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History of psychology quizlet
History of psychology
Effects of animal experimentation
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Biopsychology is a relatively new field of study in the world of academia, and scientists do not seem to know much about the subject. What scientists do know is that the brain is a vital organ that is essential for life in complex organisms such as mammals. Composing a mere 2% of our body weight, the brain (average weight of 1400 g) undergoes complex chemical reactions and processes that signal functions needed to sustain an organisms being. The underlying chemical reactions can change the brains neuronal pathways and may change its chemical responses to various stimuli and tasks, possibly leading to a change in behavioral and cognitive processes. In attempts to gain a better understanding of the brain, scientists started to work with the species …show more content…
Before the field of biopsychology was even in existence, rodent research had been used in numerous other fields successfully, especially in the field of medicine. Rodents have been the test subjects for experiments conducted regarding hormone regulation, vaccine testing, cancer cell research, and genetics. The results of these experiments give new insight to new discoveries and most have proved to be beneficial in the field of medicine. The experimentation of new drugs and research on rodents eliminates the need to use primates and humans. I feel that we are saving a countless numbers of human lives by using rodents instead of humans for experimentation. In my opinion, it would be unethical for researchers to perform untested treatments or medicines on a human being before testing it out on a lab rat or an alternative. I understand that some people may have concerns for the humane treatment of these rodents, and I agree to a certain extent, but for the most part researchers treat their test subjects humanly. Even if an animal must be deceased to study its remains they still kill the animal humanely. If the research of rodents is what gets scientists closer to unlocking more hidden treasures in the world of neuroscience and psychology, then I think that the time and resources to continue this research is well justified. After all, sacrifices sometimes have to be made for
Michael is a 56 year old male who lives alone in a small tin shed in the middle of the bush in central Queensland. He has no children, no partner and lives by himself. During the day he spends his time sleeping on the couch or doing chores around the property. If he isn’t asleep, he requires a stimuli to remain occupied. When he was a young boy, he was a very calm child with a great sense of humour. His physical health was perfect with good energy levels. When he was sexually abused at the age of 8, by his grandfather, these characteristics started to change. From the age of 16 he was having regular breakdowns in his thinking and emotional responses. Michael was constantly feeling irritable and having trouble sleeping with frequent nightmares. As the years went by his attitude was extremely negative which led on to him being withdrawn from his family and friends. During his last year of high school, he started to regularly use marijuana. He would experience countless amounts of paranoia episodes where he would hear voices and thought he was being spied on. At the age of 45 he was fin...
First of all, this case is associated with biopsychosocial approach which recognizes that, it is the approach that considers human behavior to be the result of interactions of integrated biological, psychological, and social systems. This approach helps us to recognize the ways in which women’s biology, psychology, and their social world intertwine within each other affect their reactions to alcohol and alcohol interventions. In order to explain some of the concepts and theories, we must first sort through the facts that have been presented in the case study. This particular case is concerned with developing a better understanding of the relationship between Casey, and alcoholism.
Joey Sanchez 5 year old grandson of Hector and Celia Sanchez due to grandfather’s recent illness in which he is unable to return to work and maintain the house hold. Joey has been missing meals days at a time due to the lack of finances and food at home. Joey’s behaviors have increased at school and has been stealing food and fighting with peers and teachers. Joey’s teacher called in a report and it was investigated. Joey was arrested for punching a boy in the face breaking the boy’s nose after school, Joey was suspended from school. Due to Joey’s legal issues and lack of recourses at home a judge deemed Joey to be neglected and a removal was warranted. During the move Joey became upset and attacked Writer. Joey remains upset
According to NASW PRESS (2015), person-in-environment perspective (PIE) is “a biopsychosocial system that had added the elements of environment and strengths to the assessment process.” Based on the strengths of PIE, the social worker would assess clients who function in their social roles. Not only evaluating at mental and physical health problems, but also problems in the community that affect client’s ability to a productive life. Relating to Lia, person-in-environment perspective works themselves out of the lives of Lia and her family due to lack of cultural competence, therefore, cultural collision emerged. In the assessment, not only Lia’s illness should be evaluated, but also her status as a minor and unprivileged minority. Problems
Shannon Aydt is a 22 year old white female, born June 11th, 1994. She is a 5th year at Saint Cloud State University studying Social Work. Shannon currently resides at her parent’s home in Andover, MN; however, she lived on/near campus for her first 4 years of college. Though she does not pay rent while living with her parents she would consider herself a “poor college student.”
It is generally accepted within healthcare that to understand mental health we must adopt the biopsychosocial model. This model assumes that an interdependent relationship exists between biological, psychological and social factors which are involved in all aspects of mental health (Toates, 2010, p. 14). To be true to the model research must be holistic and not investigate the factors in isolation.
