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Compare and contrast medieval and renaissance music
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart vs Ludwig van Beethoven
Music during the Renaissance period
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Summary Paper Throughout this semester we have discussed an array of musical periods ranging from the Middle Ages and Renaissance to more recent modern times. As music progressed through time certain concepts such as melody, harmony, and texture changed along with the introduction of different instruments. In the early phases of music it was more directed toward religious ceremonies, but as time went on it became integrated into everyday life. Even though musical dynamics seem to change as the years go on, it has never failed to create some form of emotional response such as laughter or sadness. The first period discussed in class was the Medieval and Renaissance period. The middle ages unknowingly prepared the world for the great advances in scientific ideas along with the innovational ideas related to music that would occur in the Renaissance Period. The most well known composers of this medieval era consisted of Hildegard and Machaut. Both of these musical artists used small conjunct melodies with nonmetric or triple meters. However, the static harmony greatly contributed to the chants that made medieval period truly memorable. The Second Period we discussed was the Baroque era. This era …show more content…
It consisted of some the greatest composers the world has ever seen, such as Ludwig Van Beethoven and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Both of these astonishing composers were considered child prodigies at young age along with receiving a great amount of influence from Franz Joseph Hayden. However, the variety of music they played differentiated in certain way such as how Beethoven’s pieces seem to have vastly different pitches that seemed to create a dramatic tension. Mozart’s musical creations were immensely different since it created an emotional sensation of calmness and peace. He also greatly appreciated the piano, which he managed to use in a majority of his
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart baptized as Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart lived from January 27, 1756 to December 5, 1791. Mozart was a very influential and prolific composer of more than 600 works, including symphonies, concertante, chamber, piano, opera, and choral music. Regarded as a child prodigy, Mozart composed and performed in the European courts from the age of five, and was engaged at the Salzburg court at 17. Mozart’s musical style can be classified as Classical, although he learned from many of his contemporaries throughout his musical career. In order to better understand Mozart’s genius it is best to begin looking at his earliest contributions to the musical world as a child. From there, an exploration of his composition work in the employ of various patrons gives a more rounded picture of the development of Mozart’s musical style. Mozart is one of the most enduring composers, with his work continuing to resonate with modern audiences.
In 500 A.D., western civilization began to emerge from the period known as "The Dark Ages," a time in which many invading forces ruled Europe and brought an end to the Roman Empire. For the next hundred year, the newly emerging Christian Church would soon govern Europe, administering justice, initiating the Crusades against the East, creating Universities, and for the most part dictating the destiny of music, art and literature. Pope Gregory I is believed to have collected the music known as Gregorian Chant, which was the approved music of the Church. Later, Notre Dame in Paris was accredited, with the creation of a new kind of music called organum. Which was created by much more melodic phrases then Gregorian Chant, organum was also the first type of music too utilize fourth and fifth intervals, which would become one of the building blocks of modern musical theory. Music in the church had not changed much during this time as said by Charles Burney in A General History of Music Volume I, “Music in the church, however, appears to have undergone no other change at this time than in being applied in some parts of the service…”(57). A type popular music began to erupt and was sung all over Europe by the troubadours and trouvères of France. The troubadours and trouvères played mainly lutes (a primitive guitar) and sung songs, which everyday people could appreciate and identify with. And it was during the middle Ages that western culture saw the arrival of the first great name in music, Guillaume de Machaut. De Machaut polyphonic style did not catch with many during the middle ages, but would later influence a flood of composers during the Renaissance.
Gregorian chant is recognized by its calm, ethereal sound. The magical sound comes from the unfamiliar church modes. It as little sense of beat and was often improvised, producing an uncertain and floating rhythm. The melody could be simple or elaborate based on the importance of text the chant is set to (Book). Gregorian chant was passed through oral tradition and only began notating to ensure musical uniformity. Neither dynamic markings nor instrument indication appear on the notations that have been preserved, so little is known about how the music actually sounded. Occasionally, the vocalized melody was accompanied by a drone, which consists of one or more long, sustained notes at the interval of a perfect fifth (Sherrane).
There is a growing body of work in the philosophy of music and musical aesthetics that has considered the various ways that music can be meaningful: music as representational (that is, musical depictions of persons, places, processes, or events); musical as quasi-linguistic reference (as when a musical figure underscores the presence of a character in a film or opera), and most especially, music as emotionally expressive. Here I will focus on the last topic, for I believe it will be useful for researchers in music perception and cognition to avail themselves of the distinctions that aestheticians have worked out regarding the musical expression of emotion.
