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Purpose of Swift's satire
Women and the 18th century
Introduction to feminist literary criticism
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Thanks to the literature written by women as well as men, women have gone through phenomenal changes in how they were seen, represented, and depicted in modern-day society. Women have undergone the same transformations as they were represented in literature. Jonathan Swift’s “The Lady's Dressing Room” followed the story of Strephon as he entered the dressing room of his lover Celia with high hopes of being romanced by the fancy clothes and the lovely smelling perfumes. However, as he entered, his high hopes were shot down when he saw oily smocks, a dirty smell, and the infamous chamber pot. It is in this moment where he realized that Celia is not a goddess held to high standards. She was, he realized human after all and was about as disgusting …show more content…
Swift to Write a Poem Called 'The Lady's Dressing Room.’” In the poem, she attacked Swift’s and satirized the events that he outlined for his readers. Montague held that the only reason Swift wrote the poem was because of his sexual frustration, his impotence, and his lack of romance from women. In order for readers to fully understand their social and their literary present, they must be able to understand their past. It is through the literature of past authors - specifically Montagu and Swift - that readers learn of the harsh realities and ridicule that women faced as a minority group during the time period in which their two poems were written. Women today - though not as much as in earlier history - were required to defend themselves against men and sometimes even other women. By taking away 17th and 18th Century British Literature from the college curriculum, students were forced to give themselves to a gap in knowledge and literary understanding and are thus unable to understand literary tradition and criticism …show more content…
"What Not to Avoid in Swift’s “The Lady’s Dressing Room”." SEL Studies in
English Literature 1500-1900. 49.3 (2009): 637-666. Web. 3 Apr. 2014. <http://muse.jhu.edu.ezproxy.umuc.edu/journals/studies_in_english_literature/v049/49.3.baudot.pdf>.
Grundy, Isobel (2004). "Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley". Oxford Dictionary of National
Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/19029.
Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley. "The Reasons that Induced Dr S to write a Poem called The
Lady’s Dressing Room." University of Pennsylvania. University of Pennsylvania. Web. 20 Apr 2014. <http://www.english.upenn.edu/~mgamer/Etexts/montagu>.
Onarheim, Karen. "He says, she says : gender renegotiations in the satirical exchanges of Lady
Mary Wortley Montagu with James Hammond and Jonathan Swift." Digitale utgivelser ved UiO. (2010): 1-100. Print.
<https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/25246/Hexsaysxshexsaysxduo.pdf?sequence 2>.
Swift, Jonathan. "The Lady’s Dressing Room Jonathan Swift 1732." Rutgers University. Rutgers
University. Web. 20 Apr 2014.
<https://andromeda.rutgers.edu/~jlynch/Texts/dressing.html>.
Weise, Wendy S. "Women’s Studies, Vol. 35, No. 8, August 2006: pp. 1–40 Women’s
At what point in the essay did you recognize that Swift’s proposal is meant to be satiric? Do you think a modern audience would get the joke faster than Swift’s contemporaries did? It becomes obvious that the author was employing sarcastic and humorous ideas in his proposal when
In the first 7 paragraphs, Swift is using qualification. He starts of by saying “female sex” rather than saying women. This promptly reveals a clinical and technical perspective. This statement is also dehumanizing because it is very offensive to women. It makes them sound more like a material in a lab rather than a human being. He then talks about the problem of poverty through numbers, which reveals his overall qualification. He questions the “computation” of “projectors” which continues his technical diction. In the fourth paragraph he refers to a mom as a “dam” which could imply domestic animals. Paragraph 6 provides a model of exposition, supplying evidence and logical explanations. He then discusses some of the costs to sell children into slavery. Through all of the examples that were just provided, it shows the qualification through his
Brannon, Linda. "Chapter 7 Gender Stereotypes: Masculinity and Femininity." Gender: Psychological Perspectives. 4th ed. Boston: Pearson/Allyn and Bacon, 2005. 159-83. Print.
Society continually places restrictive standards on the female gender not only fifty years ago, but in today’s society as well. While many women have overcome many unfair prejudices and oppressions in the last fifty or so years, late nineteenth and early twentieth century women were forced to deal with a less understanding culture. In its various formulations, patriarchy posits men's traits and/or intentions as the cause of women's oppression. This way of thinking diverts attention from theorizing the social relations that place women in a disadvantageous position in every sphere of life and channels it towards men as the cause of women's oppression (Gimenez). Different people had many ways of voicing their opinions concerning gender inequalities amound women, including expressing their voices and opinions through their literature. By writing stories such as Daisy Miller and The Yellow Wallpaper, Charlotte Perkins Gilman and Henry James let readers understand and develop their own ideas on such a serious topic that took a major toll in American History. In this essay, I am going to compare Gilman’s “The Yellow Wallpaper” to James’ “Daisy Miller” as portraits of American women in peril and also the men that had a great influence.
In his lengthy literary career, Jonathan Swift wrote many stories that used a broad range of voices that were used to make some compelling personal statements. For example, Swifts, A Modest Proposal, is often heralded as his best use of both sarcasm and irony. Yet taking into account the persona of Swift, as well as the period in which it was written, one can prove that through that same use of sarcasm and irony, this proposal is actually written to entertain the upper-class. Therefore the true irony in this story lies not in the analyzation of minute details in the story, but rather in the context of the story as it is written.
Throughout most of literature and history, the notion of ‘the woman’ has been little more than a caricature of the actual female identity. Most works of literature rely on only a handful of tropes for their female characters and often use women to prop up the male characters: female characters are sacrificed for plot development. It may be that the author actually sacrifices a female character by killing her off, like Mary Shelly did in Frankenstein in order to get Victor Frankenstein to confront the monster he had created, or by reducing a character to just a childish girl who only fulfills a trope, as Oscar Wilde did with Cecily and Gwendolen in The Importance of Being Earnest. Using female characters in order to further the male characters’
I shall endeavour to explore and analyse how women are presented in Shakespeare’s “Romeo and Juliet”, Marvell’s “To His Coy Mistress” and Duffy’s “Human Interest”.
