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Background on alexander solzhenitsyn
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The following literary analysis is over “The Gulag Archipelago: An Experiment in Literary Investigation,” which was written by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn. Who is a former Nobel Prize winner for literature. The book at least the abridged version is broken into several different parts, seven to be exact. The book starts with his arrest and the law of the Soviet Union, then he talks about the way the labor camps were basically created to break down a man and kill him. To begin the book Aleksandr was arrested for writing a letter to friends criticizing the government and mainly Stalin. Back in those days of the Soviet Union no one was allowed to talk bad about the government or they were arrested and convicted of the crime. Aleksandr talks about the …show more content…
strategies of interrogation that are brutal on a criminal of the Soviet Union. There are 31 different tactics the Bluecaps could use on a person to get information out of him before sentencing (44-55). The Soviet Union at this time was awfully crazy on their punishment. The women in the camps were in much worse conditions than the men were. They had to dig a clay pit then hoist wet beams up ten to twelve yards on machines but would have to restart basically if one of the beams fell (Solzhenitsyn 235). From there in the book he continues for a while discussing the different camps and people that he had heard of or came across. The situation only got worse from him until he was freed and exiled from the Soviet Union until the end of the USSR. Bringing him back to Russia in the 1990s. One of the main themes from the book is the courage for Aleksandr to sort of stand up to the Soviets who were interrogating him for his disrespect of Stalin.
He could have easily turned in other people, but instead decided not to turn others in and take the punishment of being sent to the work camps. “We [were] forbidden to lie, but the interrogator could tell all the lies he felt like…he could confront us with as many documents as he chose, bearing forged signatures of our kinfolk and friends” (Solzhenitsyn 47). Shows how easy it was from him to turn himself in. His will to survive is another theme throughout the book by the way he lived and worked in the gulag and lived to tell about it. Most people did not live to tell their story just because of how hard the work was on their bodies and the amount of food they were given. They were loaded up on cattle cars or the Black Maria, which he states, “would eventually wear you down as a human” (166). It is just shocking that they allowed this to go one and not do anything about it especially after the Holocaust and all the issues Germany ran into with that. As a prisoner he would also have to behead people and skin people, which goes back into the nature of how crazy the work was for everybody in the camp
(249). By far one of the driest books I have ever read. Struggled throughout the book to follow along and pay attention. I caught myself losing concentration so many times that I reread several pages just to have a small idea about what was going on. Definitely an important read though when I was focused and reading. Solzhenitsyn, opens up about the Soviet exile he faced and the hardships he endured. I understand why the book has been praised by many different critics and does deserve the attention it has gotten. The pictures were a solid addition to the book because it gave it some depth and showed the people he was talking about by giving them faces and the work that was being done. It gave your brain something to wrap around to get a firm grasp of the people and conditions. Super long book that has a lot of historical things that people can learn from but definitely not for the faint of heart or hate reading something very heavy on your brain.
In the story, Helmuth had violated the law of listening to foreign radio, and creating “enemy propaganda,” or better known as pamphlets, to spread the real truth. He wrote on the leaflets about how Hitler had been deceiving them, hiding their eyes from the truth, and how the Nazis shouldn’t exist. His friends, Karl-Heinz Schnibbe and Rudi Wobbe, helped him throughout his journey to tell Germany what really was going on. Together, they spread leaflets left and right around their neighborhood, knowing full well of the consequences. Eventually, however, they were all caught due to Helmuth’s other acquaintance, Gerhard Düwer, who ratted him out due to the “interrogation,” the Gestapo had put him through. Helmuth gave in after a week, and reluctantly told them Karl and Ruddi’s names. They were trialed to describe their crimes and further question them, yet Helmuth had spoken out boldly to take the full blame for his friends. On page 163, he exclaims out to the audience, “All I did was tell the truth, and you have sentenced me to die, just for telling the truth. My time is now but your time will come!” He was sentenced “to death and the loss of his civil rights during his lifetime.” Even for just speaking the truth, Helmuth as a 16 year old, was sentenced to death row. If Helmuth had stayed blinded by the lie, then he would have had a higher chance of survival. Instead, he was executed
Intro with Thesis: A Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich is a novel by Alexander Solzhenitsyn that documents totalitarian communism through the eyes of an ordinary prisoner in a Soviet labor camp. This story describes the protagonist, Ivan Denisovich Shukhov, as he freezes and starves with the other prisoners, trying to survive the remainder of his ten-year sentence. In this story, Solzhenitsyn uses the struggles in the camp as a way to represent the defaults of the Soviet Union under Stalin’s regime. By doing this, Solzhenitsyn uses authoritative oppression in his labour camps to demonstrate the corrupt nature of the Soviet system.
