One of the largest industries today, bringing in millions upon millions of dollars world wide is the movie industry. It is surprising to think that it was all started because of a bet. In 1878 Eadweard Muybridge was hired to determined whether or not a horse left the ground when galloping. he set up 12 cameras in a row on a track that photographed a horse running when the horse was in front of the camera. He not only found out that a horse does have all four legs off the ground, but when you show these in rapid succession they resemble movement. This started Muybridge researching what all you can do with this discovery Muybridge created these projections that would be models taking several pictures doing an activity, then played back quickly. …show more content…
He didn’t have the technology to do more than a handful of picture with a few frames per second. The motion isn’t smooth, but there is recognizable motion. There is also the beginning of portraying women differently than men. Muybridge primarily photographed women and they were rarely clothed. This developed the male gaze, which meant films were made by men for men. After Muybridge’s photography became recognized, there were several other developers that were interested in the new technology. One was Edison, who was looking for something to market with his new phonograph. He hired W. K. L. Dickson to the research for him. He developed a Kinetograph that took several 35mm pictures rapidly. With this he made several short films like Edison Kinetoscopic Record of a Sneeze. This was a short film that purely recorded a man sneezing against a black background. Dickson saw the promise in this and they built a studio that called The Black Maria. The studio was shack with one end a camera and on the other a area for things to be photographed and an open roof right above it. These films small under a minute under a minute shot. A lot of the acts Edison got to come The Black Maria were vaudeville acts that made a lot of money in small private showings. Some of the films included Sandow Flexing His Muscles, The Kiss, Ella Lola’s Turkish Dance. These didn’t show much in terms of emotion or story in the films. The Lumière brothers were also developing their motion picture camera. They called it the Cinematographe. Their camera not only captured photos, but printed and projected them. They made several of their own short films that were similar to Edison’s in length, but were much more interesting in content. They brought the camera out into the real world and filmed documentary style films they called actualities. They shot these films with a slightly more complicated composition, such as when they shot the the train coming towards the camera at an angle in L’Arrivee d’un Train compared to shooting it perpendicular. There were other films that captured real life such as Workers Leaving the Lumiere Factory, Firemen Answering the Call, Snowball Fight, Demolition of a Wall, Feeding the Baby, Quarreling Infants, A Game of Cards, Children Digging Shrimp, and Swimming in the Sea. As you can tell from the titles, what happens in the films is what’s in the titles. There isn’t any storylines or narratives. The Lumière brothers are purely recording events that happen. In the film Feeding the Baby, the baby even offers food that he doesn’t want to the camera man. In each of these films the Lumière brothers made sure that everyone looked nice and it was visually pleasing. There was one film that was especially interesting. This was the film Watering the Gardener. It told a short story of a kid interrupting the water on a hose and the gardener spraying himself for it. The gardener then got his revenge for this act. They still didn’t know you could move a camera. When the action got away from the camera, they actors would bring it back in front of the camera, which is what they had to do in Watering the Gardener. The Lumière brothers and Edison made several more films just like these for a while after this, along with a few other people wanting to experiment along with them. There were other people that saw more in this medium than they did. One was Georges Méliès. He wanted to see what all you can do with a moving picture. He helped invent a lot of the special effects and conventions seen today. By his time, telling stories was more commonplace than before. Now films weren’t just documenting real life, but instead inventing a new world. He used different techniques like jump cuts, multiple exposures, and dissolves to tell more interesting stories. In one of his earlier films, Four Troublesome Heads (1898), you can see the seams in the mattes he used to create four different copies of his head. Although, in his most famous film Journey to the Moon (1902) Méliès used many other techniques to tell the first science fiction story of a professor getting launched to the moon and back. In this film he created very beautiful painted sets along with complicated special effects to create this non-existent beautiful world. Méliès would do more experiments with cameras in an attempt to unlock their full potential. Sadly, many of his films, like many of the films of this time are lost to history because of extremely poor conservation techniques used in the early days of Cinema. Méliès had cut his films entirely continuous believing that audiences wouldn’t understand the film if it was done any other way. Many filmmakers at this time believed that there was no other way to make a film other than that it was continuous. Edwin S Porter did not think that this was the case. In one of his early films Life of an American Fireman (1903) he starts cuts from one location and story to another in an entirely different location. This increases the suspense in the whole story as we have two increasing events that will have the same climax. This is hasn’t ever been done before, because they believed that the audience could not follow what was happening. Porter would use this again in his later more popular film The Great Train Robbery. The Great Train Robbery (1903) is widely considered the first movie, even though it’s really hard to be sure of that.
