At the beginning, the world was created and there were different species occupying it. There were plants, animals, and human beings. They were all creatures, but their constitutions were different at some points. Plants did not have the ability to think, nor a brain to accomplish cognitive actions while human beings and animals had. But, there were still a difference between humans and animals.They all had brain to complete cognitive actions but humans especially had the ability to think, to make decisions and to complete more sophisticated mental processes. They were intelligent beings, and possessed intelligence. From that time to now, humans have experimented several transformations of their intelligence. So, we now have the notion of intelligence …show more content…
An IQ is a score derived from tests that have the purpose to asses humans ' intelligence. The test that allows us to evaluate people 's intelligence in order to understand their behavior and even further to predict future results that are more likely to occur such as their future income, educational achievement and performance at work. The average, median score of IQ is 100, from it we can either add or subtract 15 IQ points to find other standard deviations. Scores are obtained by dividing the mental age by the chronological age then multiplying the result by 100. So, that is why the score 100 indicates the average and is taken as the norm. Thus, Michael W. Corrigan in Debuking ADHD showed how IQ is normally distributed and mentioned that " A few of us are geniuses (scores above 145), others are mentally challenged (scores below 70), and most of us are average-or the norm." (p.10). Basically, the word intelligence is the intellectual capacity of humans that gives them the ability to accomplish cognitive actions, to learn, to communicate to each other by spoken or gestural languages, to reason, and to think. It is the driving force behind the body that gives commands in association with the brain. All our actions have roots in our intelligence, thus our behavior is also in part the result of our intelligence. Usually, the way people choose to …show more content…
Nobody can be considered as inferior or silly. The world has been going through some critical periods when people could not make it to school. We all know that the basic way to develop one 's intelligence is to go to school and to enhance one 's intellectual skills. School is the best establishment that promotes learning. There, people can interact and exchange their ideas which helps them to know how to live with others in the society. There we develop our initial intelligence, the one we are born with, and we have to develop until death. Being directly related to our parents, by inheritance and more affected by the environment we are raised in, that intelligence is more likely to be different depending on the circumstances. However, our abilities are not affected by that. As intelligence quotient scores are universally evaluated, the basis of those results are the same for everybody, whatever could be their origins. As a matter of fact, we do not all focus our intelligence in one universal domain, we all apply it in different domains. Some people can be intelligent in catching fish whereas others in doing mathematics. It is all about the importance attached to our needs. The expert fish catcher may be living in a place where catching fish is the only way to survive from hunger while the mathematician can be living in a place where doing mathematics is very important to get a job
Intelligence tests have been developed by scientists as a tool to categorize army recruits or analyze school children. But still discussing what intelligence is, academics have a difficult time defining what intelligence tests should measure. According to the American researcher Thorndike, intelligence is only that what intelligence tests claim it is (Comer, Gould, & Furnham, 2013). Thus, depending on what is being researched in the test and depending on the scientist’s definition of intelligence the meaning of the word intelligence may vary a lot. This essay will discuss what intelligence is in order to be able to understand the intelligence theories and aims of intelligence tests.
According to Ben Michaelis, a person 's intelligence is not measured by how well they perform academically, but by how well they adapt to their situations and environment (Michaelis). The idea that students who attain outstanding grades in school are more intellectual than students who receive poor grades is unfair to all students. In 1983, Dr. Howard Gardner identified different types of intelligence, including interpersonal intelligence, intrapersonal intelligence, and musical intelligence (Fiero), so to assume that a person is unintelligent based on poor academic performance is unreasonable. In the article, “What Does it Mean To Be Smart?”, the author gives an example of a woman named Angie to demonstrate that academic intelligence is not the main indication of someone’s overall intelligence (Michaelis). Although she did not excel in an academic setting, she had the ability to adapt to her circumstances and capitalize on her talents and interests to create a successful career for herself (Michaelis). In order to start embracing the different forms of intelligence, society, as a whole, needs to eliminate its fixed mindset about what intelligence
pass tasks that an average 9 year old can pass, then the child has a
The human intelligence. The definition of intelligence is the ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills. Every human in the world has intelligences, however with different developed level. Intelligence is important because it play a role as the human basis of survival. If there is no intelligence, all the money, communication and technology in the world won’t help, it will be like a dead world. If we human live in this world without
There are many different ways in which intelligence is expressed. The most common way is through the standard IQ test. With this IQ test, those brilliant enough to receive a score above 144, are looked at as a genius. On the contrary, those who don’t reach that criteria for the IQ test, are looked at as the average joe. Certain people have the type of intelligence that don’t transfer over to tests and school in general. Instead, these certain people have that specific type of intelligence for situations and real world problems. People often compare the two and try to agree on what it truly means to be a genius. Rob Siltanen once said, "About the only thing you cant do is ignore them?" He is saying that, the world may view those people that
Most researchers believe that we are born with a certain intelligence or potential intelligence. They also believe that the intelligence we are born with is difficult to change. Psychologists use short-answer tests to assess one’s intelligence (Gardner papers). It was believed that intelligence was a single inherited thing. Human beings start out initially as a blank slate and could be trained to learn anything, provided that it was presented in an appropriate way (Multiple Intelligences and Education). Currently an “increasing number of researchers believe the opposite. Gardner defined intelligence as: “the ability to create an effective product or offer a service that is valued in culture; a set ...
Humans, for a long time, have thought they were unique in their intelligence. It set them apart from other animals and allowed them to conquer the world. Today, we use our intelligence to create technology that can carry multiple people across the world in merely hours out destroy a significant portion of the planet with the push of a button. However, our technology is not increasing at a contact rate. One thousand years ago, the level of sophistication in the human race was high in the Ottoman empire but nowhere else. We were fighting with swords and had only recently invented the longbow. Six hundred years ago we had invented cannons and were using concussion induced projectiles. Only one hundred years ago we had invented the lightbulb,
Chapter 9: Thinking, Language and Intelligence was very interesting to me. It goes over the basics that make humans, human. How we communicate with others, solving our problems in life, creating controversy over our opinions, teaching others our mistakes and finding that people can be more than you find them to be.
One of the most definitive things ever said regarding the nature of intelligence was that intelligence is whatever IQ tests measure. The IQ test has been in use throughout the 20th century and serves as an accepted measure of a person’s intelligence. It is used by institutions such as schools and the army to screen people’s level of intelligence and decisions are made based on that. The IQ test consists of a series of questions regarding certain skills such as vocabulary, mathematics, spatial relations. The scores that a person gets on these tests depend on the amount of questions that a person answers correctly. The actual score that a person gets is dependant on how others in that age group do on those particular questions.
Dictionaries add still more definitions: Funk & Wagnall’s defines intelligence as “The faculty of perceiving and comprehending meaning; mental quickness; active intellect; understanding” , while Webster’s defines it as “the ability to learn or understand or to deal with new or trying situations; the skilled use of reason.” While some of these definitions are similar, none of them are exactly the same.
On the ‘nature’ side of the debate is the psychometric approach, considered to be the most dominant in the study of intelligence, which “inspired the most research and attracted the most attention” (Neisser et al. 1996, p. 77). It argues that there is one general (‘g’) factor which accounts for intelligence. In the 1880s, Francis Galton conducted many tests (measuring reaction times to cognitive tasks), (Boundless 2013), in order to scientifically measure intelligence. These tests were linked to the eugenic breeding programme, which aimed to eliminate biologically inferior people from society. Galton believed that as intelligence was inherited, social class or position were significant indicators of intelligence. If an individual was of high social standing, they would be more intelligent than those of a lower position. However he failed to show any consistency across the tests for this hypothesis, weakening his theory that social class correlated with intelligence. Nevertheless, his creation of the intelligence test led many to continue to develop...
Gardner’s theory of MI offers an alternative view of intelligence which has measured intelligence based on the results that would predict success in the current educational system. Furham (2009) sums up Gardner’s definition as “the ability to solve problems or to create products that are valued within one or more cultural settings”. This definition suggests that human intelligence is comprised of more than the predictable success in a western school system. Gardner argues that traditional definitions of intelligence and intelligence testing are too narrow and marginalize people who do not fit traditional education system that focuses on visual–spatial, verbal–linguistic, and logical–mathematical intelligences. He supports this with unique cases of idiots savant, who are people with low IQs but excel in skills in areas not measured through tradition IQ tests (Arnett, 2013). MI theory proposes that individual’s intelligence can be differentiated on eight different modalities:
The ongoing debate on whether nature or nurture is responsible for intelligence seems to be a never-ending argument. There will probably be no definite answer to this argument any time soon, but answers such as Dr. Bigot's prove how intolerant of other opinions people can be. To say intelligence is entirely based on genetics, or one's environment, for that matter, is utterly extremist. An interaction of both nature and nurture is responsible for intelligence.
In 1983, Howard Gardner a Harvard professor proposed the theory that individual can have multiple ways of learning and processing information. The multiple intelligences consist of 9 different ways and these include: verbal-linguistic, logical-mathematical, visual-spatial, existential, musical, naturalistic, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal. Every individual has a different amount of each intelligence but each intelligence is at a varying level. With the help of a multiple intelligences assessment, I found that my top three multiple intelligences are Intrapersonal, logical, and interpersonal. Within his research Gardner says that “Intrapersonal intelligence refers to people’s ability to recognize and assess those same characteristics
The Oxford Dictionary defines intelligence as “the ability acquire and apply knowledge and skills.” Many people are born naturally intelligent, able to grasp and understand concepts easily, with little work. In children, it is easy to separate those born with higher intellectual ability from the rest, because they easily excel in learning. This skill is often lost by those born with it, and through a great deal of work others attain it. In order for an individual to have true intelligence into her adult years, she must foster what gifts she is given, and strive to better her self academically. Even as early as elementary school, many who are born with natural talent begin to fall behind intellectually. These students are often not