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Theories of religion
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Wuthnow believes that certain things are taken for granted by inclusivists, diving into two of his reasons. First, on one hand, being inclusivist implies taking for granted having a uniquely special relation to the truth. On the other, they believe that it does not matter who you worship, or what religion you belong to. Therefore, being an inclusivist often makes a contradiction. Simply put, believing you are the only right church, but that everyone is right too (131). Second, inclusivists tend to believe in God, social shoppers on the other hand often believe in a higher power. Often this is taken for granted, that God is a God, and not a general power like some religions believe. This is often reconciled by inclusivists with the expression that God is love, and that it is, in fact, impossible to separate anyone from God (143).
Often being an inclusivist means viewing and interpreting religions through their own religion. That everyone is taking their own path to your destination. For example, inclusivist Christians believe that other religions are coming to understand the same God, the Christian God, through a different culture. How accepting is that? Although I’ll admit that not all
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On one hand, I believe in religious freedom, therefore accepting of diversity, as is their right. On the other, I am not religious. If we are willing to accept that the definition of inclusivism could fit within the bounds of secularism then yes, I am an inclusivist. However, if the term means specifically those that are religious than no, I am not. Wuthnow I believe would not categorize me as an inclusivist. When he talks about inclusivism he talks about those that are religious and their relationship with other religions. I cannot recall an instance in which the title of inclusivist was placed those that are secular. However, to myself, I am an inclusivist, as I believe in inclusion of religions, through religious
Larger groups hold a selfish and egoistical nature and do not care about others. “Societies, he argues, effectively gather up only individuals’ selfish impulses, not their capacities for unselfish consideration toward others.” (Imsong,1999, “Reinhold”, para. 9)
John Knowles' best-known work, A Separate Peace, remains one of the most popular post-war novels about adolescence. Although set in World War II, the novel explores a crucial cultural theme of the '50s, the motivations of a young man making a troubled transition from childhood to adulthood. Like the novels Lord of the Flies and Catcher in the Rye, as well as the film Rebel Without a Cause, A Separate Peace dramatizes the challenge of growing up to be a truly individual adult in a conformist world.
Heschel, Abraham Joshua. Man Is Not Alone; a Philosophy of Religion. New York: Farrar, Straus & Young, 1951. Print.
You would be lying to yourself if you thought that an attempt of a society based solely on hate has not tried to survive throughout our human history. A totalitarian society is defined as a centralized government that doesn’t tolerate parties with differing opinion and that exercises dictatorial control over many aspects of life. There have been various attempts to design a totalitarian type of government, but all have failed for more than one reason. A society based solely on hate can’t survive due to the obstacles of freethinkers and challenges of forcing an emotion like hate on people would destroy the society slowly from the inside out.
In Brave New World by Aldous Huxley stability and group happiness outweigh individualism and truth. Each person within the society must pay a price for the group's stability and happiness. As the Controller says, “Happiness has got to be paid for” (Huxley 228). Everyone pays, but not many realize it. This is shown all throughout the book through characters like Bernard, John, and Lenina.
In Maclure and Taylor’s essay, they discuss the legitimacy of allowing religious accommodations that allow people to follow their beliefs. In an excerpt of the article, Maclure and Taylor talk about how some people believe that religious beliefs are “expensive tastes”. In that section, Maclure and Taylor list out reasons both for and against the opinions about whether or not religious beliefs are expensive tastes. Overall, Maclure and Taylor are not successful in convincing their readers that religious beliefs are a legitimate reason for accommodation, rather, their counter arguments are more convincing than their arguments.
The sociological studies on cults and those who join them have found “that many of the converts are young people, often without strong family ties, who are unsuccessful in dealing with life’s problems and are seeking instant solutions supplied by others” (U.S. News and World Report 23).
The Help by Katherine Stockett and Marriage is a Private Affair by Chinua Achebe both expresses the issues with segregation through character development. These two stories are set in a time period where segregation was an everyday thing and not viewed as poorly as it is today. However, with this said, the same morals that we have today about segregation, especially over something so trivial as the color of their skin, were held by some and these people were the ones who actually stood up against this discrimination and did something about it. These stories are about people like this, the people who aren’t afraid to stand up against something they know is wrong, even in the face of danger. In The Help and Marriage is a Private Affair the characters that are being discriminated against are characterized as upset with the way they are treated, and although the others are pushing them down they remain strong and able to fight for what they believe in, and what they know deep down is right.
