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Case study psychology based on ethics
Reflection about ethics subject
A study case relating to ethical
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Title
Investigation the impact of e-toll/e-tags on daily commuters of Johannesburg metropolitan
Keywords
Johannesburg metropolitan city, unemployment, poverty, road users, impacts, e-tolls, motorists, sanral, increases in prices and fares, improving, corruption.
Introduction
The majority or road users have been against the implementation of e-tolls since the beginning of its implementation in June 2010, and since then there has been no social unrest concerning this matter because citizens of Johannesburg feel that they are being forced to pay for what they did not ask for.
This study seeks to identify the challenges that the sanral department has been faced with since they implemented this structures in the Johannesburg region as a sign of improving the capital city of Gauteng. In this research proposal there is orientation and problem statement where I will be focusing on the issues that have arisen with the implementation of e-tolls, then will follow an outline of a hypothesis; than follows research questions and research objectives; followed by the significance of the study as well as limitation on which this study will be limited on; and lastly will be the ethical consideration and chapter outlines.
Orientation and Problem Statement
Since the implementation of e-tolls began there has been social unrest where by it is the public verse the government where by the public feels that the government is robbing they by charging the extra for using the road and they think that government has avoided their opinion in implementing the e-toll structures. It is bad enough that that people have to pay for tax, water, electricity and all other essentials that have been implemented by government.
The opposition of e-tolls is not only supp...
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... whom materials are taken. There are a number of issues which are involved in the system of ethical conduction in research.
Voluntary participation, a principal that requires people to not be forced in participating in the research. Informed consent, participant must be informed fully of the procedure and risks involved in research and they must give consent to participate. Participant harm, participants must not be put in serious situation where they may be at risk of both physical and psychological harm as a result of their participation.
Chapter Outline
Chapter 1: Introduction Orientation and Problem Statement
Chapter 2: Theoretical overview of the impacts of e-tags/e-tolls on the citizens of Johannesburg metropolitan city
Chapter 3: E-tolls in South Africa and there effects to society
Chapter 4: Empirical Research design
Chapter 5: Conclusion and Recommendation
To mitigate the social costs, Wilson offers a variety of suggestions such as raising gasoline taxes, but argues that this will never happen in a nation as democratic as the United States, another concept critics need to grasp (Wilson 22). He names what he thinks are more realistic suggestions such as creating more bike pathways, banning cars from roads with capability of being pedestrian malls, and charging tolls at bridges that go into the city (Wilson 22). He insists that although the social costs are being reduced greatly as time goes on, it will not stop critics from attacking it.
and virtue ethics are applied to a scenario where a researcher has to determine whether to keep
A good chunk of people in the Big Apple (New York City) feels that the MTA makes their ride efficient, cheap, easy, and convenient way of getting around town. On a scale of 1-10, N...
The above mentioned six ethical principles have been synthesised into 4 rights of subjects considering participation in research. These are
The city of Virginia recently put a tax on the Elizabeth River Tunnel. The tunnel connects Norfolk and Portsmouth and didn’t develop tolls until February 2014 (Kelly 2014). This new toll forces residents, commuters, and visitors to pay a tax starting from one dollar to four dollars. The recent tunnel tolls added to the mid-town and downtown tunnels in Hampton roads are causing commuters and citizens to make some drastic lifestyle changes. Students and employees are considering changes to their employment and the universities they attend to save time and money as a result of the cost of commuting. If the average toll is two dollars a day, then people are spending about 60 dollars a month. What was once a relatively easy trip for many has become costly in both time and money. Because the addition of the tolls have divided the population into those who agree, and those who disagree; the media has played a large role in promoting the argument against the addition of the tolls. The 60 dollars people spend every month can go towards more than a toll; especially if a person is having very hard times. The tunnel tolls have caus...
Once the application and all consent forms have been submitted you have the right to know the phone number of the research ethics board that has approved your research study in case you or your participants have questions concerning the process in the research study. According to the (Veritas IRB, 2016) the research conducted should be to improve the welfare of the human population and that all human subjects can participate regardless of current health conditions or affiliations with a group. The issues that may impact my research studies will be to identify the target area of my research due to the vast amount of areas open to further research. The next step that can impact my research will be determining the research participants that are motivated to participate because of the benefits of the research study. By understanding the process and answering all questions presented the research participants can be assure that integrity, and ethics are always imposed during the research study.
These include encouraging commuters to use public transport, decongesting public transport, decentralizing businesses from the Greater Toronto Area, investing in transport infrastructure, passing relevant transport legislation and dialog with stakeholders in transport industry. These solutions aim at discouraging the use of private vehicles and increasing the effectiveness of public transport to increase the capacity and speeds needed to reduce congestion in Toronto. However, it is important to involve all relevant stakeholders when developing solutions to the transport congestion since as earlier discussed, these people may offer very effective solutions to this problem since they are the major road users. The general public will also be keen to follow changes made to improve the transport sector if it is involved in the change process. This will ensure that Toronto has one of the best transport systems not only in North America but across the
Research is viewed as a scientific human endeavour that is organised according to a range of protocols, methods, guidelines and legislation (Gerrish & Lacey, 2010). Research ethics is that domain of enquiry that identifies ethical challenges with a view to developing guidelines that safeguard against any harm and protects the rights of human subjects in research (Rogers, 2008).
Informed consent is a process designed to protect potential participants through detailed description of important facts about a specific clinical trial. Two groups that oversee the safety procedures are the: • Organization that sponsors the study, for example, the National Cancer
Have you, or your parents, ever paid a speeding ticket, or parking ticket? If so, they would have to pay a massive amount of money just for a minor mistake. Now, nobody has to worry about proper speed or how much time you have left to finish shopping.
A policy to expand mass transit, via MARTA bus and rail system, would increase the convenience of public transportation and effectively serve as an alternative option for driving. An expansion of toll and express lanes is a potential policy for Atlanta which utilizes a market based approach and generates income for the city. The gasoline tax policy is aimed at incentivizing metropolitan citizens to drive less due to an increased cost of gas, effectively
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E-commerce, a system by which people can buy, sell and deal without even seeing the person on the other side, has taken a front seat in improving the economy of countries around the world. Technology today has made it possible for monetary institutions to help locate the customers resources and help solve their problems at any given time through online banking.... ... middle of paper ... ...
Transport is a political factor as it is controlled and affected by legislation. This will impact on the staff and opponents (travelling to the stadium) as the accessibility of transport will impact on travelling times – both positively (may avoid traffic on a train e.g.) and negatively (trains, buses etc. may be cancelled or delayed). The price of transportation will also affect the mode of transport that these groups of people may use. Similarly, price and accessibility of transport will affect the consumers also. The view that consumers hold on transport, therefore, is likely to impact on the business i.e. effort to travel, money to travel etc. as this will influence how often they will visit, what they will spend during their visit etc. According to (Mintel 2011,) the amount of people using train as a mode of transport is on the rise, mea...
Never the less these problems have arisen and present a very serious issue for not only our generation but for future generations also. Therefore, changes need to be made in Urban transport.