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Correctional theory and practice final exam quizlet
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When a child is bad, he or she gets some type of punishment, for example when one lies or cheats on a test. They will get a consciousness/ punishment of not being able to watch television or being as how cheating on a test is a more severe wrong than their punishment will be worse. Depending on what the child did wrong or bad the punishment will depend on how severe the consequence will be, because when an actual crime is done, then what would be the punishment if a small crime gets all the attention when it really does not need to be. The harsher the punishment the more aware a person will be before committing the crime. It does not mean it will stop the person but will allow them to think more thoughtfully. Although there is no actual scientific …show more content…
Most people do not know the laws or policies therefore it would not matter weather consequences are severe or not most people will not be aware of the actual changes being done. They are not aware of the sentencing policy 's. Law makers believe that the time in prison a person does act as a deteriorate to their future to be good people. Prisons are used to help reduce criminal behavior by believing that by going into the prison the offender will realize how bad it is but since most of the time the felon is already going into the prison with antisocial attitudes and behaviors it really doesn 't seem to change their way of thinking prison might actually help inmates come up with new types of crimes the time spent in prison help them come up with more efficient crime. People get more scared when they see a police officer with a gun and handcuffs rather than a new law increasing penalty because they don 't really understand what the laws state, so in this case the way for people to respond more efficiently is to scare into rethink what their next choice will be. Therefore the most harsh punishment would have to be the death penalty, but according to the National Academy of science is definitely has not proven whether or not it has a rate of increasing or lowering …show more content…
That if someone looks suspicious, it needs to be for the fact that they have a gun or a knife, not just because someone is colored would make them dangerous. The second step to helping stop discrimination could be to call awareness to this situation, and maybe this can start an organization to help. By having people speak out about their personal stories, like when lady refused to seat near a black men in an airport and asked if she could move the pane attendant asked the piolet if it was permitted after a couple of mints the flight attention came back and asked the men if he would like to seat in first class do to the awful type of character the women had, she said that no one should be near a person this rude the passengers heard what was happening and applauded the fight attended on how she handled the situation. This story was trending on social media for a while and gave light to this type of situation and helped people understand that there are still racist people in the country who need to be helped. Social media is a huge part of the word today and is able to reach even the smallest of corners of the country so by sharing this conversation it allows the people to know what is happening in the world and can eventually stop the problem or at least help reduce it. This kind of topic is challenging but important to reduce for
The Punishment Imperative, a book based on the transition from a time when punishment was thought to be necessarily harsh to a time where reform in the prion system is needed, explains the reasons why the grand social experiment of severe punishment did not work. The authors of the book, Todd R. Clear and Natasha A. Frost, strongly argue that the previous mindset of harsh punishment has been replaced due to political shifts, firsthand evidence, and spending issues within the government. Clear and Frost successfully assert their argument throughout the book using quantitative and qualitative information spanning from government policies to the reintegration of previous convicts into society.
...in jail for a long period of time may lead them into becoming better criminals. Anna Aizer of Brown University and Joseph Doyle of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology researched and compared lives of imprisoned teenagers and non-imprisoned, and how it affected them in life. In their research they found out that young offenders who were incarcerated were sixty-seven percent more likely to be in jail by the age of 25 than similar young offenders who didn't go to prison. They also found that young convicts were most likely to commit homicide (Beauchamp 6-12). Although, for many teenagers who go to jail help them open their eyes and realize that they have to become a better person. That if they continue to commit bad actions, they're going to get punished. Children and teenagers realize that they can tried as adults and they think before going on their instinct.
In the article written by The Economists titled “Too many laws, too many prisoners” it talks about the prison system today and the flaws the system contains. Personally I do not believe prisons help those who commit crimes 100 percent. Yes, it allows them to think about what they have done and go back and question that decision. But people are not always sorry for what they have done and would do it again. Allowing them this time to do nothing is not good for the American society as a whole. By having so many people locked up it creates an unequal balance of society. In the article it states “Between 2.3 and 2.4M Americans are behind bars…. 1 and every 100 adults” To me this statistic explains a great deal of what is wrong with our economy;
According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, in the year 1980 we had approximately 501,900 persons incarcerated across the United States. By the year 2000, that figure has jumped to over 2,014,000 prisoners. The current level of incarceration represents the continuation of a 25-year escalation of the nation's prison and jail population beginning in 1973. Currently the U.S. rate of 672 per 100,000 is second only to Russia, and represents a level of incarceration that is 6-10 times that of most industrialized nations. The rise in prison population in recent years is particularly remarkable given that crime rates have been falling nationally since 1992. With less crime, one might assume that fewer people would be sentenced to prison. This trend has been overridden by the increasing impact of lengthy mandatory sentencing policies.
The theory of punishment as a whole is worth investigating as well. My largest argument against the theory of punishment is that it is not a fair or just operation. The concept of punishment is a way to intentionally harm people. This is not a just way of making a case right, or making a victim heal from any crime they may have been a part of. The victim is not compensated for the damage or harm caused to them. Punishment, in the retributive theory will really only do good in that it deters people from committing crime because they are scared of the punishment- but this simply does not work as well as it should. The restitution theory does not address the issue of who is entitled to cause harm to others, or punish said criminals.