In chronicling the biopsychosocial issues that are part of our society and which are characteristic of the varied life patterns in our modern day society, we analyze the life of a subject who is female and is a Native American. Born and raised in America, the subject is black and is 44 years of age. She has four siblings who include three brothers and a sister. She has no religious affiliation and has been working for the last twelve years. She is presently a retiree from the Department of Conservation (DOC). Her family history has been analyzed below and includes a peek into her ethnic and racial roots and the close relatives she has had.
In my opinion, I think that if there is an alternative way in getting the same test results, then animal testing should be avoided. If the use of animals is required in order to obtain more knowledge of medicine then I believe that the welfare of the animals should be a priority of the researchers and if the well-being of the subjects is compromised then measures should be taken to correct these mistakes. I am not an advocate of abusing animals in order to advance research, but I do believe that the use of animals in research studies is extremely beneficial. Without the use of animal testing researchers would not have as many answers and solutions to problems that we have, such as sickness.
Historically, cognitive psychology was unified by an approach based on an resemblance between the mind and a computer, (Eysenck and Keane, 2010). Cognitive neuroscientists argue convincingly that we need to study the brain while people engage in cognitive tasks. Clearly, the internal processes involved in human cognition occur in the brain, and several sophisticated ways of studying the brain in action, including various imaging techniques, now exist, (Sternberg and Wagner, 1999, page 34).Neuroscience studies how the activity of the brain is correlated with cognitive operations, (Eysenck and Keane, 2010). On the other hand, cognitive neuropsychologists believe that we can draw general conclusions about the way in which the intact mind and brain work from mainly studying the behaviour of neurological patients rather than their physiology, (McCarthy and Warrington, 1990).
Is the use of animals in research justified? Should animal experimentation be permitted? Should these animals be liberated? A logical person would say the benefits justify the research. Without animal testing, products would be based on theory. No one would want to use something, which may damage eyes, be poisonous, cancerous, and cause birth defects. Animals used in testing are not from the endangered species list; also many of the types of animals used are killed each year by rat or mouse traps, animal control, exterminators, and animal shelters. Animal testing reaps great benefits such as finding effective drugs to combat disease, improve surgical procedures, and make products safe.
My love for neuroscience began long before my passion for neuroscience research. My favorite aspect of psychology since my initial encounter in Advanced Placement Psychology in high school is the nervous system and brain function in relation to behavior. It is fascinating how something so small serves such an extremely important and vital role in our body and behavior. The intriguing details of the brain fuel my desire to learn more about its functions. After completing the Biological Basis of Behavior and Neural System Courses at the University of Maryland, my knowledge as well as curiosity for the brain heightened.
The biological perspective looks at how the environment and physical causes influences behavior. In the biological perspective, neuroscience plays a crucial role in explaining how the brain and the nervous system influence behaviors. Neuroscientist describes how the brain process thoughts, emotions, feelings, and how the physical body is driven by these mental processes. This branch of psychology, engages in a variety of research such as the study of genetics, brain cells, and the function of the brain across a period of time. This is done using positron emission tomography (PET). This technique is used with radio active glucose to indicate areas of activity in the brain. Another technique that is done to conduct brain research is functional magnetic resonance imaging (IMR). It uses powerful magnets and radio equipment that provides comprehensive pictures of soft tissues of the brain.
Bio-Psychologists study the principles of biology as it relates to the comprehension of psychology in the field neuroscience that underlies ones emotions, ideology, and actions (Brittanica). Based upon the conduction of research, the relationship between the brain and ones behavior extends to the physiological process in one’s intellect. Scientists are cognizant that neurotransmitters function as a significant role in mood regulation and other aspects of psychological problems including depression and anxiety. A biological perspective are relevant to psychology in three techniques including: the comparative method, physiology, and the investigation of inheritance (Saul Mc. Leod).
Neuropsychology is a branch of general psychology that is concerned with how the brain and the rest of the nervous system influence cognition and behavior. Professionals in this branch make it a goal to understand of how the brain influences cognitive functions and behavior. In fact, modern neuropsychology has roots that began in the 19th century. During this time, some of the first neuropsychologists studied animals and humans with brain and nervous system injuries. The significance of neuropsychology is subject to urgent brain trauma, which could cause complete loss of functionality of the body. The study of neuropsychology helps doctors understand how brain malfunctions occur.
It is thus concerned with brain cells, brain structures and components, brain chemistry, and how all this leads to speech and action. It is also important to understand how we take in information from our five senses.