The Life of Garibaldi
Giuseppe Garibaldi was born in Nice, France in 1807. He spent most of
his youth as a sailor on Mediterranean merchant ships. In 1883 he
joined Young Italy, the movement organised by the Italian
revolutionary Giuseppe Mazzini. He believed that all Italian people
should be free and that Italyshould not only be independent, but also
an integrated republic.
Italyhad been left completely fragmented by the settlements reached at
Congress of Vienna in 1815. The congress had divided territory among
the victors of the Napoleonic Wars. Italy was divided up, but most
people wanted to see it re-united as one country, including Garibaldi.
In 1815, Italyfaced three obstacles to unity. The first was the
Austrian occupation of
Lombardy and Venice in the North and the northeast of the Italian
Peninsula. The
second was the Papal States, under the sovereignty of the Pope. The
Papal States
straddled the centre of the Peninsula, cutting the North off the
South. The third
obstacle was the existence of several independent states. On the
French boarder was
the Kingdom of Sardinia, which had slowly expanded since the middle
ages and was
now the most advanced state in Italy. The Kingdom of Sardinia
consisted of the
region called Piedmont in north western Italy and the island of
Sardinia. The
Kingdom of the two Sicilies occupied the Southern half of the
Peninsula and the
Island of Sicily. Other small states included Tuscany, Parma and
Modena. All these
states had to be bolished if Italy was to be re-united.
In 1834, Garibaldi was ordered to seize a Warship, but the plot was
dis...
... middle of paper ...
...nd the Papal
States. In 1866,
the government went to Garibaldi again. Italy had made an alliance
with Prussia to
defeat the Austrians. Italy was promised Veniceif the alliance was
victorious.
Garibaldi successfully invaded Tyrol with a volunteer force.
Venicefinally became a
part of Italyin 1866. Garibaldi now turned his attention to raising a
volunteer force
with the aim of returning the Papal States to the kingdom of Italy.
After a number of
initial engagements, he was defeated by combined Papal and French
forces at the
Battle of Mentana on 3rd November 1867. A successful and united Italy
was finally
complete in 1870, when Rome was annexed to Italy.
Garibaldi was elected as a member of Parliament in 1874, and was
involved in the
politics of Italyuntil his death in 1882.
In 19th century Italian states united to make Italy while the Germanic states united and made Germany. For Italy there were three people who had a major role in unifying Italy. They were Mazzini, Garibaldi and Cavour. For Germany it was more like one person who united the German states to make Germany and that was Bismarck. On the other hand there was a strong Austrian empire that would not tolerate any nationalist feelings to rise anywhere in Europe.
THESIS STATEMENT The moral fanatic and religious fundamentalist, Giralamo Savonarola, inhibited the development of the Renaissance in Florence and brought the city back into the Middle Ages. PURPOSE STATEMENT Through scholarly research of Florentine politics and daily life during the rule of the Medici, it is affirmed that Giralamo Savonarola used religion and fear to inhibit the progression of the Renaissance in Florence. INTRODUCTION Religion provides hope for those who are hopeless. It aims to welcome those who are alienated and feel that their life has no purpose.
Were the Medicis the great heroes of the Renaissance or the great villains? The Medici’s were a prominent family in the Renaissance, who ruled Florence from 1434 to 1737. They are regarded as being one of the most powerful and richest families in the whole of Europe. The Medics used this great status and wealth to develop an improved Florence, one that was significantly influenced by the Renaissance.
Next, we will discuss the Risorgimento, a 19th-century movement for unification of Italy that would ultimately establish the Kingdom of Italy in 1861. Before this time, the Italian peninsula
During the late 1800's Italy became one of the most overcrowded countries in Europe. Many Italians began to consider the possibility of leaving Italy to escape the new low wages and high taxes. For centuries the entire Italian peninsula was divided into quarreling states, with foreign powers often controlling several states. In this chaotic situation, the feudal system ruled above the economic system, leaving money only in the hands of a select few (Wikepedia.com, 2007).