“Families and other social groups tremendously affect how people think, feel, and act, but individuals vary in their susceptibility to a “group think” and groups vary in the amount of pressure they exert for conformity”( thebowencenter.org, p.1). The differentiation of self-concept is based on the views of others. Individuals are thoughts and actions are based on their group’s pressure. In Christianity, groups are used as a way to connect to God and grow closer to the community. Certain churches encourages groups to gather, to communicate and help each other through difficulties. In Christianity, “group think” is integrated as well. Christianity is based on what people express at church, we listen to the pastor and feel similar feelings of
Fundamentalist movements have many commonalities, such as anti-modern sentiments and the belief that they are the chosen or true believers of God. These radical views have led to the creation of the fundamentalist enclave and have determined how it reacts to the outside secular world. The fundamentalists’ stance toward the outside world is dependent on their assessment of the secular world, as well as the role they believe they are meant to play in the divine plan (Almond, Appleby, & Sivan, 2003, p. 148). The one point that fundamentalist groups are in agreement on is the fact that God’s world is not meant to be pluralistic; therefore the enemy must be vanquished. The four basic orientations in which fundamentalist movements are classified are the world conqueror, world transformer, world creator, and world renouncer.
Today, the United States is still a racially segregated society. Getting into college is the first step in a student’s postsecondary educational journey, an academically strong start in college is the second because grades can either expand or limit opportunities for successfully completing a college degree . College students face many obstacles throughout their pursuit of higher education. Racial Segregation can affect college academic performance in a variety of ways. Segregation represents a major structural feature influencing success in college. Segregation experienced in childhood can influence later academic performance through a rage of channels. Segregation has other, more contemporaneous influences on academic performance. Massey
The International Church of Christ is a family of churches spread across 152 nations in the world. With its roots in the early 1970’s, it has spread so rapidly primarily because of its ambitions to have churches in every country, city, town, and village in the world to teach the lessons of God and optimize salvation for all. In 2008, there were 88,000 members and only 590 congregations; however, in 2013 there were reportedly 103,000 members in 650 international congregations. These hundreds of congregations are in fact racially integrated and made up of a very diverse population of people from different age groups as well as economic and social backgrounds (ICOC HotNews). Apparently, this New Religious Movement has been deemed a “cult” due to its intense recruiting tactics as well as its controversial discipleship practices, and has been banned from dozens of college campuses across the country including those of Boston University, Marquette University, University of Southern California, Northeastern University, and Vanderbilt University (Index, 2005).
He claims that the only differentiation between magic and religion is the lack of unity of people living the same life in magic, as he expresses ‘the magician stands aloof’. The concept of the ‘Church’ is the communal faith and the similar view towards the relations between the sacred and profane. This is a popular belief among sociologists of religion. Northcott, who supports Durkheim’s religion definition, expresses that ‘religion is therefore a source of social and moral order, binding the members of society to a common social project, a set of shared values and social goals’ (1999). It is true that Durkheim regarded religion as a product of society and claimed all religion was the origin of moral beliefs. Furthermore, due to the belief that religion is a reflection of society, Durkheim rejects the belief that religiously diverse societies could successfully integrate. Stark et al believe that ‘it does not seem to have occurred to him that several faiths could generate independent, co-existing moral
“The only way to identify the requirements of justice is to see how each particular community understands the value of social goods”(Kymlicka 211). This is the approach to justice from the communitarian. Communitarianism in the last few decades has sparked in popularity among political philosophers. Communitarians believe that political theories, such as classic liberalism, leaves out the importance and significance of the community. The communitarian respects and upholds social practices and traditions as a way of governing, and as a way of justice. Because of the importance of the cultural aspect, this political current is thought of as a cultural relativist approach to justice. The communitarian does not accept the notion of being able to detach the self from roles of society. While communitarianism shows a great respect for cultural practices and tradition, it is an incomplete theory on the notion of being able to protect individual citizens from social institutions, like the community itself.
Seclusionists do exist in the 21st Century and they had a tremendous influence on our most recent presidential election. President elect Trump's message of stricter immigration control resonated with Seclusionists. "Make America Great Again" was a slogan Seclusionists agreed with wholeheartedly. Nationalism is important to Seclusionists. Given the results of this election, I seriously question whether a portion of America has truly moved beyond this lens.