According to an article written by Matt Goodwin called the, “Think Quest,” in 1861 Italy became a nation-state when the regional states of Peninsula, Sardinia, and Sicily became united. These states were united under the authority of King Victor Emmanuel II in the 1920s. When Benito Mussolini was established a Fascist dictatorship, the era of parliamentary government came to a close because a new alliance was formed with Hitler’s Germany. This new alliance with Nazi Germany led Benito Mussolini and Italy to its defeat during World War II. After Italy’s defeat in World War II, a democratic republic took over the old monarchy in 1946, giving way to a new economic revival. Italy became a charter member of NATO in 1949 and part of the European Economic Community in 1957. In 1999 after joining with the Economic and Monetary Union, Italy has been at the forefront of European economics and political unification (Matt Goodwin).
Italy’s Government
In 1946, Italy changed its government because the citizens of Italy voted on having a republic system of government. This type of government is headed by a president rather than having a monarchy system which was ruled by a king. By this time Italy also established a new constitution that now consisted of having a President, Prime Minister, Cabinet, Parliament, and Courts. In Italy the president is elected to a seven year term, this is done by both the houses of Parliament in joint session, not by voters. The president has the ability to remove Parliament and call for a new election. The president of Italy is considered the commander and chief of the Italians and they don’t have a vice president. For instance, if the president of Italy becomes ill and is unable to perform his duties, the Italian Senate takes over the president’s duties. If for some reason the president dies, a presidential election is held to replace him. The Italian prime minister and the cabinet are officially called the government, not including the president. In Italy the prime minister is picked by the president, but the Prime Minister can be voted out of office at any time within his term. The Prime Minister, of Italy, is considered to be the most important person in the Italian government. The Prime Minister is the one that develops a national policy for Italy. The Prime Minister usually elected by someone within the cabinet. The president then appoints the members to the cabinet, as they are approved by the Parliament.
In 19th century Italian states united to make Italy while the Germanic states united and made Germany. For Italy there were three people who had a major role in unifying Italy. They were Mazzini, Garibaldi and Cavour. For Germany it was more like one person who united the German states to make Germany and that was Bismarck. On the other hand there was a strong Austrian empire that would not tolerate any nationalist feelings to rise anywhere in Europe.
Ginsborg P (1990). ‘A History of Contemporary Italy: Society and Politics: 1943-1980’ Published by Penguin; Reprint edition (27 Sep 1990).
Italy achieved her unification in 1870. She had a constitutional monarchy like that of Great Britain, but democratic society failed to develop in Italy because the government was controlled by corrupt politicians, called the party bosses. They controlled the elections by bribing the voters. Once they were in power, they were more interested in achieving personal gains for themselves than in solving the social and economic problems of the people. As a result of this political corruption, Italy remained a poor country. Industrial progress was slow. Italy was poor in natural resources and lack of fertile land. Many of the farm laborers were landless and were often unemployed, so millions of Italians were forced to emigrate.
The House of Savoy, Guiseppe Garibaldi, Guiseppe Mazzini and Camillo di Cavour were all prominent figures for the unification of Italy. They all had different parts to play for the unification of Italy, whether it was creating or enacting out the plans for unifying Italy, being the whole life and soul of the plan to bring Italy together as one nation, or conquering other regions to force them into joining the Kingdom of Italy. This shows how all of these people had some significance when it came to gathering all neighboring regions and unifying them as one nation, however they were not the main reason that Italy became one nation. Many events had occurred before the unification of Italy in 1871 which showed promises of Italy becoming one nation,
The congress had divided territory among the victors of the Napoleonic Wars. Italy was divided up, but most people wanted to see it re-united as one country, including Garibaldi. In 1815, Italyfaced three obstacles to unity. The first was the Austrian occupation of Lombardy and Venice in the North and the northeast of the Italian Peninsula.
