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Analysing motivation theories
Analysing motivation theories
Motivation theories case study
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Some of the first elements of quests that usually come to mind include dragons, knights in shining armor, searches for ornate hidden treasures, and fairytale endings; however, the word quest simply means a journey. Often times people go on a quest in search of something they desire, but as protagonist Neddy Merrill discovers, the quest does not always turn out as planned and instead leads the quester in the direction of self-discovery. In his 1964 short story “The Swimmer,” John Cheever depicts the disastrous downfall of a man who impulsively decides to journey home through a course of swimming pools, but instead unconsciously escaping reality.
Neddy Merrill abruptly decides to begin his journey home one Sunday afternoon during the summer while lounging around a friend’s pool after a night of lavish partying and drinking the previous night. His journey starts out promising as fluffy cumulous clouds and shimmering swimming pools guide him toward his destination. This bright, cheerful weather gives Neddy’s forthcoming journey an optimistic air. Bruce Fogelman suggests that at the beginning of his journey Neddy views his life similar to stagnant water, “static yet unconfined” (3). Neddy desires to escape what he sees as his normal, boring life even though he lives a quite comfortable middle-class life. He fails to appreciate what he has and instead goes out looking for bigger, better things. Robert M. Slabey also describes Neddy as an escapist, adding that Neddy has plenty of material items, but nothing ever fully satisfies him (3). These characteristics Neddy possesses make him look like a child, further demonstrated when Cheever describes Neddy as a man with “the slenderness of youth,” eager to swim home in an attempt to prove h...
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... on the 5:42: John Cheever's Short Fiction." Critical Essays on John Cheever. Boston: G.K. Hall &, 1982. 33. Print.
"The Dream Unravels." John Cheever: A Study of the Short Fiction. James Eugene O'Hara. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1989. 56-70. Twayne's Studies in Short Fiction 9. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 28 Feb. 2014.
Fogelman, Bruce. "A Key Pattern of Images in John Cheever's Short Fiction." Studies in Short Fiction 26.4 (Fall 1989): 463-472. Rpt. inShort Story Criticism. Ed. Anja Barnard. Vol. 38. Detroit: Gale Group, 2000. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 28 Feb. 2014.
Slabey, Robert M. "John Cheever: The 'Swimming' of America." Critical Essays on John Cheever. Ed. R. G. Collins. Boston: G. K. Hall & Co., 1983. 180-191. Rpt. in Short Story Criticism. Ed. Janet Witalec. Vol. 57. Detroit: Gale, 2003. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 28 Feb. 2014.
In the book, The Bean Trees by Barbara Kingsolver, the notion of a quest is very prevalent. According to Thomas Foster, a Quest consists of five things a quester, a place to go, a reason to go there, challenges and trials, and an actual purpose (Foster). Taylor Greer’s journey in The Bean Trees embodies Foster’s ideals through which she gains self-knowledge, learns to thrive and finds her place in the world.
Robinson, Daniel. "Getting It Right: The Short Fiction of Tim O'Brien." Studies in Contemporary Fiction. 40.3 (1999): 257. Expanded Academic ASAP.
"Unit 2: Reading & Writing About Short Fiction." ENGL200: Composition and Literature. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. 49-219. Web. 19 Apr. 2014.
Studies In Short Fiction 18.1 (1981): 65. Literary Reference Center. Web. The Web. The Web.
These changes getting older weaker, act as a metaphor for a larger portion of Neddy’s life than the literal journey he undertakes on this afternoon. He has lost his social standing, his money, his wife and children and possibly his mind. In other words, his entire life.
Rpt. in Short Story Criticism. Ed. Joseph Palmisano. Vol.
(Sept. 1976): 35-39. Rpt. in Short Story Criticism. Ed. Carol T. Gaffke. Vol. 26. Detroit:
...n American Literature. By Henry Louis. Gates and Nellie Y. McKay. 2nd ed. New York: W.W. Norton &, 2004. 387-452. Print.
Through symbolism the author shows us how Neddy goes from social drinking to destitution. Each stop at a neighbor’s pool gets progressively harder, but he keeps on. Neddy ignores these signs and becomes beaten and finally alone. This truly is a sad journey of a man who destroys himself through alcohol. As the story ends, Neddy realizes that he is alone. Will he change? Get help for his alcoholism? The author leaves us hanging, but at this point we know he is alone, everyone has abandoned him. Neddy has followed the stereotypical footsteps of an alcoholic.
Cheever, John, ”The Swimmer”, Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. Ed. X. J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia. 12th ed. San Francisco: Longman, 2013.250-257
Robinson, Daniel. "Getting It Right: The Short Fiction of Tim O'Brien." Studies in Contemporary Fiction. 40.3 (1999): 257. Expanded Academic ASAP.
Belasco, Susan, and Linck Johnson, eds. The Bedford Anthology of American Literature. Vol. 1, 2nd Ed., Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2014. 1190-1203. Print.
Works Cited “American Literature 1865-1914.” Baym 1271. Baym, Nina et al. Ed. The Norton Anthology of American Literature.
...or granted. Neddy's desire to swim home does not end the way he would like it to. He is at the end of his journey, and is now faced with reality. He is all alone, and has lost everything he thought made him successful. He started out as a social drinker just like everyone else. He started to need alcohol, and became an embarrassment to his family and friends. He drank more to avoid his problems. His alcoholism led to his affair, and the end of his marriage to Lucinda. His denial led to his desperate pleas for money and alcohol from his friends. He ruined his social and financial standing. In the end, Neddy Merrill destroyed his American dream.
Moby Dick, written by Herman Melville, is believed by some to be the greatest literary works of all time. The book takes place in the 1840s and seems greatly advanced for its time. Herman Melville uses many literary techniques that bring about severe imagery as well as insight and education to the readers. One concept that is conveyed in Moby Dick is the journey itself. This is broken into the physical journey, the spiritual journey, and life’s journey.