It is effective in a way that children would know how to manage their own behavior to a certain situation, and they may know what is right and wrong. If ever the punishment has gone beyond discipline and turned out to violence, the child’s capability of doing the things that he/she does could be discriminated nor humiliated. The frequent use of punishment may disengage into acting younger. According to Lodhi & Siddiqui (2014), corporal punishment leave scars in the memories of children which are unforgettable and unhealed. The child’s development of anti-social behavior may possibly occur. Lowering of self-esteem can be a factor leading to a child’s perception that he/she is a bad person. Punishment involves a negative experience for the child that occurs after they have done a certain action, which the adult condemns. (Lodhi, M.S., & Siddiqui, J.A.,
Feinburg (1994, cited in: Easton, 2012: 4) says that punishment is “a symbolic way of getting back at the criminal, of expressing a kind of vindictive resentment”. When punishing an offender there are two key principles that determine the kind of punishment. These are the Retributivism response and the Reductivist response. The first principle, Retributivism, focuses on punishing the offence using 'denunciation' where they denounce the crime that has been committed so society knows they have done wrong, and it also uses 'just deserts' where the equity 'eye for an eye' is the main idea. The second principle, Reductivism, believes that deterrence, incapacitation and rehabilitation is the best strategy to use to punish, its aim is to reduce crime and use punishment to serve a purpose. This essay will look closer and outline the purpose of just deserts and deterrence as punishment in society, although these punishments are used widely across most crimes, this essay will look specifically at prolific offenders.
Provide the justifications for punishment in modern society. Punishment functions as a form of social control and is geared towards “imposing some unwanted burden such as fines, probations, imprisonment, or even death” on a convicted person in return for the crimes they committed (Stohr, Walsh, & Hemmens, 2013, p.6). There are four main justifications for punishment and they are: retribution, deterrence, rehabilitation, and incapacitation. There is also said to be a fifth justification of reintegration as well.
The origin of the word prison comes from the Latin word to seize. It is fair to say that the traditionally use of prison correspond well with the origin of the word; as traditionally prison was a place for holding people whilst they were awaiting trail. Now, centuries on and prisons today is used as a very popular, and severe form of punishment offered to those that have been convicted. With the exception however, of the death penalty and corporal punishment that still takes place in some countries. Being that Prison is a very popular form of punishment used in today's society to tackle crime and punish offenders, this essay will then be examining whether prison works, by drawing on relevant sociological factors. Furthermore, it will be looking at whether punishment could be re-imagined, and if so, what would it entail?
There are many different problems that plague the prison system today. The biggest issue today is overcrowding. This is a major problem that is effecting every prison system throughout the country. There are many people that say that the judges are the biggest reason for this. However, if people would not commit crimes, then the judges would not have as many people that need to be punished, and that would mean that there will be less people going to prison, and more people that are better citizens by staying out of trouble. If we could all learn to stay out of trouble, then the prison system, the judges, the law enforcement officers, the courts, and all the rest of the divisions inside the justice branch, will have less work to do, and will have less people that are needing to be punished. At the same time, the law makers need to figure out some way to make the punishments for the crimes different so that we can keep people from being repeat offenders. The people that are the issue here are those that are repeat offenders. What this means is that people that are getting out of prison have not
The criminal justice system is the system of law enforcement that takes an extensive position in prosecuting, defending, sentencing, and punishing those who are suspected or convicted of criminal offenses. It is essential to know the many theories of punishment that the justice system has created in their minds that eventually became a part of society. This paper will analyze the theoretical explanations of punishment and their effect on society by generating an opinion of how each type of punishment deters crime the best and if punishment provides any benefit to the offenders and to society.
There are many explanations for what punishment characterises. For Emile Durkheim, punishment was mainly an expression of social solidarity and not a form of crime control. Here, the offender attacks the social moral order by committing a crime and therefore, has to be punished, to show that this moral order still "works". Durkheim's theory suggests that punishment must be visible to everyone, and so expresses the outrage of all members of society against the challenge to their collective values. The form of punishment changes between mechanic (torture, execution) and organic (prison) solidarity because the values of society change but the idea behind punishing, the essence, stays the same - keeping the moral order intact not decreasing crime. Foucault has a different view of the role or function of punishment. For Foucault, punishment signifies political control. His theory compares the age of torture with the age of prison, concluding that the shift from the former to the latter is done due to changes in society and new strategies needed for the dominance of it by the rulers. Punishment for Foucault is a show of power first brutal and direct (torture), then organised and rational (prison). Punishment does not get more lenient because of humanitarian reasons but because the power relations in society change.
Punishment has been in existence since the early colonial period and has continued throughout history as a method used to deter criminals from committing criminal acts. Philosophers believe that punishment is a necessity in today’s modern society as it is a worldwide response to crime and violence. Friedrich Nietzche’s book “Punishment and Rehabilitation” reiterates that “punishment makes us into who we are; it creates in us a sense of responsibility and the ability to take and release our social obligations” (Blue, Naden, 2001). Immanuel Kant believes that if an individual commits a crime then punishment should be inflicted upon that individual for the crime committed. Cesare Beccaria, also believes that if there is a breach of the law by individuals then that individual should be punished accordingly.
At least, while they are in prison, they cannot continue to commit crimes (MacKenzie 2001). And the incapacitation effect of imprisonment was regard as an effective means in the United States in the 1990s. As the crime rate of the US was sharply dropped in that period of time while the population of adults in prison was in an enormous growth (Levitt 2004). Although imprisonment can keep the offenders away from society, it is not a permanent solution of crime reduction, as most of the inmates will eventually be released from the prison. And mentioned above, the prison sometimes plays the role as ‘school for crime’, the possibility of the released offenders reoffend is still high.
they? - do two wrongs make a right?) but why is it so important that