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Events that lead to civil war essay
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Occurred on July 21, 1861, also known as Battle of Manassas.
The Union General is Irvin McDowell.
The Confederate General involved were P.G.T. Beauregard and Joseph E. Johnston.
The Confederate won the war, which was the first battle in the Civil War.
The Battle Of Antietam was one of the most bloodiest fights with casualties over 23,000 with both sides combined. The Union had around 75,000 mens while the Confederate had 37,000.
The Confederate sent General Jackson to capture Harper’s Ferry while General Lee invaded Maryland so he could protect Virginia’s harvest, gain Maryland volunteers, win, demoralise the North and persuade Britain to help them in the war.
However, things didn’t go as planned and the Confederate lost. General Lee lost his operational orders which had fallen into the hands of McClellan meaning he knows what they are going to do and Lee had lost soldiers, decreasing
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his army size. The Battle of Antietam was considered three separate battles, but during those three battles, the Union had all been partially successful. As the result of the battle, Lincoln issued his Emancipation Proclamation and reduced the chances of British help to the Confederate.
But since McClellan victory was partially successful, he was relieved of his role, being replaced by General Burnside.
The Union won the Battle of Antietam won due to the size of the Union army and the disarray the Confederate had since they weren’t organized.
The Battle of Chancellorsville is widely considered by Historians to be Robert E. Lee’s greatest victory during the American Civil War. Lee successfully defeated an enemy force nearly twice the size of his own. Hooker had the numerical superiority but did not use the advantage to his benefit.
Fought in the Wilderness region of Virginia, Chancellorsville was General Robert E. Lee’s greatest defensive victory, Lee was outnumbered 60,000 men to 80,000 men behind them due to Joseph Hooke’s well executed march and river crossing, but Hooker proceeded to completely waste his advantage by not raising defenses near the Chancellor Farm. Lee arrived and proceeded to plan his own flank
movement. Early on May 2, Jackson and 30,000 of his men followed a route leading to General Hooker’s weak right flank. They began their attack that ended up destroying half of Hooker’s line; their complete victory stopped by nightfall. However, the victory came at a great cost, Jackson, scouting in the dark, was mortally wounded by friendly fire. On May 3rd, Lee took the offensive and took his victory which would lead him north to Gettysburg in a few week’s time. The Battle of Gettysburg is considered by many to be the most important engagement of the American Civil War. After Lee’s decisive victory over Union Forces at Chancellorsville, Lee marched his army into Pennsylvania in late June. On July 1st, the marching Confederates clashed with the Union’s Army of the Potomac, commanded by Union General George G. Meade at the crossroads town of Gettysburg. The next day, Confederates attacked the Federals from left and right sides, and on July 3rd, Lee ordered an attack by a little less than 15,000 troops on the enemy’s center at Cemetery Ridge, which is known as Pickett’s Charge. Union Infantry opened fire on the advancing rebels from behind stone walls, and catching the Confederates from both sides, this charge ended up causing the Confederate side thousands of rebel casualties. Because of his staggering losses, Lee was forced to withdraw his heavily damaged army towards Virginia on July 4th. Lee hoped for a Union counterattack that never came. He withdrew towards Virginia, demoralized by his defeat, the Battle at Gettysburg ultimately turned the tide of the war in the Union's Favor.
Sears’ thesis is the Union could have won the war faster. McClellan was an incompetent commander and to take the initiative to attack an defeat the Confederate army. The Army of Northern Virginia, under...
Nevertheless, an attitude they show is their cause for engaging in the war. On page 110, Lee describes, “With every step of a soldier, with every tick of the clock, the army was gaining safety, closer to victory, closer to the dream of independence.” His words reveal that their reason for coming was to gain their long overdue independence. Without a cause worth fighting for on each side, the war would have no fuel or reason to continue. In like manner, another attitude of the South was their admiration for their commander general. On page 251, Longstreet proclaims, “Colonel, let me explain something. The secret of General Lee is that men love him and follow him with faith in him. That’s one secret.” I believe this clarifies that the bond of brotherhood and respect for each other in this army would allow for these soldiers to follow their leader blindly. The overwhelming amount of faith and trust among the Army of the Northern Virginia is inspiring. The Confederates prove in these appearances that they do indeed have an important cause that they are willing to die
Both Armies repositioned their artillery to the most advantageous position but it appeared that the Army of Northern Virginia had surrounded the Army of the Potomac but in a less defensible position. When two Armies meet on a battlefield the overall objective is to eliminate the opposition, so one of them would have to make a move. Lee ordered Generals Longstreet and Ewell to attack but due to a lack of decisive action on Longstreet’s part, the day would end in the bloodiest offensive of the battle and Longstreet would suffer great losses by Cemetery Hill .