Regardless of if it is or not, it helped create many of the conventions found today. In addition to Life of an American Fireman, it was not edited continuously. It would cut to different locations with different characters to help the main story. This was revolutionary at the time and is commonplace today. The Great Train Robbery also featured new things like pans and tilts. This is very noticeable when the criminals run down the hill next to the train track. The camera needs to follow them but since this isn’t a regular move they do, it is very stuttered and shaky. These were done out of necessity to follow the action taking place, they had not realized a new artistic convention was being invented. The film also features a process in the development stage called toning. Toning is when you color the entire frame in a film a certain color. The Great Train Robbery has a sepia tone over the entire film. Sepia tone today is now associated with westerns partially because of the this film. The film also features some tinting. Tinting is when you colorize only a certain part of the film in the development stage. They tinted the red dress in the girl, the dresses in the hoe-down, and the gunfire and explosions. They use these coloring to increase the dramatic effect. Even though it looks really rough the additions help the film. The film employs a lot of Méliès’s techniques he had worked on including jump cuts, rear projection and multiple exposure. This film also started the star system that would soon become very prominent of western cinema. Broncho Billy Anderson had a few famous deaths in this film and would later become an extremely famous film producer because of his dramatic deaths. The film as a whole was meant to be an exciting ride that the audience would experience. The film really did its job well because when people would watch it they would
have very dramatic reactions to what was going on in the film. People in the audience would run out of the theater when they saw the train coming towards the camera. They would also duck and cover when the man shot the gun at the camera at the end of the film. A lot of aspects of The Great Train Robbery are very familiar to what films are today. The film did an extraordinary amount in making conventions in mainstream film today.
The characteristics, features and conventions of Stagecoach (John Ford, 1939) allow this film to fit directly under the title of Classical Hollywood cinema. The film uses a few main characters that the audience members get to know well and create their own feelings for. In Stagecoach, there are nine main characters that the audience gets to know well, Dallas, Ringo Kid, Buck, Hatfield, Doc Boone, Lucy Mallory, Curley, Gatewood and the lieutenant. These characters are consistent throughout the story and the audience members begin to understand them as the story develops.
Describe some ways in which business values and artistic values in Hollywood contend with one another.
A dangerous silence envelopes the dark, drab courtroom. It is only punctuated with the hiss of an indecisive fluorescent lamp that seems to flirt with the idea of extinguishing itself completely. The lamp’s dim spectrum illuminates the pallid face of the plaintiff. His bespectacled eyes peer upwards from horn-rimmed glasses. Abruptly, a gruff voice pierces the quiet. It is a voice that wears impressive yet insipid suits. It is a voice that drinks black coffee and smokes generic cigarettes. When it speaks, it asks:
Films were blossoming during the “Roaring twenties.” At the beginning of the decade, films were created mostly in Hollywood and West Coast, but as well as in Arizona and New Jersey. Most people do not know that the greatest output of films was between 1920 and 1930 and was 800 films per year. Nowadays, people consider big output of 500 films per year. The film business was a huge one because the capital investments were over $2 billion. At the end of the decade there were 20 studios in Hollywood and the interest in films was greater then ever.
The director yells “cut,” signaling that the scene has been finished. In an instant, the lights go dim as the actors and actresses disperse among the set to get their makeup and hair redone. Presumably, no other world could embrace the lights, camera, and action as well as Hollywood. One of the most well known places in California, Hollywoodland, was founded by Harvey Henderson Wilcox and his wife in 1853. In Hollywoodland, movies and films were produced for the public. After the sign was established in 1923, it was neglected, which led to the disrepair of the letters. The last four letters were taken off in 1943 as it is now known today as “Hollywood” (“History of Hollywood, California”). Los Angeles,
Largely influenced by the French New Wave and other international film movements, many American filmmakers in the late 1960s to 1970s sought to revolutionize Hollywood cinema in a similar way. The New Hollywood movement, also referred to as the “American New Wave” and the “Hollywood Renaissance,” defied traditional Hollywood standards and practices in countless ways, creating a more innovative and artistic style of filmmaking. Due to the advent and popularity of television, significant decrease in movie theater attendance, rising production costs, and changing tastes of American audiences, particularly in the younger generation, Hollywood studios were in a state of financial disaster. Many studios thus hired a host of young filmmakers to revitalize the business, and let them experiment and have almost complete creative control over their films. In addition, the abandonment of the restrictive Motion Picture Production Code in 1967 and the subsequent adoption of the MPAA’s rating system in 1968 opened the door to an era of increased artistic freedom and expression.
