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Mass extinction and its consequences
Mass extinction and its consequences
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In the video, “The dawn of de-extinction. Are you Ready”, Stewart Brand, introduced us to term de-extinction, the process of creating an organism that is extinct, and the global benefits of this process. In addition, Mr. Brand mentioned how humankind didn’t realize the biological impact of extinction until 1914, when the last female passenger pigeon died at the Cincinnati zoo. Moreover, how the number of this specie went from five billion birds to zero in couple decades, because of the out of control commercial hunting and other human activities. On the other hand, this specific consequence of the commercial hunting made people realize that the extinction of other species, like the American bison, will happen and needs to stop. Subsequently,
In this paper Martin is arguing that late quaternary or near time extinctions where caused by human activity or as he calls it “overkill”. Martin recognizes that there have been many forces that have triggered extinctions in the planet on the past but disagrees with the idea that near time extinctions where caused by some commonly believed causes like climate change, disease or nutrient shortage. He argues that the arrival of humans to different continents, islands and the subsequent excessive hunting, the introduction of diseases and other competitors and predators was the cause of extinction of a great number of species “As our species spread to various continents we wiped out their large
There I was, standing face to face with the bobtailed lynx. It was looking right at me and licking its chops with delight. It seemed as if the beast was thinking "Lunch" on this cold, gray December day, but I wasn't worried about being attacked. The reason for this was the fact that this was a domestic lynx that just happened to be on the other side of a stout metal cage, so there was no chance of the lynx getting a hold of me.
“If you want to think about why humans are so dangerous to other species, you can picture a poacher in Africa carrying and Ak-47/ better still, you can picture yourself, holding a book on your lap” (Kolbert 266). This excerpt alone sets up the dark narrative that lies within The Sixth Extinction. It is uncomfortable to think about the impact that humans have on the environment on a global scale; however, it is nearly unbearable to recognize individual actions such as reading a book, directly contribute to the devastation of the earth.
When people started to see the declining of wildlife animals include bison and many colorful birds; it cause a rise of conservation. A cause of the extermination of bison is “From the Great Slave Lake to the Rio Grande, the home of the buffalo was everywhere overrun by the man with a gun; and, as had ever been the case, the wild creatures were gradually swept away, the largest and most conspicuous forms being the first to go.”(Doc.2) And the new information about the number of beautiful birds used to furnish women’s hats caused further conservation movement. “It if high time for the whole civilized world to know that many of the most beautiful and remarkable birds of the world are now being exterminated to furnish millinery ornaments for womenswear. The mass of the new information that we have recently secured on this
In this research paper, I will address the changes that occurred within the ecosystem of Yellowstone National Park since the reintroduction of the grey wolves. The paper will consist of four sections; the first section will include the history behind the extirpation and subsequent reintroduction of the gray wolf in Northern America. The second section will explore the political controversy that surrounds the reintroduction of the gray wolf in Yellowstone. The third section will contain discuss the gray wolf and its impact on the ecosystem of Yellowstone. I will conclude my essay by explaining how the gray wolves act as climate change buffers in Yellowstone amidst global warming.
On a day to day basis, most people take for granted the lives we get to live, and put too much value on the extra things such as materialistic items. Also, the majority of humans are too invested in their personal lives or with themselves that they do not look at the big picture of how what we are doing now will effect us later. As humans, the routines in our lives can bring us harm, and within time a we may become the sixth extinction. In “The Sixth Extinction” by Elizabeth Kolbert, she gives many examples of animals that are or may become extinct. Along with ways humans contribute to the effort of putting them in danger or having them become extinct. In the end having a summary of how this all comes together and impacts us humans in more
Years ago, species such as the Pyrenean Ibex, Passenger Pigeon, and the Wooly Mammoth used to roam the very same earth that we humans walk today. These species, along with many others have gone extinct over the course of time and now only fossils remain. However, Scientists are using biotechnology in an attempt to bring these species back from the dead. This process is known as de-extinction. De-Extinction, also known as resurrection biology, is the scientific process of resurrecting species that have died out, or gone extinct (Britannica). Scientists are using three different techniques in their attempt to resurrect these species which includes breeding back, genetic engineering, cloning.
