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Impact of fossil fuels on the environment
Impact of fossil fuels on the environment
Fossil fuel and climate change
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The clean air act was established in 1963 by the federal government. Clean air act objectives are to standardize regulations for air pollution stemming from automobiles and industrial plants. Congress has allowed states such as California that have severe air pollution problems to implement their own standards for the emissions of pollutants coming from motor vehicles. Under the Environmental Policy and Conservation Act (EPCA), a designated federal agency sets fuel economy standards for new cars. The plaintiffs argued, among other things, that the EPCA, which explicitly prohibits states from adopting separate fuel economy standards, preempts states from adopting their own emission standards. Is the plaintiffs’ argument valid? Discuss. “State implementation plans contain emission limits and compliance schedules for stationary pollution sources, such as power plants and factories. Depending on the pollutant, plans may also include state measures to reduce emissions from existing vehicles, such as state emissions inspection and maintenance programs that require care with excessive emissions to be tuned-up or repaired.” (The Clean Air Act in a Nutshell) EPA established health-based national air quality standards for common pollutants, in order to protect people. Therefore, plaintiffs’ argument is not valid as stated in the EPA.GOV, “States are responsible for developing enforceable state implementation plans to meet the standards.” (The Clean Air Act in a Nutshell) Nonetheless, EPA offers guidance on state preparation and issues, national emissions standards to shadow, then review states plan to ensure that they are in compliance with the regulations. In order for states to control the quality of air they use computerized air quali... ... middle of paper ... ... confusing tone, there needs to be a standardized uniformity put into action. The plaintiffs also argued that they would go bankrupt if they were forced to adhere to a different GHG standard for each state. Should they be granted relief on this basis? Does history support their claim? Discuss. Numerous regulations have been put in service and have changed over time in order to control new pollutants released into the air. Nonetheless, automobile industry has always been able to evolve and adapt their manufacturing to meet the EPA guidelines. If the automobile production is feeling pressure from EPA, State and Federal governments then it’s time for them to focus on creating innovative environmental friendly cars. Despite the automobile industry needing to conform to new eco-friendly policies, they will not go bankrupt from progressing their automotive engineering.
Exxon/Mobil, one of the nation’s leading oil producers, has its main refinery located in Beaumont, Texas. Each year, the residents of Beaumont/Port Arthur have to contend with the 39,000 pounds of pollution spewed each year by the Exxon refinery. Exxon’s emissions are 385% above the state refinery average. In 1999, the Texas Natural Resources Conservation Committee (TNRCC) allowed the plant to increase their emissions, without allowing the public to have a say in the matter. Interestingly, 95% of the people living near the plant are of African American descent and are in the poverty range. Some believe that this, along with the lack of education in the area, allows Exxon to get away with such high emissions. Residents in nearby neighborhoods have been complaining of headaches, nausea, eye, and throat irritation for years. Since 1997, Mobil has repeatedly violated health standards in its emissions of two key air pollutants: sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, These “rotten egg” smells are so strong, one can smell it through a car driving past the refinery. After numerous complaints and one record of a refinery worker becoming unconscious because of the fumes, the EPA awarded Exxon with a $100,000 environmental justice grant in October of 1998. Hopefully, Exxon has put the money to good use and cleaned up their emissions.
Increasing environmental awareness, coupled with a responsible American government and improved technology, have all contributed to the comeback of low-and zero-emissions vehicles in the US. It remains to be seen whether the automakers and oil companies will once again work to halt this progress, or embrace it as the technology of a more responsible future.
The Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA is the result of a 1970 executive order by President Richard Nixon for the purpose of protecting the environment of the United States through regulation on business and citizens. Public opinion on the Environmental Protection Agency has been divided fairly evenly across the population of the United States as of recently, as compared to the widespread public concern of the 50’s and 60’s that led to the agency’s creation. Recently the agency has come under scrutiny for its contributions of millions of dollars in grants to researchers in order to hide the potential trade off of its actions in order to further the agency’s agenda. The EPA’s ever-expanding regulation could end up harming more than it actually
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates air pollution through various policies passed through the Supreme Court. The scope of this paper is to investigate the Clean Air Act of 1970, and to analyze the impact it has on businesses and society. It provides a rationale for the policy, and contains a brief overview of governmental involvement in regulating air pollution. Further investigation identifies key stakeholders in business, government, and society, and assesses the pros and cons of regulating air pollution. Finally, the paper concludes with limitations of this analysis and recommendations for future action.
