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Parenting styles and cultures
Parenting styles and cultures
Parenting styles in different cultures essays
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Historical, research on primary parental child-care and involvement has been focused on the female partner in relationships (lamb, et al. 2014). Moreover, the majority of research that does exist, studying father involvement revolves around the negative effects of distance fathers (lamb, et al. 2014). Notwithstanding, in recent years there have been strides to better understand how families with a male figure as the primary caretaker differ from women, there is still much to room to grow. Another new trend in family research is that of same sex families with children. As well, there is a great deal of research on lesbian couples with children, there is still a shortfall with regards to understanding the differences between lesbian couples and gay couples. One idea to better understand how to increase the involvement of male caretakers is to look at parent child relationships that only have male parents. However, there is still a need for more, and in-depth …show more content…
In this view the family systems theory would dismiss any possibility for successful gay childrearing, just as Banduras social learning theory. The largest reason that Family system theory would discount gay parenting is because family systems theory is based almost exclusively on the idea of a nuclear family being the only way to achieve success (McCume, 2009). The typical heterosexual family is often referred to as a nuclear family. This family has a male father, female mother, and sex-gender matching children. Within the family there are roles that fall into typical gender norms. The mother does the cooking and cleaning, the father is the primary income, the male children play with GI Joe, and the female children play with Barbie. In reality this notion of family is dwindling away in and being replaced by a hodgepodge of mixtures, but in family science this type is still considered the norm to which all others are
The concepts that Kathleen Genson discusses reinforces the analysis Kramer presented in Chapter 4 “The Family and Intimate Relationships” of The Sociology of Gender. First and foremost, both authors would agree that family is a structure that institutionalizes and maintains gender norms. Both authors would also agree that “families tend to be organized around factors that the individual members cannot control.” In Genson’s chapter “Dilemmas of Involved Fatherhood,” the most prominent forces are the economy and social expectations, both listed and explained by Kramer. Genson’s explanation of how it is unfeasible for men to withdraw from the workforce and focus more time and energy on being involved fathers is an example of the economic factors.
“Men’s greater involvement at home is good for their relationships with their partner and also good for their children. Hands-on fathers make better parents than men who let their wives do all the nurturing and child care” (Coontz 99). Coontz believed that if men come home after work and share the chores with their wife, then they will have stronger bonds and the marriage will stay longer. Children’s are very observant, therefore they will learn valuable lessons from both of their parents. Carver showed how his father not being involved in the family has affected his relationship with his
In today’s society, family structure has changed dramatically from the traditional nuclear family to the unconventional, such as single parenting or same sex families. Over the years, many individuals questioned whether or not a parent’s sexual orientation affected their child’s sexual preference. There is significant research that has shown that children with lesbian parents do not differ from children with heterosexual parents. Many individuals stated that it is the value of the parent’s relationship with the child and not the parent’s sexual orientation that affects the child’s development. Contrary to the popular belief, children raised by lesbian parents are not more likely to become gay than children who are raised by heterosexual parents. A parent’s sexual orientation has said to have little importance to children other than the family togetherness. In other words, the relationship of the parent and child is far greater important than the sexual orientation of one’s parents. To be a good parent to a child has nothing to do with one’s sexual preference, but how well one takes care of that child emotionally, physically, financially, and mentally. Before the 20th, century children were often seen as miniature versions of adults so there was little consideration to children development in cognitive and physical development. The interest of child development did not peak until the early 20th century. Conscientious parenting happens not only within traditional nuclear families, but also within homosexual families. Both traditional nuclear and homosexual families can have positive and negative effects on children’s cognitive, psychological or behavioral development due to their rearing.
This article discusses three studies conducted by Moon and Hoffman that investigated others’ parenting expectations for mothers and father and parents’ reports of their parenting behaviors with their 3-to-6-year-old children and demonstrates that mothers rated higher for physical care and emotional support than fathers and that mothers reported engaging in the parenting behaviors assessed more than fathers across the subscales used. They discuss how, in each different study, they saught to observe parent and child gender interactions only for “personal-interaction parenting” (e.g., hugging their child) and found the lowest scores for fathers with daughters. They then present their findings and the relation between parents’ rating of suitability and their own behaviors that support the view that gender-based expectation shape gender differences in their parenting.
The empirical data found proposes lesbian parent couples were more equ... ... middle of paper ... ... df This study examined associations among family type (same-sex vs. opposite-sex parents); family and relationship variables; and the psychosocial adjustment, school outcomes, and romantic attractions and behaviors of adolescents. Participants included 44 12- to 18-year-old adolescents parented by same-sex couples and 44 same-aged adolescents parented by opposite-sex couples, matched on demographic characteristics and drawn from a national sample. Normative analyses indicated that, on measures of psychosocial adjustment and school outcomes, adolescents were functioning well, and their adjustment was not generally associated with family type.