Music throughout the ages has changed dramatically. Starting in the Medieval period, from 400-1475, music was in the form of what is called the Gregorian chant. Instruments were very rarely used at this time. Since songs during this period were either troubadour or trouvere these chants had no real harmony. One example of this type of medieval composition is “Viderunt Omnes” by Leoninus. Like most Gregorian chants the texture of this piece is monophonic and polyphonic. “Viderunt Omnes” is a typical Gregorian chant in that it uses diatonic, not chromatic notes of the scale. Musical compositions during the Medieval period was made mostly by members of the church for the church. It was and is a very slow and steady movement that was meant to create a feeling of peace for worship purposes.
Music in the Renaissance differed from medieval music because Renaissance music tended to be more complex and polyphonic, while medieval music was often monophonic with one melody. Most music in the medieval era was written for religious services because the catholic church prohibited any other music. With the rise of the renaissance era, music was used for many other reasons. Composers created complex music by using notation and musical forms. During the medieval era, music often contained one tone and one or no instruments. Instruments were more widely accepted in music during the Renaissance.
"Music is a common experience and a large part of societies. In fact, anthropologists note that all human communities at all times and in all places, have engaged in musical behaviours. Music as a mode of human activity is a cultural phenomenon constituting a fundamental social entity as humans create music and create their relationship to music. As cultural phenomeno...
The Genius of Mozart documentary it starts with Mozart’s father, Leopold Mozart, which Wolfgang Mozart had got his passion of music from. They were close with one another and developed a close bond that connected with no only Father and Son but as well as music. His father was not only his father; he was a teacher to Mozart. Mozart’s father said he was a light that was contributed to others, and that he would not belong to just one class. As Wolfgang Mozart grew up, he had to deal with an illness called arthritis. Leopold was close to his son and he knew everything about Mozart from top to bottom. Even things that we still to this day do not know about Mozart. Mozart uses music to express his emotions like many other composers do as well. Mozart
Mozart was talented in music from an early age at three he was picking out chords on the harpsichord, at four playing short pieces, at five composing. Before he was six, his father took him and his sister , to Munich to play at the Bavarian court, and a few months later they went to Vienna and were heard at the imperial court and in noble houses. At the age of seven, he picked up a violin at a musical gathering and sight-read the second part of a work with complete accuracy, despite his never having had a violin lesson.In the years 1763-1766 Leopold obtained a leave of absence from his position and the family set out on...
The Middle Ages, also known as Medieval Era, was a period in history dating back to 476 CE through the early fifteenth century. During this period the church was viewed as a dominating force that led intellectual and cultural life. As emphasis on the church and religion grew, many aspects of everyday life were influenced and shaped towards a more spiritual ideal. Therefore, music began to reflect the practices and teachings of the church in attempt to inspire worshippers and encourage praise; singing the church texts did this. Although music provided other entertainment and secular values, its main purpose was a sacred and religious one. Mass was seen as the most important church service of the day with intentions of teaching the difference between good and evil. In order to maintain this sense of morality, music incorporated the church teachings into its text as a way to keep religious practices lively and increase worship participation during church.
Mozart had a child’s heart. The reason that he looked like a child because his father always over-cares about him: never let him travel alone and deny his dream in Salzburg. (Head, 1999) Moreover, Mozart loved making jokes and he could not form relationships with adults. On the contrary, Beethoven had a very strong personality, which means he was independent, and he was quite difficult to get along with. He has his own faith, and he believed in God: No one should bother him. (Bennett, 1878)
Today, around the world, music creates an impact on our culture and history. Specifically, in the Middle Ages, music was used in such a way, that society grew around it. Many things have changed about this subject, including instruments, vocals, and style, but the impact that still reaches our society today remains the same.
Although instruments are not necessary for music, what would it be like if they didn’t exist? What would western music be without the likes of the piano, violin, horn, or organ? The evolution of instruments has helped shape what we know as western music. Without each step in this process being taken things could have come very differently. This paper serves as a type of time-line that relates how this progression of instruments had an impact on historical western music.
“Mary had a little lamb, little lamb, little lamb; Mary had a little lamb, whose fleece was white as snow.” For centuries “Mary had a little lamb” has become one of the most universally recognized nursery rhythms since being published in 1830. Centuries later it is still one of the most popular songs of the world. Merriam Dictionary defines music as “the science or art of ordering tones or sounds in succession, in combination, and in temporal relationships to produce a composition having unity and continuity.” With that in mind, music is found everywhere. Whether it’s in the Great Wall of China to the jungles in Africa, music is found everywhere. The main purpose of this paper is to show that music is in fact a universal language by comparing music with other official languages, showing how music influences emotions and how music literacy and emotions helps people understand music as a language. In order to fully execute my purpose of proving that music is a universal language, I will be focusing on using personal experiences, researching articles and specific musical examples from class.
In conclusion towards the arguments and observations, musical expression consists in presenting emotion characteristics in appearance. It turns out people listen to music as having a purposeful nature and that it has an effect on psychological emotions. If there is a case in which music showing emotional qualities with no reference to feelings, there is a case of happy music that is not powerful of happiness.