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Social norms of the Victorian era
Sexuality in Victorian
Late Victorian era economics
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Christina Rossetti tackles multiple taboos of the Victorian era in her poem “The Goblin Market”. Introducing a sense of supply and demand with the physical body as a form of commerce. With a demon infested marketplace setting Rossetti tests her characters Lizzie and Laura sense of worth when it comes down to a tempestuous trade the goblin market men. Like any other Victorian maiden they cherish their virtue and value their religion. Struggling to fight the human urges of desire and sexuality to uphold a holy lifestyle and refrain from allowing their bodies to become nothing more than any other commodity at the market.
Goblin Market is in essence, an analogy drawn between the commodity/bodily exchange, which the sisters apply thoroughly to their experience in the goblin market, and the grand narratives of Christianity and sexuality; told through the story of Lizzie and Laura’s venture into goblin territory, or rather, male-dominated economic territory. Sexuality, Christianity and economics each in its own right very demanding issues especially mid 18th century.
Rossetti’s subject matter is erotic, with very visible sensual undertones. The language Rossetti uses insinuates sexual temptation, repression and desire, and it manages to be situated slightly between children’s folklore and adult prose fiction. Such as “Plump unpeck’d cherries,” “Pluck them, suck them,” and “juice that syrupp’d all her face”. Sisters, Lizzie and Laura, represent women’s double quandary in the Victorian sexual economy: either risk becoming a commodity yourself, or risk never tasting desire, never letting yourself in a sense be free and a whim to your natural physical urges. Rossetti’s repressed protagonists assume an inferior position in the presence of the...
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...nts a specifically female experience of Victorian political economy and religious morals. Rossetti’s tale of female consumption is fundamentally doubtful of a world of unrestricted buying and selling associated primarily with men. But Rossetti assumes that women are already implicated as both consumers and that which is consumed. Rossetti’s poetic fable challenges the usual ideology of production and consumption by rearranging human value in female sexuality and sisterhood. Goblin Market is in essence, a comparison drawn between the bodily mercantile exchanges, which the sisters apply delicately to their experience, and the grand narratives of Christianity and sexuality. The natural desires of women are seen as the theatrics of competitive buying and selling; in which women are always at risk as objects to be purchased yet also implicated as beings of consumption.
Judith R. Walkowitz is a Professor Emeritus at John Hopkins University, specializing in modern British history and women’s history. In her book City of Dreadful Delight, she explores nineteenth century England’s development of sexual politics and danger by examining the hype of Jack the Ripper and other tales of sensational nature. By investigating social and cultural history she reveals the complexity of sexuality, and its influence on the public sphere and vice versa. Victorian London had upheld traditional notions of class and gender, that is until they were challenged by forces of different institutions.
During this time in society the industry of prostitution was an economic gold mine. The women operate the brothel while very distinguished men in the community own and take care of the up keep. The brothel keepers are seen as nothing more than common home wrecking whores. However, the owners of the brothels are viewed as successful business men.
...lass and sexuality by including papers like Stead's which brought middle-class readers in touch with the events of working-class London and provided workers with middle-class representations of themselves. City of Dreadful Delight is an assortment of cross-cultural contact and negotiation between class and sexuality in Victorian era London. Walkowitz's analysis emphasizes distinct “classes,” and the impact of events on each group. Through close social and cultural analysis of the explosion of discourses proceeding and surrounding Jack the Ripper, Walkowitz has demonstrated the historical importance of narratives of sexual danger particularly in the lens of sexuality and class. She explicitly demonstrated the conflicted nature of these discourses, outright showing the women marginalized by male discursive dominance, whose struggles continue to even generations later.
In order to discuss the decline in masculinity (or manhood) and moral values, synonym of religious values in both books, it becomes necessary to define what Late-Victorian society considered them to be. In Dracula, masculinity is defined almost exclusively by contrasting it with femininity. The men in the book are praised when they show the opposite qualities that women are described as possessing. While women are shown as obedient and complacent, men are stern and in command of themselves and situations. Men are expected to protect women while women expect and cherish the protection of men. While men are expected to face the unpleasant facts of life, the darkness and the evil, with integrity and courage, women are to be sheltered from danger to avoid the breakdown of their fragile characters. When the group headed by Van Helsing starts their mission of vanishing the Count and all the dangers he brings for England, the men unanimously decide to hide all the unpleasant facts f...