Benito Mussolini decided to get Italy involved in World War II. This decision had a negative impact on Italy. After World War I, the Italian people were angry that Italy did not get more land from the peace settlement. Getting Italy involved in World War II was not necessary. Getting involved in this war could have easily been avoided, but Mussolini decided to help and tries to give Italians what they wanted. What the Italians hoped to gain from World War I was never received. The gaining of land for Italy seemed as if it was a necessity to Mussolini. To gain more land, Mussolini led Italy into World War II. Things did not work out as expected for Mussolini. Thinking he had everything under control and that everything would go his way, things backfired and many men were lost during World War II. He also made Italy mar...
As Rome became independent from the Etruscan ruling, its government walked away from having a monarch and transformed into a Republic as a way to avoid the tyranny that many times comes with an absolute autocrat. Rigorous precautions were taken from the start in order to keep the power balanced. Moreover, the structure of the government was meant to be resilient to bad judgment. The structure of the Roman Republic with its government and law provided for a more just system.
Italy in World War II World War II, which only lasted about five years, changed the course of history forever, and affected millions of lives. Among the major nations that were involved in the war, Benito Mussolini and his Italian army sought to settle their differences with many nations. Benito’s fascist views, his idea of a nation built by one race, and his relationship with Adolf Hitler ultimately led to his involvement in the war. His responsibility, in essence, was to ally himself with the superpowers of the world, and lead his people into a war that they could not fight. " Il Duce", (the leader), was the name that Benito Mussolini gave himself as his rise to power in Italy continued.
Among the most prominent motifs in Italian politics since the Risorgimento has been a tendency for quasi-action (inaction disguised as action), in the form of transformismo and attendismo. The first of these terms refers to the practice of "assuring the government of an adequate majority in parliament either by a preliminary deal with leaders of the opposition and by then absorbing them into the government as ministers, or by favours granted to deputies in return for support, or by combining both methods" (Procacci 1970: 337).... ... middle of paper ... ...
The Roman Republic began approximately around 509 B.C. when the nobles drove the King and his family out of Rome. This monumental incident helped shape the start to the transformation of the monarchy into a republican governmental system. This is known to have begun by that of the Roman nobles trying to hold their power that they had gained. The Republic was “[a] city-state [which] was the foundation of Greek society in the Hellenic Age; in the Hellenistic Age, Greek cities became subordinate to kingdoms, larder political units ruled by autocratic monarchs” (Perry 105)
Within parliamentary systems, the government i.e. the legislature consist of the political party with the most popularly elected Members of Parliament (MPs) in the main legislative parliament e.g. the House of Commons in the United Kingdom. The Prime Minister is appointed by the party to lead as the executive decision-maker, and the legislature work to support and carry out their will (Fish, 2006). In presidential systems, the President is directly elected with the support of their political party, with the legislative being separately elected and, in the case of the United States, being made up of representatives from different states (BIIP, 2004). This essay will provide examples to suggest that Presidents are generally more powerful than Prime Ministers. As two of the oldest forms of parliamentary and presidential governments (Mainwaring and Shugart, 1997), the United Kingdom and the United States will be the main focus of this essay, but other parliamentary and presidential countries will be mentioned.
the way it was made up and what it consisted of. During the course of
In the early years of the twentieth century, Italy has created a new system of government, however suffered social and economic conditions. Improvements were made however, poverty and literacy were still problems that have not been solved well. While entering World War I, the nation was neutral up until joining the British and French in exchange for certain advantages. However, it was unsuccessful as Italy failed to take control of the territories that it claimed at the Versailles Peace Conference, and suffered significant losses. The ideology of fascism occurred when the power of Italy was shrinking and the idea of being a pacifist became weak.
...r country behind now. Their political problems are over, the government in Italy has overcome their problems and do not abuse their people now.
The capital city of Italy is a very extraordinary place to visit. The population of Rome is well over two-million. The people there are very friendly and are extremely proud of their country. Rome is a beautiful bustling city that has a moderate cli mate. The temperature usually stays around eighty degrees. The main way of transportation is by bus.