave. The culture of an organization breeds an organizational climate, which represents how members of an organization experience that organization's culture (Denison - Cited by 2534).
Organizational culture
Organizational culture play a role in the prison system as well, as you should have a curtain level of high values to have a successful career in the prison system. Value in doing what’s right: even when no one is looking. Believing in the system that is in place that governs you. Also knowing the system has the
organization in the best interest; with the policies and procedures that are set in places. organizational value system that reflects a market-oriented culture. Further, while academic research on organizational culture is more concerned with the evolution of social systems over time (Mirvis and Sales 1990; Mohr 1982), Organizational climate Organizational climate play major role in staff productivity. The morale of staff is a key component in success in an organization. When breeding a positive setting, you get a positive climate. Organizational climate refers to a situation and its link to organizational members’ thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, (Rentsch 1990). When having a great Organizational climate of high morale and positive energy. Along with your Organizational culture of good value coincided with one another make for great success. Both organizational climate and culture emphasize the shared experiences of their members (Denison 1996; Ehrhart et al. 2014; Reference: By: Gustafson, Brandon M.; Pomirleanu, Nadia; John-Mariadoss, Babu. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management. Mar2018, Vol. 38 Issue 1, p144-167. 24p. DOI: 10.1080/08853134.2018.1426992. , Database: Business Source Premier
When envisioning a prison, one often conceptualizes a grisly scene of hardened rapists and murderers wandering aimlessly down the darkened halls of Alcatraz, as opposed to a pleasant facility catering to the needs of troubled souls. Prisons have long been a source of punishment for inmates in America and the debate continues as to whether or not an overhaul of the US prison system should occur. Such an overhaul would readjust the focuses of prison to rehabilitation and incarceration of inmates instead of the current focuses of punishment and incarceration. Altering the goal of the entire state and federal prison system for the purpose of rehabilitation is an unrealistic objective, however. Rehabilitation should not be the main purpose of prison because there are outlying factors that negatively affect the success of rehabilitation programs and such programs would be too costly for prisons currently struggling to accommodate additional inmate needs.
Joe is a prisoner in a United States penitentiary convicted of assault with a deadly weapon and attempted robbery. Johan is a prisoner in a Norwegian Correctional Facility also convicted of assault with a deadly weapon and attempted robbery. After eight years of serving their time in custody, they are released back out into society, the world beyond their prison walls. During the following month after their release, Joe has once again been arrested for assault and attempted robbery while Johan has started making a quiet living as a deckhand on the coast for a small fishing company in Kopervik. Now both men have the same background and have come out of the same circumstances but yet only one reverts back to a life a crime, why?
To be able to discuss the issue of the inmate sub-cultures in prison I will first have to discuss what subcultures are and major reasons that they form. First of all the term subculture in general is kind of like a small culture within and not always accepted by members of a larger one known as a society. Societies as a whole are very large and contain many individuals within them, and let us face it it is human nature to group together or congregate with individuals that have similar interests. This causes the whole to split off into smaller groups and this process is how subcultures form; however, if you eliminate certain elements such as freedom of movement or safety from the equation you will accelerate and intensify the subculture process.
Throughout the history of the United States and including the western world. Corrections have served the country by convicting and sentencing offenders depending on the seriousness of the crime. Along with that today, offenders are either placed in probation, incarcerated or taken to community-based corrections. Even though, corrections have always tried to find ways to deter crime by correcting criminals, the poor economy in our country has been the cause for struggles in the correctional system. Some of the causes of economic issues are the cut of budget, over crowing, lack of programs for people with mental illnesses, and lack of innovation.