In his novel, Fahrenheit 451, Ray Bradbury entices and allows readers to interpret the deeper meaning of the text, which lies far beyond the characters and the setting of the dystopia. Throughout the 50’s and 60’s, many people were deprived of religious freedom due to the extremity of communism. USSR, during the Cold War, required countries to be communists limiting them from their necessary freedoms. Within each of the multiple tragedies in which the story explores, there is a link to the peril and warfare that occurred while this book was written. Bradbury binds the issues with communist countries in the story, and relates it to his fictional text highlighting communism as ineffective system of government and an excessively controlling atmosphere. For example, in 1968, Czechoslovakia attempted to release from the strict Soviet control. A new Czechoslovakian leader, Alexander Dubcek, tried to restore a shattered freedom that has been taken away since the end of WW2. Czechoslovakian People freely expressed themselves and read banned literature, which resulted in the Soviet Union sending Warsaw troops, tanks, and with little retaliation from the Czechoslovakian citizens, transformed them into an uncompromising communist nation. Although this even happened after Fahrenheit 451 was created, it was foreshadowed by Bradbury due to the nature and mindset various countries withheld in the 1950’s. Hence, Bradbury conceals various components of the world’s flaws by means of allusions and metaphors, ultimately paralleling the world to a dystopian society. Bradbury highlights that the world’s major flaw is limiting and restricting people from their necessary basic freedoms.
Bardach, Janusz, and Kathleen Gleeson. Man Is Wolf to Man: Surviving the Gulag. Berkeley, CA: University of California, 1998. Print.
...ing political parties there. Another thing that I learned from reading “Surviving Auschwitz” was the prisoners’ ability to acquire and trade goods between themselves. With such stringent and constant supervision, it amazes me that the prisoners still found a way to set up a sort of “black market” of their own. This illustrates beautifully the human ability to survive and improve our condition, even in the most unforgiving of environments. Quite honestly before reading, “Man is Wolf to Man”, I did not know that the Soviets even had prison camps. I also did not know the extent to which the Soviet army and government victimized their own people. The fact that many of the people in the Soviet Gulag were Soviets is astonishing to me. It baffles me to think about how any ruler of any nation could imprison his or her own people and wreak havoc on them for years and years.
The novel: A Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich (written by Alexander Solzhenitzyn), tells the story of a Russian soldier’s life in a Siberian labor camp around the time of World War II. The protagonist in the story, Ivan, better known as “Shukhov”, is wrongly accused of committing treason and is sentenced to full 10 years of imprisonment in the camp. Throughout the story, the author makes vivid references to help the reader identify with the setting, climate, and overall feeling of what Ivan must deal with on a day-to-day basis. This helps the reader to better understand the points and the reality of what it was like living in one of these camps.