Andrew Isenberg said that “the destruction of the bison was not merely the result of human agency but the consequence of the interaction of human society with a dynamic environment.” Humans and nature both played a large role in the ultimate demise of the bison.
Who wouldn’t want to see a Wooly Mammoth traipsing across the tundra, or see witness and laugh at the odd sized Dodo Bird? Although the spectacle of witnessing such animals is certainly fascinating, it is this attitude that makes the practice of de-extinction, in my opinion, morally incorrect. Reviving a species solely for entertainment purposes is inhumane. And due to the fact that releasing a revived species into the wild could be disastrous, the animals would have to reside in zoos, where humans could gawk at them for the rest of their lives. And if they escaped, well, we might have a Jurassic Park situation in our
Thousands of years ago, hunting may have been the cause of the extinction of the North American large land mammals. “Moving up into the 1940’s and 50’s some of today’s most prominent game animals were almost non-existent.”(Kerry G) Over-hunting will directly cause the decline in the particular animal’s species. This will effect everything around it, for example ...
De-extinction is a process that has been experimented with for many years, but has never been completely successful. The ethics and consequences of this idea have been questioned but, de-extinction has the potential to be truly helpful to humans and the environment, and many of the scenarios that people think could happen, are actually impossible. To actually revive a species, there are certain conditions that must be met, and the terrible situations that people think could happen, are unable to actually occur because of the lack of . Bringing species back that are beneficial to the environment could preserve biodiversity, restore diminished ecosystems, advance the science of preventing extinctions, and undo the harm that people have caused in the past. The true potential of the revival of species cannot be realized because people overdramatize the effects and possible outcomes. Once we realize and understand how beneficial the process of de-extinction can be we can better improve our world, our lives, and our ecosystems.
...to conclude, the theory of consequentialism should be applied when deciding which species deserve a greater level of conservation. Therefore, conservation should be applied in a way that the maximum amount of good for the maximum number of species is achieved. This involves conserving the species which can sustain others and sustain a high level of biodiversity. Moreover, there need to be measures in place to ensure that some species are not the target of too much or any conservation. Nevertheless, we can never be sure about whether conserving some species which are too close to extinction is actually a fool’s errand. As the American bison, which was almost abandoned due to the fact that its population fell to 950, ultimately survived. The northern white rhino might be a hopeless case. Or, it could be another American bison, sitting tight for rescue.
In the year 1662 in Mauritius Island, the dodo birds were all killed by the explorers from Portugal because of its meat. In addition to this, dodo birds are fearless flightless birds and do not have natural predators which makes them an easy prey to both human and invasive predators brought in their island. Quaggas were killed for their unique skin until no more quaggas were found. A number of animals also die due to deforestation, lost of habitat; the last Western Black Rhino’s death is examples of this, the extinction of their species were also caused by illegal poaching. The prey-predator food web is being disrupted and which causes an increase of competition for food and starvation of animals which leads to death. Hunting and using natural resources are okay but if done in excess can lead to extinction of animals. These events in the past must have taught us lessons and doing these wrong practices must be stopped if we do not want to see them in books or internet only because the disappearing of the animals in real life
It is widely agreed that such an object asteroid 10 kilometers across struck just off the coast of the Yucatan Pennsylvania 66 million years ago. According to scientists who maintain the dinosaur extinction came quickly, the impact must have spelled the cataclysmic end. For months, scientists conclude, dense clouds of dust blocked the sun’s rays darkening, and chilling Earth to deadly levels for most plants and, in turn, many animals. Then when the dust finally settled, gases created by the impact caused temperatures to rise above pre-impact levels. In a few years to this hypothesis these frigate and sweltry climatic extremes caused the extinction of not just the dinosaurs, but up to 70 percent of all plants and animals living at the time.