In the United States prison system inmate’s struggle and face conflicts within the culture, they live in on a daily basis. Prison life is very structured and within this system, there are multiple layers of racism, bigotry, and injustice. As a result of extreme conditions and the prison climate, many prisoners often experience stressful situations that influence their mental health. In addition to mental health issues, many prisoners often experience emotional, social, organizational, and arduous physical conditions while incarcerated. Due to these harsh conditions, further research is needed in our prison systems to evaluate the impact of our prison culture and the climate that these inmates are subjected to when incarcerated. Corporate
Throughout history into today, there have been many problems with our prison system. Prisons are overcrowded, underfunded, rape rates are off the charts, and we as Americans have no idea how to fix it. We need to have shorter sentences and try to rehabilitate prisoners back to where they can function in society. Many prisoners barely have a high school education and do not receive further education in jail. Guards need to pay more attention to the well being of the inmates and start to notice signs of abuse and address them. These are just a few of the many problems in our prison systems that need to be addressed.
Organizational culture is the system of shared beliefs and values that develops within an organization and guides the behavior of its members, while organizational structure is an expression of social and economic principles of hierarchy and specialization (Kinicki, 2015). Both the culture and the structure of an organization are important things for management to understand in order to successfully set and achieve an organization’s goals. Companies who excel in highly competitive fields can attribute their successful economic performance to a cohesive corporate culture that increases competitiveness and profitability. This culture is best utilized in an organization that has the necessary structure to allow its employees to coordinate their actions to achieve its goals.
This is very important for the inmates as they serve their sentences in the prisons because it successfully helps them to participate together with prison society as well as the continuation of prison culture (Naderi, 2013). Just like socialization, prisonization is an educational process where new inmates learn how to interact with the others and make their lives an easier one during the sentence. However, the concept of prisonization negatively affects the individuals once they are through with their sentences because the find it difficult to leave behind the acceptable criminal values that they had acquired as part of prison subculture. However, time helps them adapt to interacting with the free community once again. Prison system should not try to change this system because it does not negatively affect the correction of the offenders. Furthermore, it is a culture that would be difficult to change.
Prison has been around in human society for many millions of years. Having someone who disobeyed the law of that village, town, city or country punished in some form of institution, cutting them off from people, is a common concept – a popular and supposedly “needed” process society has taken to doing for many years now has been put under the spotlight many times by many different figures and people in society. The question remains – do prisons only make people worse? Many articles have been published in many journals and newspapers of the western world (mainly the USA, UK and Australia) saying prison only makes a person worse yet no complaint of the method has come from the less liberal eastern societies; this only proves how in countries where the rights of humans are valued such issues as if prisons only make people worse are important and relevant to keeping fair to all.
Culture is one of the most complicated words in the English language (Williams, 1983). The word organization culture was introduced by Pettigrew (1979) however the term was widely spread due to the work of Deal and Kennedy (1982). It was at the beginning of the 1980s after the publication of the Business Week article on corporate cultures when various scholars began paying attention to the concept of organization culture and since then thousands of definitions came to life. The term is used to describe the pattern of values, norms, attitudes, shared believes and assumptions that may have not been articulated but that shape the way employees behave and how things get done in an organization. (Armstrong, 2014).
In his book Organizational Culture and Leadership, Schein defines the culture as: “The climate and practices that organizations develop around their handling of people, or to the espoused values and credo of an organization”.
Organizational culture may be referred as a shared assumptions, beliefs, values and norms, actions as well as artifacts and language patterns in an organization. It is also referred as an acquired body of knowledge about how to behave, shared meanings and symbols, which facilitate everyone's interpretation and understanding in the organization. 'Culture is the unique whole, the heart and soul that determines how a group of people will behave. Cultures are collective beliefs that in turn shape behavior of the personnel in the organization.
The principal goal of prison management is social control. Institutional security and the personal safety of staff and inmates is the outcome to a well-managed prison, where both the level of routine misconduct by individual inmates and the occurrence of episodic group disturbances signal the breakdown of management’s ability to exert effective control.
Organizational culture can be defined as the behaviour people in an organization portray. The actions they commit have certain meanings. Culture includes organizational values, morals, ethics, and visions, norms, working language, systems, symbols, beliefs and habits. The organization influences culture on the people, as a way of perceiving thinking and even feeling. Culture plays a major role, in the way that people and groups interact with other.
An organisational culture is a system of shared suppositions, qualities and convictions which represent the general employees within the organisation, their occupations, conduct and even dress. Each organisation has rules of conduct and