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Canadian trade protectionism policies term paper
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According to the Levin Institute (n.d.), the Canadian government has a long and established history of putting measures in place to protect the interests of Canadian print media; as far back as the 1920s, for instance, tariffs were imposed on foreign publications coming into the country. Therefore it is reasonable to expect that the measures taken in the 1990s were done so in the spirit of tradition; that is, continuing to put Canadian media interests first, even if it is at the expense of harming relations with Canada's much stronger Southern neighbour. It would appear from reading the source material, and from the Canadian government's previous documented activities, that the Canadian government does indeed wish to protect its own print industry's interests; indeed, the Canadian Heritage Minister welcomed the tariffs and sanctions as a necessary step to protect Canadian heritage and curb the flow of American expansion (Urquhart, 1999.) Further proof that this was driven by a wish to protect Canadian heritage, rather than allow an unfair advantage to Canadian publishers over the competition, is the fact that only …show more content…
It could also be argued that the actions taken further harmed Canadian interests in other areas. According to Urquhart (1999), Canadian industrial leaders were urging the government to back down in its stance against foreign magazine publishers for fear of sanctions against Canadian imports that were directly threatened by the USA; however, despite these pleas, the Canadian government refused to acquiesce, only doing so when forced to by a court. So in summary, it appears that this was a short sighted attempt to simply protect domestic interests by blocking competition rather than fostering domestic talent, and posed a serious risk of further damage as a
Today Canada and the United States are major trading partners, allies, and two neighboring countries with a long history of cooperation with each other. But is it possible for Canada to protect its independence and culture living next door to the country so powerful and rich as the United States. Since the Canadian confederation, Canada started developing relations with the U.S. As the years passed by, Canada began to relay on the United States in the national defense. Many Canadians think that the military, political and economical dependence would not make a difference to their daily life. But today more then even Canadian culture is affected by the American influence. Media, American artists, economic dependence, American propaganda and political pressure from the United States is making Canada too Americanized. All of these factors reflect on the social life of ordinary Canadians threatening the heritage and the traditions that define Canada as independent country.
In my opinion, the U.S. – Canadian dispute was extremely motivated by genuine desires to protect Canadian culture. Government of Canada was quite serious in terms of protecting its culture from foreign influence. Even though Canadian magazines were less produced domestically still the government recognizes it “as an important touchstone of Canadian national identity”. In favor of Canadian culture, governmentof Canada took a decision “In1920s, imposed protective tariffs on foreign magazines. In 1965 also, Canada furthermore prohibited the importation of split-run editions of foreign-published magazines into their country”.
To what extant do you think the US- Canadian magazine dispute was motivated by genuine desire to protect Canadian culture?
Canada as a nation has been striving to characterize itself as more ?Canadian? for decades. This has included numerous struggles and events such as protests, bans, and the creation of the Massey Commission, to encourage national development in the arts, and support major companies like the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) and National Film Board (NFB). However, this has not been an easy task for the Canadian government, as major influences from below the border (the United States) have been captivating the Canadian audiences by large. American media has had a momentous revolutionizing effect on Canada, even through efforts made to define Canada with its own cultural identity.
Publication bans have been a part of the Criminal Code since 1988. A publication ban is a court law that prohibits trial information from leaving the case. Since these bans were first introduced in Canada, they have become a very useful tool in Common Law. These bans have been frequently used over the years for many purposes including avoiding the risk of adverse consequences to participants and for more accurate trial procedures. Having publication bans are beneficial, in every which-way, than not. These bans contribute positively to the environment of law and most importantly, the society within. This essay will outline why the court should have the right to impose a publication ban in Canada. It will support the debate that if Canada wishes to build towards a reputation of having trials handled efficiently, then it should not change the nature of these publication bans. It will portray the importance of these bans through a thorough explanation of how the bans work, and two solid arguments of the cause on the society and environment. First, this essay will discuss basics of publication bans and how they work. Then, this essay will point out how publication bans contribute to trial fairness in the court. Finally, this essay will touch upon how publication bans protect victims and those involved in the trials.
The 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the Library and Archives Canada, Inc. 29 May 2011 http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/023/013/023013-6000-e.html>. James White, Don. Opinions of the Legacies of Sir John A Macdonald. 03 Mar. 2005. The 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.
When radio was first introduced in Canada it was privately owned, this gave leeway for American companies to absorb the rights to broadcasted content. The Prime Minister at the time, R.B. Bennett became convinced that the “existing system of private radio would almost inevitably lead to the Americanization of a crucial cultural industry.” (Vipond, 2000, p. 41). Therefore regulations were implemented to “contribute to the development of national unity and provide a...