The Australian Film Industry has been around since October 1896. The first full length feature film, in 1906 was ‘The Story of the Kelly Gang’. Australian Cinema has only become a much larger industry in like past 10 years with ‘Sanctum’ being Australia’s 10th largest film in the US Box Office history with its exceptional 3D technology and exquisite photography. ‘The Sapphires’ which also had a strong impact on Australian viewers did not reach the capacity of gross making in the US Box Office. The Australian Film Industry has become in crisis because without the Australian movies having an impact on the Australian viewers as a minimum, the money used to make the film will not have profited from the tickets bought to see the actual movie. In this essay I will explain how ‘Sanctum’ and ‘The Sapphires’ can be used in reference to the Australian Film Industry crisis and reason’s for how and why the Australian Film Industry has hit a crisis in film making.
When something is created it is a given that it will be picked apart, dismantled, will evolve into something even greater. It has become the norm in film-making to play by these rules of deformation. Movie makers have stretched the definitions of genre to encompass the given criteria set up by the very people who created these staple types of films that movie goers are used to. Today we can watch romantic comedies that take place in outer space, or horror where no one is killed. It seems as though as soon as you find a clear definition of what a specific genre is, someone comes along and reinvents the category.
Eadweard Muybridge was a director who made the first movie in 1878, The Horse in Motion. He used multiple cameras and put the individual pictures into a movie. Muybridge’s movie was just pictures of a galloping horse. Muybridge also invented the Zoopraxiscope,the first ever movie projector that made short films and movies. It was able to quickly project images, creating what is known as motion photography and the first movie to ever exist. To use the Zoopraxiscope a disc is put on the device and is turned. As the disc turns, the images are projected onto the screen and the movie starts ...
As advance technology of fiber-optic developed and is on the rise, everyday there is another story about entertaining movies on demand and streaming online is with ease. Those developments which let movie’s viewers sit in the comfort of their home or anywhere with access to the internet can stream instance movies with a push of a bottom. They no longer need to make a trip to the movie’s stores for movies rental and return, so that is why movie shops fail and filed for bankruptcy bring a symbolic close to the “let’s go rent a movie” era. Blockbuster LLC, formerly Blockbuster Entertainment Inc., both owned and franchised American-based giant provider of home movie and video game rental services through video rental stores, later adding movies by mail, streaming online and video on demand. Due to the peak of fiber-optic and competition from companies such as Netflix, Redbox, and GameFly, Blockbuster became the victim of digital media and filed for bankruptcy on September 23, 2010 due to significant lost in revenue.[3]
Film, as a traditional and beloved media, has been influential on people's life. We spend time in the cinema to be entertained, touched, scared and experience romantic love story and exotic places. As one of the most famous film industry base in the world, Hollywood, produces and sell their movie products all over the world.
Socially educated parents are more likely to make decisions based on updated information, whereas parents, who lack higher education or have less education, make decisions without getting the background information. Demand for movies could be dependent on this factor. Also, people who have a more prestigious job reputation or social reputation can influence demand. These people carry this prestige because of the ways that society views their characteristics either as a group or as an individual. People that own homes may be more likely to attend movies rather than renters. In Canada, the population is aging. The age for the average movie-goer is increasing.
Many people don’t think about it so much, but movies (or just film in general) have become such a big part of our lives that we don’t think much of it because it just feels like a usual part of living. But have you ever wondered why this is, and how far back film started? Movies and film have been around for a long time, have developed in big ways throughout time, and has advanced in such a big and new way to this day.
The film industry has always been somewhat of a dichotomy. Grounded firmly in both the worlds of art and business the balance of artistic expression and commercialization has been an issue throughout the history of filmmaking. The distinction of these two differing goals and the fact that neither has truly won out over the other in the span of the industry's existence, demonstrates a lot of information about the nature of capitalism.
Filmmaking is an art like no other. It brings people together to create magnificent stories that people can view either on their television or on the big screen. The creators of film could not have imagined how far filmmaking would go and how much it would impact the world of entertainment. The invention of filmmaking has evolved over a long period of time and will continue to impact the world of entertainment.