In our culture, a person’s gender can hold them back or propel them in the work force, in social situations, and even in childrearing. Girls are taught that more feminine qualities are important for them to obtain. These traits include being more caring, compassionate, and understanding, as well as quiet, and patient. All of these traits are seen as necessary to raise children. Boys are raised to have more masculine qualities, which do not include being patient, expressive of one’s emotions, and nonaggressive behaviors. Men are taught that they should be aggressive and able to defend their family. This includes being able to provide financially for their family. When this is not achieved men are quickly judged and scrutinized. Our society places a debilitating stigma upon men who are stay at home fathers; it makes them appear weaker and more feminine, which is a quality that is frowned upon in
Since the beginning of time, fathers have had a profound effect on their child’s development. Over the years, the norm for traditional family dynamics of having a father figure in the household has changed drastically, and so did the roles of the parents. It is not as common as it used to be to have a father or father figure in the home. In this day and age, women are more likely to raise children on their own and gain independence without the male assistance due to various reasons. The most significant learning experience and development of a person’s life takes place in their earlier years when they were children. There are many advantages when there is a mother and father combined in a
...l preference, and cognitive development have been tracked for these children into adulthood. Study after study have asked different questions in attempts to find similarities and differences in children raised in these two different family structures, but scientific consensus shows that there are no noticeable differences in children brought up by a gay or lesbian couple.
Men have the same rights and obligations, as a child’s birth mother, to spend quality time, bond with, and care for a new baby. With some families living isolated from close relatives, it may be difficult for the mother’s family to support her after the birth of the child. “A study released in January found that fathers who took two or more weeks of leave upon their child's birth are more likely to be involved in the direct care of their children beyond leave” (Gringleburg). The time proceeding childbirth is the most stressful and tedious time. Parents have to adjust to the new baby and his or her schedule, especially the mother. With the both parents home, a lot of the stress is taken off the mother be...
The role of a father is more than just another parent at home (Popenoe, 1996). Having a father, the male biological parent in a child’s life is important because it brings a different type of parenting that cannot be replicated by anyone else (Stanton, 2010). Fathers who are present and active in a child’s life provide great benefits to a developing child (Popenoe, 1996). Having a father brings a different kind of love. The love of the father is more expectant and instrumental, different from the love of a mother (Stanton, as cited in Pruett, 1987).
When the word “family” is discussed most people think of mothers, fathers, and other siblings. Some people think of grandparents, aunts, uncles, and even cousins and more on the pedigree tree. Without family in people 's lives they would not be the same people that they grew up to be today and in the future. When people hear the word family they think about, the ones who will help them in any way they can whether it 's money, support, advice, or anything to help them succeed in life. Family will forever be the backbone of support. They are the ones who support their children during those life decisions. Family is not always blood related. Finally family is forever, family will never go away.
Mothers are the primary caretakers of the children. The fathers have had minimal care taking responsibilities. Many women, if they had a career before hand, have to give it up to stay at home with the child. Although, many fathers where the wives must work become important in the process of care taking because their role must increase to their children. Studies of human fathers and their infants confirm that many fathers can act sensitively with their infant (according to Parke & Sawin, 1980) and their infants form attachments to both their mothers and fathers at roughly the same age (according to Lamb, 1977).
Now society expects women to not only be gentle, emotional and nurturing, but also competent, assertive and ambitious and have male “roles”. Women are now more independent. Many have children and are single moms so they are expected to be tough. In the past 40 years or so, women have claimed a wider range of roles, for instance, working. They must balance work and running the household. Obviously, women 's roles have changed, but men roles have not changed very much. In the recent years working mothers have become ordinary, however, stay-at-home fathers exist in only 1% of married couples with kids under age 15, according to U.S. Census Bureau data.(Los Angeles Times, 'Men are stuck ' in gender roles) Although, the number of stay at home fathers did increase in recent years. Jake, a stay at home father picks his daughter 's outfits, fixes her hair, takes her to and from activities and changes her diapers. “While he tells everyone he is very proud to be a stay-at-home dad, Jake said people will give him mixed reactions, some of which seem dismissive.”(ABC, Is Dad the New Mom? The Rise of Stay-At-Home Fathers). Even though it is more common for fathers to stay at home with the kids, they still face traditional stereotypes. People find it strange and not “normal” for dads not to work and not be the dominant one who supports the family. It’s still not acceptable for a man to be “kind,
... reflected with the likelihood the father is involved and spend time with their children and to have children who are psychologically and emotionally healthier (Parke). Also the mother and father is more responsive, affectionate, and confident with their infants; better know how in dealing with defiant toddlers; and better advising, connecting, and providing emotional support to their teenagers (Parke). Studies have shown children with involved, caring fathers have better educational outcomes. For instance, a study shows that fathers who are involved, nurturing, and playful with their children tend to have children with higher IQs, better linguistic and cognitive capacities (Parke). Lastly, the children through their adulthood are more patient and can handle the stresses and frustrations associated with schooling better than children with less involved fathers (Parke).
Everyone seems to define family differently, however, the significance of family is the same. For you, family means everything. You can always count on your parents and siblings for help and love. Family is very valuable and important to you and should never be taken for granted. No one can deny that family is the foundation of our generation. A family is where we all start our life journey and helps us grow to be successful throughout our lives.