During the Victorian Era, society had idealized expectations that all members of their culture were supposedly striving to accomplish. These conditions were partially a result of the development of middle class practices during the “industrial revolution… [which moved] men outside the home… [into] the harsh business and industrial world, [while] women were left in the relatively unvarying and sheltered environments of their homes” (Brannon 161). This division of genders created the ‘Doctrine of Two Spheres’ where men were active in the public Sphere of Influence, and women were limited to the domestic private Sphere of Influence. Both genders endured considerable pressure to conform to the idealized status of becoming either a masculine ‘English Gentleman’ or a feminine ‘True Woman’. The characteristics required women to be “passive, dependent, pure, refined, and delicate; [while] men were active, independent, coarse …strong [and intelligent]” (Brannon 162). Many children's novels utilized these gendere...
In her poems Christina Rossetti references the loss of innocence stemming from premarital sexual encounters. In both the poems “An Apple Gathering” and “Cousin Kate”, Rossetti tells stories of women who lost their purity before marriage, and therefore deemed outcasts of society. These acts of dalliance exhibit how the loss of innocence can affect a Victorian woman’s life. Each poem begins with the introduction of the women who pursued physical relationships, followed by their abandonment by men, and thus, living their lives as outcasts.
In Christina Rossetti’s narrative poem” Goblin Market”, two sisters, Laura and Lizzie were enchanted by glorious calls from the goblin that were directed towards young innocent maidens, “Come by come by.” The sisters knew not to take the fruit from the Goblins because they were eerie as to where the fruit came from. However, Laura feel for the tempting calls of the Goblin men. It could be argued that Laura accepted the fruit because of her curiosity in the Goblin men created Laura’s desire to indulge herself into something she has yet to experience. Laura had a yearning for sexual temptation because of the tempting calls from the Goblins.
This essay explores the blurring of gender roles within Bram Stoker’s Dracula and Angela Carter’s The Lady of the House of Love, focusing on the presentation of a sexually assertive female and its threat to the patriarchal society, and the duality of the female characters as they are presented as enticing and thrilling, but also dangerous and somewhat repulsive.
One of the strongest emotions inherent in us as humans is desire. The majority of the time, we are unable to control what we crave; however, with practice, we learn not all things we want are necessary. As a result of this mature understanding, we are able to ease our feelings and sometimes even suppress our desires. Something even more mature is understanding that when we give in to our desires, we become vulnerable. In a harsh, brutal world, vulnerability will not work to our advantage. In Christina Rossetti’s “Goblin Market,” she writes about a sister who succumbs to her desire and pays dearly for it while the other sister resists her desires and receives the ultimate reward of her sister’s life. By creating such a spectacular tale, Rossetti stresses the importance of being in touch with one’s desires and being able to prevail over their strong hold because in the harsh world we live in, we cannot afford to let our desire get the best of us.
...re cautious look at "Goblin Market" shows that the poetry is pretty complicated, and able to back up a more innovative studying than the ones put forth above. Rather than saying that "Goblin Market" has a particular concept, I would put forth the idea that it efforts to cope with certain issues Rossetti identified within the cannon of British literary works, and particularly with the issue of how to create a women idol.
Bram Stoker and Sheridan Le Fanu’s texts, Dracula (1898) and “Carmilla” (1872), use gothic tropes in similar ways to captivate readers with horror and terror. This essay will illustrate how, in comparison, both texts include gothic tropes: the New Woman, sexuality and setting, in order to provoke emotions and reactions from the readers. To achieve this, this essay will focus on the women that challenge traditional gender roles and stereotypes, and deconstruct each text in regards to the very strong undertones of homosexuality; specifically between Carmilla and Laura, and Dracula and Harker. By discussing the harshness and darkness of the environments described, including ruined castles and isolated landscapes; this essay will also explore the
In conclusion to this essay, having examined these 19th century gothic texts, it is fair to say that normative gender behaviour and sexuality pervades them. This element gives the reader a deep insight into the culture context of the time in which these stories are situated. It enables the reader to delve into the darker sides of humanity at that time, that they would not have been able to do otherwise.
The rain-laden trees of the avenue evoked in him, as always, memories of the girls and women in the plays of Gerhart Hauptmann; and the memory of their pale sorrows and the fragrance falling from the wet branches mingled in a mood of quiet joy. His morning walk across the city had begun, and he foreknew that as he passed the sloblands of Fairview he would think of the cloistral silver-veined prose of Newman; that as he walked along the North Strand Road, glancing idly at the windows of the provision shops, he would recall the dark humour of Guido Cavalcanti and smile; that as he went by Baird's stonecutting works in Talbot Place the spirit of Ibsen would blow through him like a keen wind, a spirit of wayward boyish beauty... (P 179)
Christina Rosetti’s poem “Goblin Market” has elements of Christianity and sexuality; however, the Christian elements outweigh and are more influential than the sexual elements.
...th of the commodity of virginity was held in such high regard that talk of sex was relegated to that which took place for a price by a whore .