Robertson Davies, Fifth Business, Penguin Books Canada Ltd., Toronto, 1970. Sara Jeanette Duncan, The Imperialist, McClelland &Stewart Inc., Toronto, 1990. George Grant, Lament for a Nation, Carleton University Press, 1995, SOSC 2200 9.0A course kit. Sandra Gwyn, Tapestry of War, (Harper Collins, 1992, SOSC 2200 9.0A course kit. C.P. Stacey, Mackenzie King and the Atlantic Triangle, Joanne Goodman Lectures, 1976, SOSC 2200 9.0A course kit. Professor John Hutcheson, "King: The Quebec Connection and The U.S. Connection", SOSC 2200 9.0A Lecture, York University, Toronto, 4 Oct. 1999. Eric Kierans, The Source of All Our Troubles, Canadian Forum, 1992, SOSC 2200 9.0A course kit. Hugh MacLennan, Barometer Rising, McClelland &Stewart Inc., Toronto, 1989.
In conclusion, Canada was influenced throughout the 1920's by America, that by 1929 Canada became very similar to America in social trends, economics and produce. But has this stopped in modern day era? Canada continues to be heavily influenced by the amount of American products and media outpouring into Canada. Canada has made attempts throughout time to impede the onslaught of American invasion but American invasion is seen on a huge global scale. Hit movies, tv shows, products among others are generally based on American culture, views, or based within American domain. It is a reign yet to be stopped.
Although Canada is dependent on trade with the United States, NAFTA proves that the relationship goes both ways. Canada proved its worth in the global financial crisis, showing that it can practice good policy despite the dependence. Canada has undergone a wealth of changes in the past fifty years, many of which have progressed this country from loyal soldiers of Britain to prominent world bankers. Through the evolution of legislature, economic policy, and the actions of the Canadian Forces, Canada’s global image has developed since the end of World War II. Canada’s current global image, an amalgamation of actions in the past fifty years, demonstrates Canada to be an independent entity with substantial belief in people’s well-being and equality, a strong economic policy that is widely regarded, and a military that is equal parts peacekeeping and combatant forces.
Back to the early 1970s, people from CRTC (Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission) felt anxious and threatened when they became aware of American Cultural imperialism had a big influence on Canadian Cultural Identity which made the latter to diminish. To solve this crisis, CRTC adopted Canadian content rules (CanCon) to govern the percentage of the music with Canadian content should be played from radio stations until now. Theoretically, this regulation could cause Canadian talents to rise and support the Canadian music industry. Also for Canadian artists, they would get more opportunities to let the masses to hear their music. However, from my point of view, CanCon works the opposite way. Reasons are as follows.
In order for Canada to share an equal part in the overall media industry as any other country, Canadian content regulations must be in place. CanCon regulations should be enforced on Canadian media content, as it is a crucial aspect of national culture, representative of the country as a whole. Without such regulations determined by CanCon, Canadian society risks becoming lost within the commotion of international media and their varied interests.
In the 1990s, 95% of feature films, about 70% of retail sales of sound recordings, 60% of television programs come from abroad, overwhelmingly from the United States. 80% of magazines, 70% of books come from abroad, of which overwhelmingly from the United States especially in the educational publication, only 25 %of educational book publishers in Canada were Canadian. At the supermarkets, the shops such as McDonald’s, Wal-Mart chain stores went into Canada on a ...
The Hidden Relationship Between Government and Media Rather than being a neutral conduit for the communication of information, the U.S. media plays an intricate role in shaping and controlling political opinions. Media is extremely powerful in the sense that without an adequate functioning media, it is virtually impossible for a sophisticated social structure like the U.S. Government to exist. Henceforth, all known sophisticated social structures, have always been dependent upon the media’s ability to socialize. The U.S. government generally exploits the media, often times manipulating the enormous power of the printed word. Ultimately empowering the U.S. government, strengthening it with the ability to determine and control the popular perception of reality.
Every human possesses some guaranteed basic freedoms and rights, whether it is the freedom of speech, or the freedom to express themselves. However, the government seems to be increasingly determined to limit these freedoms using censorship to confine these rights that we usually take for granted. The most important facet of media in general is that it allows people to express themselves freely. In fact, this freedom of expression that music allows us is one of the primary reasons why it exists. Sadly, many of the current artists have forgotten that, but nonetheless, censorship seems to always be there to limit the expression of those who choose to place deeper messages in their songs. Tackling censorship is much more important than it appears to be at the surface; to take down censorship would help preserve the expression of thought. It would help preserve the right to listen to the unaltered forms of everything. Most importantly, it would help preserve the rapidly weakening basic right of speech.