During the 20th century, there were many outlaws and crimes that made history and left their mark on society. The murder of Quebec prison guard Dianne Lavigne , in Montreal, by Hells Angels members Stephane “Godass” Gagne and Andre “Touts” Tousignant under the orders of Maurice “Mom” Boucher was one of these exact instances. Based on the Hells Angels attempt to destabilize the justice system, her assassination and that of Pierre Rondeau not long after were committed in 1997. As will become evident, the murder of Dianne Lavigne resulted in the incarceration of those who were responsible, the police repression of biker activity, and the revulsion of the public while generating fear within the judicial system.
Not long after Dianne Lavigne’s murder on June 26th 1997, the perpetrators began to receive the penalties of their actions. Stephane Gagne, who was a shooter in both murders, was arrested on December 5th 1997. He pleaded guilty to Dianne’s murder and was sentenced to 25 years in prison. He cut a deal with the prosecution where he received 140$ a month for privileges in prison and 400$ a month for his son. In exchange, he agreed to be the main witness for the first-degree murder trail against “Mom” Boucher for both murders in 2002 . Tousignant, who was the second shooter in the murder, was told by Boucher to lay low. Instead, he got involved in a drunken argument at a saloon that raised concerns of him being a loose cannon. Boucher took precautions to ensure that he would not be another snitch used in his trial and on December 6th of 1997 called “Touts” in. He was later found February 7th 1998 near Bromont fingerless and scorched with several bullet wounds . Boucher was first tried in 1998 for masterminding the assassinations a...
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Langton, Jerry. Fallen Angel: The unlikely rise of Walter Stadnick in the Canadian Hells Angels. Mississauga: John Wiley & Sons Canada, 2006.
Schneider, Stephen. Iced: The story of organized crime in Canada. Mississauga: John Wiley and Sons, 2009.
Sher, Julian and Marsden, William. The road to hell: How the biker gangs are conquering Canada. Toronto: Alfred A. Knopf Canada, 2003.
Showmafia1. “Documentary-gangs-Hells Angels-Montreal, Canada.” YouTube video 44:22. Published by “showmafia1,” March 3rd, 2013, accessed March 12, 2014. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GqDKdgjrhws.
Wilton, Katherine. “ Ex-Hells Angels hit man seeks early parole under ‘faint hope’ clause” The Gazette (Montreal), March 3rd, 2014. Accessed March 14, 2014.
http://www.montrealgazette.com/news/Hells+Angels+seeks+early+parole+under+faint+hope+clause/9573973/story.html.
In June 2014, Justin Bourque was charged with three counts of first-degree murder and two counts of attempted murder after shooting three RCMP officers and wounding two others in Moncton, New Brunswick (Chronicle Herald 2014). He was subsequently convicted and sentenced to life in prison with no chance of parole for seventy-five years (Chronicle Herald 2014). Bourque’s sentence is unprecedented and is the longest sentence in Canadian history (Chronicle Herald 2014). A Canadian judge has not given a harsh a punishment since the final executions in 1962 (Chronicle Herald 2014).
Throughout history there has been considerable tension between race and crimes committed. The court trial of Bernhard Goetz initiated debate on race and crime in the major cities, and the limitations of self-defense. Bernhard Goetz in 1984 shot five bullets in a New York City subway, seriously wounding four young black men. After turning himself into the police nine days later, the public now knew who was the shooter. Bernhard Goetz was entitled the “Subway Vigilante”. The subway shooting incident ideally exemplified the exasperation with the high crime rates of the 1980s. Due to the time period that this incident occurred, Bernhard Goetz was commended and reviled in the media surrounding the case, and the public’s standpoint. The subway shooting, and the court trial following the shooting, lead to the uprise of the fight against crime in major cities. Justice is difficult to define, and in controversial acquittal of Bernhard Goetz, justice in this sense, was not served.