“Their differing perceptions of the nature of war form the backbone of the difficult relationship between these two men.” Lee, an older soldier, values much of an offensive warfare approach, while Longstreet values a defensive warfare approach. Both men consistently argue about the best option for the Confederacy. However, “no matter how much he might disagree, Longstreet defers to Lee’s decisions.” In an argument as to who was right, none of the developed tactics provide clear evidence as to what was going to work, especially with a military of lesser men, considering the war in 1863. Although General Lee’s tactics did not work during the Battle of Gettysburg, there is no evidence that General Longstreet’s defensive strategy would have worked significantly better. Therefore, neither of the generals exceeded the other when it comes to military strategies, which rather debunks Shaara’s depiction of Longstreet’s advanced knowledge of modern warfare. Despite of the importance of the Battle of Gettysburg, often marked as the turning point of the war, General Longstreet should not obey an order that results in a significant loss of men that would be extremely difficult to replace at this time. Already limited by the amount of men still able to fight, pushing additional forces in an open battle would just nearly deplete the confederate soldiers completely, and
Lee had supreme confidence in his army, and believed that it could accomplish whatever he asked of it. This confidence sometimes led him to ask too much, such as in the case of Picket’s charge during the battle of Gettysburg. In Lee’s mind he was first and foremost a Christian, and a gentleman. These facts, although not bad, certainly caused Lee to be less aggressive, and to fight the war in a very old-fashioned manner. This was not so with Grant, who seemed to believe in a more modern type of total warfare. Perhaps because this war, as many contend, was the first modern war, it was impossible for the South, and it’s leaders to adapt to the situation.
One of the best commanders in the Confederate army was Lee still; the Union stood at a better standpoint during the battle. “Perhaps the most significant lesson from July 3, 1863, concerns the method of decision-making. Though he may not have seen it as such, Lee’s decision to attack was at best a close call.” (Gompert 2006, pg.7). The battle of Gettysburg did not happen intentionally, planned however Lee did an astounding job and his best to defeat the Union army. Ultimately Robert E. Lee was responsible for the South’s loss
The famous Battle of Gettysburg was a major part of the Civil War. Before the Battle of Gettysburg, the Confederate army had the advantage. Although the casualty tolls of both armies were relatively close in numbers, the North and the South’s attitudes towards the war completely differed after the Battle of Gettysburg. The events occurring in the months following the historic battle were what gave the Union Troops the greatest advantage leading to their victory at the end of the Civil War.
While Burnside waited, Lee was positioning himself for the best way to attack. Lee also had help from Stonewall; Stonewall was positioned down stream on the Rappahannock River. Stonewall had two regiments by the creek and two regiments by the railroad. Lee also had help from General Longstreet, who was positioned by the Rappahannock River and the railroad. The position that Lee had set up was good because he was on higher ground looking down on the Union. Lee, with the major adv...
In conclusion, it is imperative to observe that not many people could have foreseen the outcomes of the war. In fact, for many people who actually lived during the time that this war took place; the civil war to them was a thing that would just happen and end after a short while. The northerners on the other hand did not expect that the south would chose to put up a very spirited defense and the people from the south knew exactly the weaknesses of the northerners that they really felt they could face Washington and coerce the authorities to identify the confederacy. Sadly, both warring sides had an impractical outlook into the war which turned out to take a very long time that any of the factions had wanted it to last.
Lee is very quick; he organized scattered confederate troops into the famed Army of Northern Virginia in just three weeks. Lee’s wisdom urged him to keep the Union as far away as possible from the armament producing center of Richmond and far away from the northern part of the state where farmers were harvesting crops. Lee knows that defeats of such decisive sports will weaken our will to continue the war, and he prevented this at all costs.
The Civil War that took place in the United States from 1861 to 1865 could have easily swung either way at several points during the conflict. There is however several reasons that the North would emerge victorious from this bloody war that pit brother against brother. Some of the main contributing factors are superior industrial capabilities, more efficient logistical support, greater naval power, and a largely lopsided population in favor of the Union. Also one of the advantages the Union had was that of an experienced government, an advantage that very well might have been one of the greatest contributing factors to their success. There are many reasons factors that lead to the North's victory, and each of these elements in and amongst themselves was extremely vital to the effectiveness of the Northern military forces. Had any one of these factors not been in place the outcome of the war could have been significantly different, and the United States as we know it today could be quite a different place to live.
Before the battle, major cities in the North such as Philadelphia, Baltimore, and even Washington, were under threat of attack from General Robert E. Lee?s Confederate Army of Northern Virginia which had crossed the Potomac River and marched into Pennsylvania.
nation of mechanics…You are bound to fail.” Union officer William Tecumseh Sherman to a Southern friend.
From July 1st to July 3rd, 1863, the most famous and most important Civil War Battle took place in the small town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. The Confederates under Robert E. Lee advanced on the Union in hopes of taking the major city of Philadelphia, Baltimore, or even Washington D.C. Union commander General George Meade was sent to make sure none of this would happen. General Robert E. Lee was determined to invade the North and win a victory important for southern morale, leads his army toward Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, where he hopes to destroy railroad bridges linking east with west. He is unaware that a large union force headed by General Meade is headed in the same direction.
After the Confederate victory at Chancellorsville in May of 1863, General Robert E. Lee and his Army of Northern Virginia embarked on their 2nd invasion of the north. General Lee’s first campaign into the north resulted in the Confederate defeat at Antietam. The failure of Lee’s first northern campaign raises the question of his motives. The Confederate Army was...