Living in Europe during the 1930’s and 1940’s was very a difficult experience, especially if you were Jewish. In 1933, the Holocaust began when Adolf Hitler came to power in the country of Germany. An estimated 11 million people were killed during the holocaust, six million of those, innocent people, were Jewish. Allied Powers conquered Hitler and the Nazi power on May 8, 1945. Primo Levi was one of the men lucky enough to survive the holocaust. Levi was the author of his autobiography, Survival in Auschwitz. Survival in Auschwitz describes his ten-month journey as a young man surviving the horrible life while in the concentration camp, Auschwitz. Janusz Bardach’s powerfully written novel, Man is Wolf to Man: Surviving the Gulag, reflects on his extraordinary story and life changes while being a prisoner in Kolyma, of the soviet regime. While being a prisoner in these concentration camps, the men weren’t treated like normal human beings. For the two men and the rest of the prisoners, the only way they would survive is to adapt into a new and brutal lifestyle and behavior. The stories about their lives are really an eye opener about life and they remind us how we shouldn’t take for granted the beautiful life we have now.
The novel focuses on one man, Ivan Denisovich Shukhov, as he tries to survive another day in the Soviet Union with dignity and compassion. The action takes place at a prison camp in Russia in the northeastern region called Ekibastuz. The location is pounded by snow, ice and winds of appalling and shocking force during winter and lasted for many weeks. The camp is very isolated as it consists double rows of barbed wire fencing around the entire area, making sure it is fully concealed and private, so that no prisoners can escape. The conditions of the camp are very harsh. It is a union where camp prisoners have to earn their food by working hard in their inadequate clothing during the extremely cold weather. Living conditions are almost unbearable; heavy mattresses do not include sheets, as an alternative it is stuffed with sawdust, prisoners only eat two hundred grams of bread per meal and guards would force prisoners to remove their clothing for body searches at temperatures of forty below zero. The building walls are covered in dull and monotonous white paint and it was untidy and unpleasant. “It’s constant chaos, constant crowds and constant confusion” shows that ceilings are most likely coated with frost and men at the tables are packed as tight and it was always crowded. Rats would diddle around the food store, because of the incredibly unhygienic and filthy environment the camp is and it was so insanitary that some men would die from horrible diseases. “Men trying to barge their way through with full trays” suggests that the living conditions are very harsh indeed and mealtimes would be chaotic, as every famished men would be rushing to receive food. However, not only did the place cause the prisoners to suffer and lose their...
In these camps any who disobeyed him or questioned his rule were forced to work and many worked themselves to death. Those who were not there to work were tortured or outright killed. Many would rather die than face decades of harsh treatment and being forced to work for things that would be used by Stalin. The Great Terror, 1968 by Robert Conquest states in reference to Stalin’s harsh camps and prisons “Died in camps - about 2 million, In prison about 8 million,” (Doc 12) revealing how many people died due to the harsh treatment. Not only were people forced into labour camps many were outright executed for crimes they might not have even committed. A French ambassador to the Soviet Union described the public trials that were part of Stalin’s purges, writing, “Did these ‘confessions’ carry any share of truth? It is possible that the accused were hostile to Stalin’s regime.” (Doc 9) hinting at the fact that many of those accused only crimes were to question or disobey Stalin. All of the senseless death caused by Stalin is another reason that life under Czar Nicholas the second was probably better for most peasants
In Dostoevsky's Notes from Underground, the Underground Man proposes a radically different conception of free action from that of Kant. While Kant thinks that an agent is not acting freely unless he acts for some reason, the Underground Man seems to take the opposite stance: the only way to be truly autonomous is to reject this notion of freedom, and to affirm one's right to act for no reason. I will argue that the Underground Man's notion of freedom builds on Kant's, in that it requires self-consciousness in decision-making. But he breaks from Kant when he makes the claim that acting for a reason is not enough, and only provides an illusion of freedom. When faced with the two options of deceiving himself about his freedom (like most men) or submitting to ìthe wall,î (a form of determinism), the Underground Man chooses an unlikely third option - a 'retort'. I will conclude this paper by questioning whether this 'retort' succeeds at escaping the system of nature he desperately seeks to avoid.
