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How can government initiatives help inner city areas
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The Inner-City Problems and Solving Them
There are many problems that can be clearly seen in the inner city.
Problems such as crime, poor housing (perhaps slums), and
unemployment are all apparent. However unemployment levels are
gradually dropping. Lack of money gives rise to the
problems so are often seen in the lower class areas of cities.
On the whole the perception of the inner-city areas has the image of
poverty and overcrowding which faces many cities across
Britain today in whatever proportion. The first as such it the
Economic which inner-city areas have long suffered due to lack of
investment especially after the 1940's when a lot of money was put
into New Towns. Many of the houses built were made from
poor fabric and cheap materials which within time will make them
liable to be damaged. This is the main problem arising from
the issue of poor housing. Few Industries have built or for that
matter expanded in an Inner-city location partly due to the
environment, which surrounds it. Social Inequalities also play a part
in British City the following characteristics are often present
in many of them:
Lack of basic amenities, many houses of which lack any sort of
bathroom
Overcrowding- large families may live in small houses, or families may
live in poorly built high rise flats.
On the whole we can say that there are high infant mortality and death
rates
Families have a low income
Single parent families.
There are also the environmental problem which affect these areas- The
Inner-city areas may suffer from noise and air pollution
caused by heavy traffic and the few remaining fac...
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...o mortgage
properties in the inner areas, and local plan authorities have become
more flexible in their plan making. The public and private
sectors are much more willing to improve enterprise zone and
industrial improvement. New voluntary and community bases
organisations have developed particularly concerned with environmental
improvements and employment creation. The physical
environment has been improved, with vacant land and buildings being
put to new, and also the removal of some of the worst
dereliction.
However the economic point of view in the inner city has deteriorated,
with more unemployment and the closure of many firms.
However unemployment will probably remain high, especially among the
poorly educated and disadvantaged, which will,
especially in children, lead to further problems.
Peckham has been dubbed as London’s buzzing up and coming new hotspot, with “galleries, rooftop bars and foodie night markets that make East London look positively parochial” according to an article by Chris Martin in 2013, a stark contrast to Olsen (1997) labelling it “an inner city area which is among the poorest and most deprived in the country... Blighted by ills such as drugs, crime, unemployment, low educational achievement, a deteriorating infrastructure; life lived at the margins.” In this literature review I am going to review the main issues surrounding how the area has changed, discuss the new demographics coming into the area, issues such as gentrification in the area and also the increasing cultural segregation that is becoming evident in the area, both spatially and temporally.
There are many examples of cities reforming itself over time, one significant example is Vancouver's Downtown Eastside. More than a hundred years after the discovery of gold that drew thousands of migrants to Vancouver, the city has changed a lot, and so does one of its oldest community: Downtown Eastside. Began as a small town for workers that migrants frequently, after these workers moved away with all the money they have made, Downtown Eastside faced many hardships and changes. As a city, Vancouver gave much support to improve the area’s living quality and economics, known as a process called gentrification. But is this process really benefiting everyone living in Downtown Eastside? The answer is no. Gentrification towards DTES(Downtown Eastside) did not benefit the all the inhabitants of the area. Reasons are the new rent price of the area is much higher than before the gentrification, new businesses are not community-minded, and the old culture and lifestyle of the DTES is getting erased by the new residents.
In the article “Gentrification’s Insidious Violence: The Truth about American Cities” by Daniel Jose Older, Older places emphasis on the neighboring issue of gentrification in minority, low income communities or as better known as being called the “hood” communities. The author is biased on how race is a factor in gentrifying communities by local governments. Older explains his experience as a paramedic aiding a white patient in the “hood” where he was pistol whipped in a home invasion by a black male. This is an example of black on white crime which is found to be a normal occurrence in the residence of his community. But that is not the case in Older’s situation because that was the first time he has
...ll. The inner city has many complications the fact that most are African American is a mere coincidence. If we as a nation are capable of fixing all institutions and structural issues we could bring the slums out of poverty. The cycle of unemployment and poverty is a terrible cycle that cannot only be judged by race and cultural values. When reading this book keep in mind the difficulties, any family or person could go through these tribulations. There are many arguments and sides to each problem; this is another one of those. The battle for inner city poverty, and the factors that go along with it, has not been finished. Wilson brings out a different aspect which could help people expand horizons and come up with better solutions.
“gentrification as an ugly product of greed”. Yet these perspectives miss the point. Gentrification is a byproduct of mankind's continuing interest in advancing the notion that one group is more superior to another and worthy of capitalistic consumption with little regard to social consciousness. It is elitism with the utmost and exclusionary politics to the core. This has been a constant theme of mankind taking or depleting space for personal gain.