Gale, 2000. Credo Reference. 29 Oct. 2007. Web. 20 Apr. 2010. < HYPERLINK "http://www.credoreference.com.ezproxy.sunycgcc.edu:2048/entry/galeus/women" http://
In The Lady’s Dressing Room, Swift signals to his readers of his satiric literary persona through the use of both metaphorical language and tone. Swift begins to depict the exterior notions of women, that women within his society must be fully polished in order to fit within his masculine society, as they’re image would be negatively distorted if seen or done otherwise. Within this poem, Swift establishes this artificial facade through the use of irony and satire in order to distinguish the disparity amongst what is actually being affirmed by the speaker and what is truly implicit within the author’s intentions. Throughout the poem, Swift establishes this emphasis on metaphor in order to reveal to his readers the delusion of woman’s proper appearance as false, as women to Swift, have many hidden faces and qualities; as he exemplifies within the introduction, he states, “Fi...
Women in the Romantic era were long away from being treated as equals, they were expected by society to find a husband and become a typical housewife and mother. So what happens when women get tired of being treated horribly and try to fight back towards getting men to treat them as an equal? Both Mary Robinson’s “The Poor Singing Dame” and Anna Barbauld’s “The Rights of Women” show great examples on how women in the Romantic Era were disrespected and degraded by men, whereas all they wanted was to be treated as equals with respect and dignity.
In the poem “The Lady’s Dressing Room,” written by Jonathan Swift, one may say he portrays himself to be a chauvinist by ridiculing women and their cryptic habits. However, others may say he wants to help women from the ideals placed upon them by society and prove to be an early feminist. This poem written in the 18th century represented women to be fake and sleazy at first. Then during the 20th century, the feminist movement used it as an attack against women, depicting the poem’s meaning as not valuing their rights and freedoms. The truth far hidden from these points of views became uncovered recently. This essay will explain both sides of the views and using critical thinking will uncover the real message the author intended to portray.
Throughout literature’s history, female authors have been widely recognized for their groundbreaking and eye-opening accounts of what it means to be a woman in society. In most cases of early literature, women are portrayed as weak and unintelligent characters who rely solely on their male counterparts. Also during this time period, it would be shocking to have women characters in some stories, especially since their purpose is only secondary to that of the male protagonist. But, in the late 17th to early 18th century, a crop of courageous women began publishing their works, beginning the literary feminist movement. Together, Aphra Behn, Charlotte Smith, Fanny Burney, and Mary Wollstonecraft challenge the status quo of what it means to be a woman during the time of the Restoration Era and give authors and essayists of the modern day, such as Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, a platform to become powerful, influential writers of the future.
...present powerful characters, while females represent unimportant characters. Unaware of the influence of society’s perception of the importance of sexes, literature and culture go unchanged. Although fairytales such as Sleeping Beauty produce charming entertainment for children, their remains a didactic message that lays hidden beneath the surface; teaching future generations to be submissive to the inequalities of their gender. Feminist critic the works of former literature, highlighting sexual discriminations, and broadcasting their own versions of former works, that paints a composite image of women’s oppression (Feminist Theory and Criticism). Women of the twenty-first century serge forward investigating, and highlighting the inequalities of their race in effort to organize a better social life for women of the future (Feminist Theory and Criticism).
In an essay on feminist criticism, Linda Peterson of Yale University explains how literature can "reflect and shape the attitudes that have held women back" (330). From the viewpoint of a feminist critic, "The Lady of Shalott" provides its reader with an analysis of the Victorian woman's conflict between her place in the interior, domestic role of society and her desire to break into the exterior, public sphere which generally had been the domain of men. Read as a commentary on women's roles in Victorian society, "The Lady of Shalott" may be interpreted in different ways. Thus, the speaker's commentary is ambiguous: Does he seek to reinforce the institution of patriarchal society as he "punishes" the Lady with her death for her venture into the public world of men, or does he sympathize with her yearnings for a more colorful, active life? Close reading reveals more than one possible answer to this question, but the overriding theme seems sympathetic to the Lady. By applying "the feminist critique" (Peterson 333-334) to Tennyson's famous poem, one may begin to understand how "The Lady of Shalott" not only analyzes, but actually critiques the attitudes that held women back and, in the end, makes a hopeful, less patriarchal statement about the place of women in Victorian society.
“Girls wear jeans and cut their hair short and wear shirts and boots because it is okay to be a boy; for a girl it is like promotion. But for a boy to look like a girl is degrading, according to you, because secretly you believe that being a girl is degrading” (McEwan 55-56). Throughout the history of literature women have been viewed as inferior to men, but as time has progressed the idealistic views of how women perceive themselves has changed. In earlier literature women took the role of being the “housewife” or the household caretaker for the family while the men provided for the family. Women were hardly mentioned in the workforce and always held a spot under their husband’s wing. Women were viewed as a calm and caring character in many stories, poems, and novels in the early time period of literature. During the early time period of literature, women who opposed the common role were often times put to shame or viewed as rebels. As literature progresses through the decades and centuries, very little, but noticeable change begins to appear in perspective to the common role of women. Women were more often seen as a main character in a story setting as the literary period advanced. Around the nineteenth century women were beginning to break away from the social norms of society. Society had created a subservient role for women, which did not allow women to stand up for what they believe in. As the role of women in literature evolves, so does their views on the workforce environment and their own independence. Throughout the history of the world, British, and American literature, women have evolved to become more independent, self-reliant, and have learned to emphasize their self-worth.