He was beaten and starved for months at a time and never let the Nazi ’s break him. His faith and hope for a better life were constantly in his mind. He would not let his dreams be crumbled no matter how far into the ground he was pushed.
Throughout the 20th century, many countries were ruled by totalitarian leaders who were ready to commit many horrible deeds in order to achieve their goals. Josef Stalin, the leader of Soviet Union between 1924 and 1953, is the perfect example of a despotic ruler, who was responsible for the deaths of millions of people. He believed that communism would transform the Soviet Union into a perfect nation, with an ideal society where everyone would be treated equally. However, in order to achieve this perfection, all external and, more importantly, internal enemies had to be destroyed. Instead of a perfect nation, Stalin created a system, which was based on fear and denunciation, where killing of the so-called "enemies of the nation" became a sport, where Stalin's representatives competed against each other on the basis of the number of "enemies" killed. Throughout almost three decades, millions of innocent people were either killed or put into labour camps. The author of the book himself, was sentenced to eight years in a concentration camp for his anti-Soviet views, which he expressed in writing, and through the characters of his novel, Solzhenitsyn portrays his personal beliefs. Most of the characters in "One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich" are innocent people, who have never done anything reprehensible. Among them is Gopchik, a sixteen-year-old boy who was sentenced to 10 years in concentration camp for giving milk to Ukrainian nationalist rebels, and Aleshka the Baptist who received twenty-five years for his religious beliefs. The protagonist of the novel, Ivan Denisovich Shukhov, is a simple man without any heroic qualities. He is a former carpenter who was sent off to the battlefield during the World War II. After being captured by the Germans, Ivan and five of his fellow soldiers were able to escape and return to the Soviet military base. However, three of them were killed instantly, mistaken for German soldiers while the fourth soldier died from wounds a couple of days later. Although Ivan Denisovich was not shot, he was arrested and accused of being a German spy. Even though he was innocent, he had to confess during the interrogation, because he understood that he would be shot immediately if he did not. As a result, he was sentenced to ten years in a Siberian concentration camp for betraying Soviet Union. The Soviet labour camps represented a small-scale totalitarian nation, where wardens were the despotic rulers who frequently abused the prisoners.
“Notes from Underground” was published in 1864 as a feature presentation of his first 1860 issue “The Epoch”. “Notes from Underground” was written by the author during a time when he faced many challenges in his life. Dostoyevsky faced failure in the publishing of his first journal “Time”, his financial position was becoming weaker and embarrassing. Moreover, his wife was dying and his conservatism was eroded leading to a decline in his popularity with the liberal reading Russians and consequently, he became the focus of attack by the radical and liberal press (Fanger 3). Therefore, this research seeks to find how the author presents the aspect of “underground man” and how he approached Charles Darwin’s thoughts of man in “Origin of the Species”.
The novel, A Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich by Alexander Solzhenitsyn, is a very detailed and graphic description of one man’s life struggle in a Stalinist work camp. It is the story of Ivan Denisovich’s, most often going by the name of Shukhov, determination and strength to endure the hardships of imprisonment and dehumanization. The most memorable scene shows Shukhov’s determination to survive and adapt to his life. The meal scenes of the novel are where he demonstrates that he has learned to adjust in order to survive. “When you worked for the knowing you gave them quality; when you worked for a fool you simply gave him eyewash” (page 26). This is the most important quote in the novel because it is the law of which Shukhov lives and survives by. This novel is an account of one day of a man’s struggle with the life that has been dealt to him.
The success of the escape did not ultimately impinge on whether everyone got out or not, but whether he or she was able to defy the Germans. In different ways, Feldhendler, Pechersky, Shlomo, Toivi, all resisted the Germans. “But what about the others?” said Boris, one of Pechersky’s right hand men, “You know the Germans will kill them all”. Boris replied, “’No my friend, when we go, we’ll all go together. The whole camp. Some will die. But those who make it will get even for them (Rashke, 1995, p.167)