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Creation of the state of Israel
THE JEWISH covenant with God
Covenant and the Jewish relationship with God
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Israel’s beginning as an established nation and Israel’s recuperation from seventy years of Babylonian captivity is covered in the Books of History. After the conquest of Joshua, God sent deliverers also known as judges to judge the hearts of the people of Israel and rule over them after Joshua’s death. The Philistines’ brutally attacked the nation; subsequently, these assaults were a result of the people’s covenant disobedience. The Ark of the Covenant had been lost to the Philistines, consequently meaning they had a total disconnection from God’s presence and the mosaic covenant . God showed the people grace and punished the Philistines thus the Ark was returned. At this time the people of Israel desired a worldly king, chose a king, their chosen king was rejected by God, they were delivered a new king, and his successor’s sin ultimately led to division of the nation. The Philistines did not return to Israel during Samuel’s judge. During this time the people of Israel desired a king to rule over them. The people desired a king who would fight their battles. They sought to be like the surrounding nations. “Then all the elders of Israel gathered together and came to Samuel at Ramah, and said to him, “Look, you are old, and your sons do not walk in your ways. Now make us a king to judge us like all the nations.”’ (1 Sam 8:4, 5 [NKJ]). Samuel warned the people of Israel about the repercussions of having a reigning king. Sorrowfully, the people of Israel repudiated Samuel’s warnings, “No, but we will have a king over us, that we also may be like all the nations, and that our king may judge us and go out before us and fight our battles.” (1 Sam 8:19, 20 [NKJ]) They coveted a king, so the Lord gave them a king. The people of Israel wer... ... middle of paper ... ... they were delivered a new king, and his successor’s sin ultimately led to division of the nation. If you’re not serving God, you are serving someone. If you are not living for God, you’re living for someone else. God wants the hearts of His people and if the people’s hearts are not with Him, He will give them what they yearn. A heart which does not yearn for God is a heart set on a path of spiritual separation from God. God showed the people of Israel the consequences of their rejection of Him as King. Works Cited H. Crosby, D.D. Bible Hub. 2004-2013. http://www.biblehub.com/commentaries/illustrator/1_kings/11.htm (accessed February 7, 2014). Hindson, Ed, and Gary Yates. The Essence of the Old Testament: A Survey. Nashville: B & H Publishing Group, 2012. Hinson, Ed. Courageous Faith: Life Lessons From Old Testament Heroes. Chattanooga: AMG Publishers, 2003.
Ezekiel lived in a time of international crisis and conflict. Assyria was the world power in the area under the rule of Tiglath-pilesar III. In 724 B.C Israel raged war upon Assyria, and Israel was no match for Assyria. In 627 B.C the last of the able Assyrian ruler, Ashurbanipal died. Right after the death of Ashurbanipal, Babylon under Nabopolassar wanted independence from Assyria. In 612 B.C the Assyrians under Nineveh surrendered to the rising Babylonians. In 605 B.C the Babylonians were at war against the Egyptians. The Babylonians won and they established themselves as the leading power in the area. During all of this Judea allied with the Babylonians and with this Judea kept her independence. During the last century before Judea was destroyed it was ruled by four rulers and of those rulers, all but Josiah were wicked. Josiah was committed to God and led Judea to him. All the others did not heed the warnings of Ezekiel and Jeremiah from God, and the rulers of Judea chose to rebel against God. God punished Judea by sending Nebuchadnezzar’s army to crush the nation of Judea and flatten the city of Jerusalem.
However, even though the exiles were allowed to return to their ancestral homeland of Judah, many of the people chose not to return but to remain in the recently conquered city of Babylon. There are many contributing factors concerning why these Hebrew exiles chose to remain. Even so, it is difficult to understand why a people, who were located in Palestine for over a millennium and who had such strong religious beliefs and practices, would choose to abandon the location of their now destroyed sacred Temple and ancestral home after being exiled for only fifty years.
Hindson, E. E., & Yates, G. E. (2012). The Essence of the Old Testament: A survey. Nashville, Tenn: B & H Academic.