By 1498 the situation in Italy was one of chaos and turmoil. Charles died in 1498, which meant that there wasn’t going to be a re-invasion. Popular uprisings in Milan and Florence saw the Medicis and the Sforzas overthrown. Civil war was raging on between Pisa and Florence and the accession of Louis VIII as French King meant that the prospects for peace did not look too good.
John Warrack, author of 6 Great Composers, stated, “Any study of a composer, however brief, must have as its only purpose encouragement of the reader to greater enjoyment of the music” (Warrack, p.2). The composers and musicians of the Renaissance period need to be discussed and studied so that listeners, performers, and readers can appreciate and understand the beginnings of music theory and form. The reader can also understand the driving force of the composer, whether sacred or secular, popularity or religious growth. To begin understanding music composition one must begin at the birth, or rebirth of music and the composers who created the great change.
Some of the main economic powers of the renaissance were Italian city states. The first, Milan, was in northern Italy. Milan, the center of trade and money with a large tax, was ruled by Visconti and was later taken over by Sforza. Next was Venice, which was the link of Asia and the western world. Venice was a republic with a doge, or an elected leader, and was ruled by merchants and aristocrats. Lastly, was Florence which became the cul...
The Contribution of Cavour, Garibaldi and Napoleon III to the Unification of Italy The “Risorgimento” or “Resurrection” culminated in the declaration of the Kingdom of Italy and was finalized and put beyond all doubt when Rome, capital of the Papal States, was conquered in 1870. There were three key members of this gradual process who made the unification of Italy possible. Cavour, born into a noble Piedmontese family, started his career in the military but, due to his liberal views he was forced to leave and he resigned in 1831. After Pope Pius IX’s election in 1846, Cavour felt that the chance for him to advocate reform had come. He failed in revolutions but he became Prime Minister of Piedmont-Sardinia and at the outbreak of the Crimean War he joined forces with Great Britain and France and, by this, proved himself to be a fine statesman for foreign affairs.
Do you know who invented the radio signal? The point of this writing is to explain who Guglielmo Marconi is. He made the first successful long distance wireless telegraph, he invented the magnetic detector, he invented tuned telegraph.
Before the mid-1800’s, Italy and Germany were split into many different republics, city-states, and principalities until two men unified each respective country. These men used every means available to them to unify their countries and further expand their realms as well as securing the safety of their country. They also, at times, worked together in order to expand and secure their borders specifically against the Austrians. Leading politicians Otto Von Bismarck and Camillo Cavour united their countries of Germany and Italy by engaging in military action and utilizing diplomacy to expand their borders while uniting the people, even though Bismarck favored the less prudent “blood and iron” mixture.
After the Austro-Prussian War, Italy worked a deal out with Bismarck and had acquired Venetia. Finally, when France was forced to take out troops from Rome during the Franco-Prussian War, Italy had become
...something like this happened. There is also a national historic site which was established in Nova Scotia, Canada that honors Marconi. Visitors are able to see the site of the original radio transatlantic transmission from Europe to Canada and tour the Wireless Hall of Fame. Unquestionably Marconi’s contributions to communications and in particular the radio are still remembered and he ranks as one of the most outstanding innovators of the 20th century.
Italy, to a large extent, existed in order to be a Great Power. The Risorgimento, the unification of Italy, grew from powerful patriotic and nationalistic ideas about the “greatness” and the inherent
In the early years of the twentieth century, Italy has created a new system of government, however suffered social and economic conditions. Improvements were made however, poverty and literacy were still problems that have not been solved well. While entering World War I, the nation was neutral up until joining the British and French in exchange for certain advantages. However, it was unsuccessful as Italy failed to take control of the territories that it claimed at the Versailles Peace Conference, and suffered significant losses. The ideology of fascism occurred when the power of Italy was shrinking and the idea of being a pacifist became weak.