A society that presumes a norm of violence and celebrates aggression, whether in the subway, on the football field, or in the conduct of its business, cannot help making celebrities of the people who would destroy it. Unfortunately, such acts of rampage have become a prevalent factor in the Canadian culture. As a result of endless media coverage, Canadians now are constantly bombarded with numerous images of violence. Many of which often portray a victim avenging their opponent by means of force. Thus, indoctrinating a nation of individuals to believe that it is only through aggression that problems can be resolved. Rather than being punished for acts of violence, those who commit such offenses are often praised for their “heroism”. In addition, the success of films like The Godfather, Gladiator, and Troy further aid in reinstating the fact that we live in a society that praises violence. Furthermore, this ideology allows for individuals to partake in violent acts with little or no backlash from ones community. However, when an individual strays away from the “norm”, they are likely to then be viewed as a deviant. Such cases of rejection within a society, are often seen in the portrayal of serial killers. Although our society tends to condone violence when it is directed towards a specific individual(s), it does not allow the killing of innocent bystanders. Instead, crimes that are targeted against a number of people over a long period of time, entail the harshest forms punishments under the law. Sadly, in executing the law for said crimes, those in charge often face much public scrutiny. Such occurrences were apparent in the faulty murder investigations of Canada's most notorious serial killer Robert Pickton. This is due to the ...
Alexis de Tocqueville’s observation of the American prison system brought out several interesting facts about America and how it governs itself. He talks of the danger of greed for money, the importance of forming associations, and the power of influence in town government. Although many of his observations have since changed, many of them bring about legitimate points about American government and society.
References: Gardner, Dan. “The Missing Piece to the Gang Violence Debate.” Essay Writing for Canadian
Pinot, S, Wardlow, G, 'Political Violence', Australian Institute of Criminology, 1989, Retrieved 15 March 2011,
Tanovich, D. M. (2006). The colour of justice: Policing race in Canada. Toronto, Ontario: Irwin Law.
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Since he cares little for the affairs of the world, claiming they do not mean anything, then justice—a major concern of the world—also means nothing to him. His actions both before and after his decision to kill a man without provocation demonstrate his apathetic view of the world, and his indifference to justice. Therefore Meursault’s search for justice, culminated by the court’s decision to execute him, remains an example to all of the inability of society to instill justice in criminals. Meursault’s perpetual refusal to acquire a sense of morality and emotion instigates skepticism in all who learn of his story of society’s true ability to instill justice in the
How to appropriately and fairly carry out criminal justice matters is something that every country struggles with. A major reason for this struggle is the fallibility of the justice system. It is acceptable to concede that the possibility of human error in every case and investigation may lead to a wrongful conviction. In the case of David Milgaard, however, Canada's Criminal Justice System not only erred, but failed grievously, resulting in millions of dollars wasted, in a loss of public confidence in the system, and most tragically, in the robbery of two decades of one man's life. Factors including, but not limited to, the social context at the time of the crime, the social perception of deviance, the influence of the media, and the misconduct of investigating police and prosecution played a substantial role in the subsequent miscarriage of justice.
Stoffman, Daniel. Who gets in: What's wrong with Canada's immigration program, and how to fix it. Toronto: Macfarlane Walter & Ross, 2002.
This book review covers Policing Gangs in America by Charles Katz and Vincent Webb. Charles Katz has a Ph.D. in Criminal Justice, while Vincent Webb has a Ph.D. in Sociology, making both qualified to conduct and discuss research on gangs. Research for Policing Gangs in America was gathered in four cities across the American Southwest; Inglewood, California, Albuquerque, New Mexico, Las Vegas, Nevada, and Phoenix, Arizona. This review will summarize and discuss the main points of each chapter, then cover the relationship between the literature and class discussions in Introduction to Policing and finally it will note the strengths and weaknesses of book.
“Teen Gangs”. (2009, Apr. 9). Issues & Controversies On File. Retrieved Mar. 29, 2014, from Issues & Controversies database.
The documentary Crips and Bloods: Made in America, can be analyzed through three works: “Modern Theories of Criminality” by C.B. de Quirόs, “Broken Windows” by James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling and “Social Structure and Anomie” by Robert K. Merton.
Christopher, Liam. “Mother ‘vindicated’ after girl’s murder suspect held.” Daily Post. 18 Aug. 2006: 19. Proquest Newsstand. Web. 28 Feb. 2014.