This phrase is later repeated three more times, in Judges 18:1, 19:1, and 21:25. Since the phrase is repeated several times, it emphasizes the need for a king to govern the people and lead them in better ways. The Davidic covenant also exemplifies this positive view, since God showed favor on David and his descendants. God said that King David’s descendants are God’s sons, and that the LORD will establish a “royal throne forever”, as in a line of kings until the end of time (2 Sam. 7:13). God also promises to give David “rest from all your enemies” (2 Sam. 7:11) and a place for his people to live (2 Sam. 7:10). Just like Abraham, King David is promised descendants, blessings, and land. Hezekiah, another good king of Judah, was also viewed favorably. In the LORD’s sight, Hezekiah did what was right, just like David (2 Kgs 18:3). 2 Kings 18: 5 also states that “and neither before nor after [Hezekiah] was there anyone like him among all the kings of Judah.” Unlike Solomon, Hezekiah observed the commandments and thus, “the LORD was with him, and he succeeded in all he set out to do” (2 Kgs 18:7). Therefore, the Deuteronomistic History looks favorably upon kings, since the need for a king is stated multiple times in Judges, and kings like David and Hezekiah are looked upon with favor by God and the people
...e to win the war. In the end, 6,000 Israeli lives were lost, but this was only a small part of the population, and the win only strengthened the country (Trueman, 1). The Jews were motivated to keep Israel since the Israelites had been exiled from the Promise Land for centuries, and were determined to recreate God’s plan for a model nation. This victory was a premonition to a successful future for the people of Israel.
Israelite history from about 1200 to 1000 BC is marked by the leadership of the Twelve Judges. The Book of Judges does not give a chronological account of the time between the settlement of Canaan and the rise of the monarchy, but instead tells a series of short accounts of the Judge’s accomplishments. The Twelve Judges served the Hebrew people as tribal leaders, military leaders, arbiters of disputes, and enliveners of faith. After the death of Joshua, the Israelites fell into a cycle of sin, calamity, repentance, and deliverance. The Judges emerged when the Israelites began to fall away from their core religious beliefs by worshipping false Gods. Each time that happened, God sent a Judge to save the Israelites from destruction.
Gundry, Robert H., Ph.D. A Survey of the New Testament. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan Publishing House, 1970.
New Testament. Vol. 2. Edited by Gerhard Kittel. Translated by Geoffrey W. Bromiley. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1964.
Robinson, B. A. (2008, March 30). Books of the Hebrew Scripture . Retrieved May 7, 2011, from Religious Tolerance: http://www.religioustolerance.org/chr_otb3.htm
Studying the Old Testament is not as straightforward as some may think. Being able to recall stories of the Bible does not necessarily mean you have a thorough grasp on the history of Israel and the surrounding nations. Some people read and discuss the Bible without a solid understanding of the history and social issues that were going on at the time. Being able to relate to the stories in the Bible and struggle with some of the same problems faced by the people in the Bible gives you a greater appreciation for the works in the Bible. I feel that having a firm understanding of all the related history of Israel gives a student of the Old Testament a far greater understanding of why these stories are in the Bible and what was meant to be learned from them. In this paper I give brief, yet significant, explanations of the Old Testament from the death of King David to the Maccabean revolt.
New International Commentary on the New Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1997. Osborne, Grant R. Revelation. Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2002.
The people fell into religiously giving of their sacrifices. Not out of a heart of love and devotion but out of duty and obligation. God knew their heart and knew their sacrifices weren’t offered out of a contrite heart. They thought they could buy God’s forgiveness with their wealth, or they could offer sacrifices that weren’t acceptable in Gods sight. They just didn’t get it! God would rather have their love then have them pleased with themselves for following some religious rules or good deeds. God expresses through the Prophet Micah what pleases Him “What can we bring to the LORD? Should we bring him burnt offerings? Should we bow before God Most High with offerings of yearling calves? Should we offer him thousands of rams and ten thousand rivers of olive oil? Should we sacrifice our firstborn children to pay for our sins? No, O people, the LORD has told you what is good, and this is what he requires of you to do what is right, to love mercy, and to walk humbly with your God.”
First Samuel 8:5; 19-20 records Israel’s request for a king developed out their desire to be like the nations around them, thus placing them on the “broad road.” They desired a king to fight their battles, to establish a government, and to rule over them. During the time of the Judges, there was no central government, no one to fight for them, except God of course. To make matters worse the
They all fled for their lives and the Hebrews won the war. During David's life
LaSor, W., Hubbard, D., Bush, F., & Allen, L. (1996). Old Testament survey: The message, form, and background of the Old Testament (2nd ed.). Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans