The Effects Of Sepsis

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Introduction
Sepsis is a critical condition caused by an overreacting immune response to an infection. Most of the time, such infection are caused by bacteria. When a person is being infected, chemicals are released into the bloodstream to fight off infection. This may result in multiples inflammation found within the body. Inflammation can trigger a cascade of event which may cause multiple organ damage, leading to multiple failure of organs where the body is unable to function normally. In worst scenario, infection can lead to an increase in low blood pressure which rapidly leads to the failure of several organs causing death. Besides causing inflammation, it also causes increased in coagulation, decreased fibrinolysis and decreases the amount of activated protein C in the body (Tazbir, 2004).
Protein C is a soluble and vitamin K dependent (Toussaint and Gerlach, 2009) molecule that are produced in our body which aids in the prevention of blood clotting. These proteins are initially in an inactive form, and are being activated when thrombin binds to thrombomodulin (Tazbir, 2004). Protein C are able to act as an anticoagulant which inhibit clotting factors Va and VIIIa when it work together with its cofactor protein S (Yamakawa et al, 2011). It is understood that inflammation is brought about by cytokine production in our body. In order to reduce inflammation, activated protein C is trigger. It also leads to an increased in fibrinolysis by inactivating plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) (Tazbir, 2004).
For human with sepsis, plasma levels of proteins C are decreased and thrombomodulin is downregulated. Since it is downregulated, thrombin will not be able to bind with it to form an activated protein C. This results in multi...

... middle of paper ...

...s could also lead to an increased in activated protein C.
Results
It is clearly stated that treatment with recombinant activated protein C is beneficial to sepsis. Researchers do make changes to the dose of DrotAA and the duration for such treatment. This may help in the decision-making of identifying the right amount to completely cure sepsis or in another words reduce the rate of mortality. It is stated that high doses and long infusion period results in a higher amount of protein C (Shorr et al, 2010). Although there are a few cases of bleeding occurred, it can actually be prevented by the use of activated protein C variants (Mosnier, Gale, Yegneswaran and Griffin, 2004). Mortality rate was also lower in patients treated with rhTM (Yamakawa et al, 2011). There was also another research done with all the patients survived after the treatment (Donati et al, 2013).

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