How has this book advanced the study of urban environments? In “The Origins of the Urban Crisis” we have learned what can happen in a very industrial city when it pertains to one major industry and what the differences are between the way that different races are treated when it comes to the hiring, laying off, and firing differences as the industry changes. I feel that this book has taught us that industries are always changing and that they need to advance and move to keep up with the demands that the industries have to offer. This book focuses on the 1940s through roughly the 1970s, this was a time when equal rights and major racial discrimination were very big issues that not only Michigan faced, but, cities have faced all over the United States. During this time, was also when there was a major rise in the automobile industry. As the automobile industry took off and we learned that as technology advances that there is not as much
Since these were low income areas there wasn’t a high tax revenue to maintain the areas. This would cause in the infrastructures not being up to date or completely reliable. It is far to expensive to pay to renovate these areas and the issue also comes from who will pay for it. when there is a low income area that is heavily concentrated with people it becomes very difficult to upkeep that area which results in it becoming more and more rundown.
Furthermore, the consolidations of ghettos in the inner city, as well as the rise of suburbs, are just two of the characteristics and problems that consequently arose for U.S. cities following the culmination of the Second World War. Ghettos in the inner cities were not as successful as they were envisioned to be, because in practice they suffered from overcrowdings, poverty, racial tensions, and violence and drugs. Additionally, public housing projects (created to solve problems with poverty and vagrants caused by the rapid growth of cities) ultimately also suffered from the same fate. As for the emergence of suburbs, they also proved not to be quite as successful as envisioned either, because in practice they created segregated cities and communities.
Every morning on my way to school I often pick up the Red Eye newspaper and read the latest news happening in Chicago. As I skim the pages I often see a section that shows the homicide tracker in the city of Chicago. This section of the newspaper shows numerous of deaths occurred in a month in a specific area. Consequently, similar to this homicide tracker on the newspaper the following articles have about the same homicide stories that have occurred in the city of Chicago years ago. In the book The Devil in the White City by Eric Larson illustrates the dreadful events about crime, violence, and illness all leading to death; The Coldest Case: The St. Valentine’s Day Massacre by Jonathan Eig describes a tragic murder of six men by the mob making Chicago seen as a gangland murder capital; The Untouchables by Eliot Ness tells the conflict Eliot Ness experienced trying to put the gangster Al Capone out of business, and For the Thrill of It: Leopold, Loeb, and the Murder That Shocked Jazz Age Chicago by Simon Baatz retells the case of judge Clarence Darrow which was to defend two boys of receiving the death penalty. The combination of these three stories shows serious issues such as crime, corruption and violence that are plaguing Chicago.
Thus, a major issue exists in that not only is economic activity shifting from urban areas to suburbia, but minorities are being systematically left behind and delegated to the neglected inner cities.
The problem however, with these “renewal projects” is that the implemented changes are never usually intended to benefit the long time inhabitants of these communities, these changes are intended usually, to push out the element of poverty that exists in many of these communities (which is a direct result of decades of neglect) in exchange for the opportunity to cater to a more affluent (usually less “ethnic”) demographic. In laymen’s terms, city planners, elected officials, prospective businesses, and even law enforcement, all converge for the purpose of removing poor people from an area by simply making it too pleasant and by exten...
Beginning in the 1960s, middle and upper class populations began moving out of the suburbs and back into urban areas. At first, this revitalization of urban areas was 'treated as a 'back to the city' movement of suburbanites, but recent research has shown it to be a much more complicated phenomenon' (Schwirian 96). This phenomenon was coined 'gentrification' by researcher Ruth Glass in 1964 to describe the residential movement of middle-class people into low-income areas of London (Zukin 131). More specifically, gentrification is the renovation of previously poor urban dwellings, typically into condominiums, aimed at upper and middle class professionals. Since the 1960s, gentrification has appeared in large cities such as Washington D.C., San Francisco, and New York. This trend among typically young, white, upper-middle class working professionals back into the city has caused much controversy (Schwirian 96). The arguments for and against gentrification will be examined in this paper.
For decades now, there have been educational problems in the inner city schools in the United States. The schools inability to teach some students relates to the poor conditions in the public schools. Some of the conditions are the lack of funds that give students with the proper supplies, inexperienced teachers, inadequate resources, low testing scores and the crime-infested neighborhoods. These conditions have been an issue for centuries, but there is nothing being done about it. Yet, state and local governments focus on other priorities, including schools with better academics. It is fair to say that some schools need more attention than other does. However, when schools have no academic problems then the attention should be focused elsewhere, particularly in the inner city schools.
As Rosa Parks said, “As Americans, we still have many challenges to face and many more problems to overcome,”. One of those problems is segregation, which is the action of setting someone/something apart from others. Ghettos have played a major role in helping achieve segregation by separating the minorities from the majority; thus, making it hard for social mobility and equal opportunities for all. Ghettos first started with Jewish people and now have evolved into urban ghettos housing many minorities. This has lead to a rift between certain ethnicities. Not to mention that ghettos are always overcrowded and impoverished, causing the people who live there to fight amongst themselves.
The world is home to many different types of communities. Each type is made of different people from various walks of life. A very popular type of community is an urban community. Generally the word urban is associated with large cities composed of vast transport systems, skyscrapers and heavy commerce that offers man different career opportunities. A key feature of urban environments is the diverse communities that it creates. This is brought about due to the dense population that large cities accumulate. Urban living is a lifestyle that starts from birth. Many people raised in an urban environment tend to spend their entire life there.