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How length of wire affects an electric current passing through it
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The Length of a Wire Affects Its Resistance
Scientific Enquiry:
I know that metals are good conductors of electricity. Metals are good
conductors because their electrons are easily released allowing
electricity to flow.
The electrons can carry current because they split up from the
positive ions, so they are free to move and to carry current.
Factors that affect resistance:
1. Length – the longer the wire the more atoms there are for the
current to push through.
2. Width – there is a greater collection of atoms.
3. Material – Different materials have different atom structures so
resistance varies.
4. Temperature – the hotter it is the harder it is for current to
get through.
5. Voltage – the higher the voltage the more resistance there is.
Planning:
Aim:
The aim of this investigation is to find out how the length of a wire
affects its resistance.
Prediction:
I predict that, as the length of the wire increases so will the
resistance. I think this will happen because as the wire gets longer
the current has more atoms to get through. If the length of wire is
twice as long, the resistance will double e.g.
Length of wire: 10cm Resistance: 4Ω
Length of wire: 20cm Resistance: 8Ω
Apparatus:
Power pack – this provides energy for the circuit
3 wires – are used to connect power pack to resistance board
Resistance board – nichrome wire is tied to it and the board is used
to work out the length of wire
Nichrome wire (0.2mm) – alloy of nickel and chromium. Acts as a
resistor
Ammeter – measures current
Crocodile clips – connect wire to nichrome wire at different length
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