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Derivative financial instruments
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Investment Enhancement Paper
The creation and composition of an investment portfolio is not an easy task, the investor must ensure that they have both financial stability and profitability. Appropriate asset classes ensure that an effective and profitable portfolio is being put together, with later revisions being an option if changes need to be made. A successful portfolio will include assets from both the domestic and international market in order to improve the portfolios exposure to risk in each market.
On top of the common investment vehicle, there are alternatives which an investor can turn to when their portfolio is not performing as they expected. In addition derivative securities are also helpful to enhance a portfolios performance. This highlights the need for an investor to understand the options before they begin to compose their portfolio.
International Portfolio Diversification
A diverse portfolio is essential for an investor to expose their portfolio to the necessary risk due to the differences in characteristics from one asset to the next; these assets will be within both the domestic and international market. Fisher (2012) states that a “global portfolio should earn a higher return for the same level of risk and take less risk for the same level of return.” Therefore an investor can achieve a reduction in risk through international diversification. Some financial experts give advice to investors to include international assets into their portfolios. Over recent years, experts have begun to look ahead into the market and it has been noted that there is “A continuation of the long-term trend in the decline of the dollar” (Fisher, 2012). This information indicates that the incorporation of international assets withi...
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...otal liabilities of the portfolio. There are various ways to enter into the international investment market, one of these options are derivative securities. An example would be future contracts which are going to further enhance the portfolio. There are other alternative options which can be used to enhance the portfolio; it is essential that the investors know all of their options and utilize them before they assemble the final portfolio composition.
As we can see research is essential for investors before they can fully utilize their potions for their portfolio and successfully create an effective and profitable portfolio. They must call upon all of their experience, knowledge, determination and dedication in order to fully commit to an investment strategy and follow their portfolio through; their aim is to have an excellent portfolio which exceeds optimum levels.
There are notable opportunities for investing in Brazil’s financial market, since Brazil is still one of the leading exporters of commodities in the world. Financial markets in Brazil are not stable since there are economic concerns and slow productivity rates which means smaller profitability of domestic companies.
With that, it is time for the investor set a goal. Is the goal that of short or long term success? Is there a specific rate of return you wish to achieve? Or do you simply wish to come out ahead? Once the goals are put into place it is time for investment strategies. The investors goals will be key in helping plan the strategies for the investor.
...r investments that can support the other weight and balance their portfolio and therefore alleviate some of the risk they face.
No matter what industry you work in—whether you’re an employee, a parent, an OFW, or a freelancer—understanding investment can open doors for you. With countless book resources and the free internet, we are blessed to have many tools and options for self-learning than ever before. But whether you admit it or not, there’s a ceiling to what you can learn and still, your motivation can remain on the ground level. Add fear to hinder this and you may not be able to actually do it to learn more about it.
Ross, S.A., Westerfield, R.W., Jaffe, J. and Jordan, B.D., 2008. Modern Financial Management: International Student Edition. 8th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies.
The expanding global market has created both staggering wealth for some and the promise of it for others. Business is more competitive than ever before, and every business, financial or product-based, regardless of size or international presence is obligated to operate as efficiently as possible. A major factor in that efficient operation is to take advantage of every opportunity to maximize profits. Many multinational organizations have used derivatives for years in financial risk management activities. These same actions that can protect multinational organizations against interest rate futures and currency fluctuations can be used to create profits for those same organizations.
This chapter will explore the theories associated with the Modern Portfolio Theory and Markowitz efficient frontier. The understanding and role of alternative investments and emotional assets in the financial world are also exemplified. The chapter will then conclude by analysing the importance of alternative investments and emotional assets to a portfolio using existing academic literature.
This assignment is concerned with your understanding of the key issues relative to portfolio analysis and investment. In completing this assignment you are to limit your scope to the US stock markets only. Use the Cybrary, the Internet, and course resources to write a 2-page essay which you will use with new clients of your financial planning business which addresses the following issues and/or practices:
Finance theory does not provide a complete framework for explaining risk management under the fluctuated financial environment in which firm operates. Hence, for corporate managers, they rank risk management as one of their top priorities. One of the strategies to reduce risk is by hedging. This paper will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of hedging risk using financial derivatives.
The following essay will expand on the usefulness and flaws of CAPM and other asset evaluation frameworks and in the end showing that despite all the evidence against CAPM it is still a useful model for determining asset investments.
International investing is something that many investors find that they can benefit from for many reasons. Two of the main reasons why investors choose to invest in foreign markets are growth and diversification. Growth allows investors the potential to take advantage of new opportunities in foreign emerging markets. International markets can potentially offer opportunities that might not be available in the United States. Diversification allows investors to spread out their risk to different markets and foreign companies other than those just in the United States allowing them to potentially create larger returns on their investment as well as reducing risks. (U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 2012) While investing internationally can be a very lucrative and rewarding decision, there are also extra risks involved with investing internationally. One of the main risks that international investors encounter is foreign exchange risk also known as currency risk. Currency risk is a financial risk that is created by contact with unforeseen changes in the exchange rate between two currencies. These changes can cause unpredictable gains or losses when profits from investments are converted from a foreign currency to the United Stated dollar. There are precautions that can be taken by investors to potentially lower their risk of currency value fluctuations and other risk factors that are present in international investing. (Gibley, 2012)
According to Investopedia (Asset Allocation Definition, 2013), asset allocation is an investment strategy that aims to balance risk and reward by distributing a portfolio’s assets according to an individual’s goals, risk tolerance and investment horizon. There are three main asset classes: equities, fixed-income, cash and cash equivalents; but they all have different levels of risk and return. A prudent investor should be careful in allocating each asset class to his portfolio. Proper asset allocation is a highly debatable subject and is not designed equally for everybody, but is rather based on the desires and needs of the individual investor. This paper discusses the importance of asset allocation, the differences and the proper diversification within the portfolio.
Safe Investments: Investing in safe investments such as treasury bonds is a classic
There is a common trend of market decline in U.S and abroad, and this creates fear that we may go back to the financial crisis (Edison, 2000). Fears of a second financial crisis within a decade have been catalyzed by the turbulence in markets. Share prices have fallen drastically, and slump in cost of oil has left crude oil trading above thirty dollars per barrel. The situation can get even worse as analysts point out as emerging market currencies are in free fall. The United States corporate sector is hardly crushed by an appreciation of the dollar (Mishkin, 2011).
Using the Modern Portfolio Theory, overtime risk assets will provide a higher expected rate of return, as compensation to the investors for accepting a high risk. The high risk will eventually lower collecting asset classes to the portfolio, thus reducing the volatile risk, and increasing the expected rates of return. Furthermore the purpose of this theory is to develop the most optimal investments portfolio which would yield the highest rate of return while ascertaining the risk for the individual or corporate investor.