The Clean Air Act (CAA) of 1970, which established nationwide standards for air quality, is one such “unfounded mandate.” Although it is a federal law, states must pay the cost of implementation and enforcement.
The quality of air we intake on a daily basis is essential to our health, therefore, the EPA’s Clean Air Act provides the groundwork to support the quality of the air which we breathe. One of the goals of the Act was to set and achieve NAAQS in every state by 1975 to address the public health and welfare risks posed by certain air pollutants. The setting of these pollutant standards was coupled with directing the states to develop state implementation plans (SIPs), applicable to appropriate industrial sources in the stat...
In L.A. alone there were 2,700,00 automobiles that were burning 5 ½ million gallons of gasoline and a combine 8,000 tons of contaminants. The automobile companies may not have thought their cars were causing all this damage not only to the city of L.A and to the whole entire country but the APCD (Air Pollution Control District)
Congress enacted legislation now known as the Clean Water Act. During the Truman era, originally called the Federal Water Pollution Control Act. The bill Congress passed in 1972 was an overhaul of the original act. The Clean Water Act set limits on the amount of pollutants industries and cities could discharge and gave the Environmental Protection Agency the power to sue and penalize polluters that exceeded those limits. Congress banned DDT, reduced emissions and sued major cities.
The Clean Air Act began with the Air Pollution Control Act, which was created in 1955, after many state and local governments were disgruntled with dealing about air pollution. Therefore, the federal government decided to pass legislation to manage the problem on a national scale. The Act was intended to provide research and technical assistance relating to air pollution. In 1963 Congress yet again passed another Act, which we know of today as the Clean Air Act to “improve, strengthen, and accelerate programs for the prevention and abatement of air pollution” (American Meteorological Society).
One advantage of a national policy is the “Clean Air Act” it is a policy that protects, maintains and save our environmental air quality. Air pollution in the United States in the 1960’s was very poor and one of the main contributors were the petroleum refineries. Air pollution is collectively responsible for more than 70,000 deaths each year in the United States (Ozymy, Jarrett, 2011). Communities living in close proximity to petroleum refineries are especially vulnerable to pollution-related health problems, as they are routinely subjected to harmful air emissions. This policy’s advantages are making and keeping our air as clean as possible by regulating routine emissions.
One of the most dangerous environment issues Southern California is facing today is air pollution. This includes the burning of fossil fuels and natural disasters. Los Angeles is one of the most polluted cities in the world, and the most polluted city in the United States. I will research information about the causes, the effects, and the history of air pollution in the Los Angeles. For my research, I have relied mostly on, the school’s database and library, as well as current events.
Our government spent many years working on environmental issues to help keep our country a better, cleaner place. It wasn't until December 2, 1970 that Richard Nixon officially created the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) set under the executive branch. It's duties were to establish and enforce environmental protection standards consistent with national environmental goals.
Our Congress created the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) in 1969 in order to establish an environmental foundation for mankind. This policy endorses harmony between humans and the vast ecosystems surrounding them. To obtain this goal and provide our future with resources as well, NEPA is separated into two titles. The first title declares the policy in detail while the second title focuses on the Council on Environmental Quality. The CEQ oversees the effectiveness of current methods, the reactions of the environment to those methods, and implements revisions as necessary.
Baker, O. “Car-emission standards improve rural air.” Science News. 25 Sept. 1999. FindArticles.com. Online. Internet. 24 May 2001.
This Clean Air Act was passed to help protect the well being of the environment and the citizens. The Clean Air Act protects public health and public welfare and it helps to regulate emissions of hazardous air pollutants. Its main goal is to reduce the amount of emission produced by hazardous air pollutants. If congress had not passed this act there would be lots of pollutants in our air, which would be devastating to our health. In fact this type