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Recommended: Medieval period
In the excerpt from “The City in History”, the benefits and disadvantages of Middle Ages living are expressed. In early European cities, people would not dispose of their waste in a sanitary way. This caused many diseases and awful odors. One technique early Europeans used to get rid of germs was by using fire as a means of germicide. Public bathhouses became a large part of European life around the fifteenth century. These baths were a large part of everyday life and they became very social areas for people to “mix and mingle”. Drinking water was gathered from wells that had to be guarded and kept clean. Fountains were built in the middle of towns to attract people’s eyes and to provide water. The authors make an argument that the sounds and
It is not simple to maintain an imaginative, colourful society. As stated in the story, society is often an uncommunicative wasteland. The adult world has little to offer its children. The story “The Fall of a City” by Alden Nowlan, is about a young little boy known as Teddy, being parented by two drab, unimaginative adults who corrupt his mind and lead him to destroy his ambition for the future. Without good role models for the children on earth, this world will have no future.
The book, The Ghost Map, tells the story of the cholera outbreak that took place in England during the medieval era. During this time, London became popular, causing it to become one of the most populous urban cities in England. However, it suffered from overcrowding, a large lower class, and little health regulations. As a result, living conditions and water supply were not the cleanest, and many died from the disease cholera. Though this epidemic led to many deaths/illnesses during it’s time, it has proven to be helpful and important to public health today. Some public health advancements that have occurred as a result include healthier, cleaner, and longer lives lived.
This book follows an esteemed doctor and a local clergyman who, together, are the heart of an investigation to solve the mystery of the cholera epidemic. In 1854 London was ravaged by a terrible outbreak of cholera, where within the span of mere weeks over five hundred people in the Soho district died. London, at the time, was a city of around two and a half million people, all crammed into a small area with no system for sewage removal. With overflowing cesspools, improper drainage of all the human and animal waste, and no system for guaranteed clean water, the people of London were in a bad state. They were essentially dumping all of their feces into their drinking water supply, a perfect environment for cholera to thrive.
Within society, there are certain standards of behavior and expectations that one must be expected to comply by, and failure to do so can result in critical and discouraging prejudice. This unrelenting and derogatory hatred can often cause dire reactions, such as a loss of morale and self-confidence, demonstrated significantly in The Fall of a City, by Alden Nowlan. In the story, Teddy, an eleven year old boy, is mocked at by his uncle for occupying himself with paper dolls, failing to meet society’s standards of maturity that a boy of his age is expected to abide by. As a result of his uncle’s mockery, Teddy’s passion and fondness of his imaginary world disappears, and in a fit of rage and anger, he demolishes his paper world. Teddy’s destruction
Many people today don’t stop to think about some of the basic city infrastructure we have in place today and where it originated. In more developed regions of the world, people are accustomed to running water, sewage systems, trash sites and other basic necessities required for comfortable, disease free living. In the late fourteenth century Milan was ravaged by the plague and almost one third of the city’s population was killed. During this time most of what’s considered a basic necessity for a well-built, disease free city was unheard of. Leonardo believed that the spread of the plague was due to the cramped design of the city. He began to design a city to prevent the future spread of such diseases.
City life changed in many ways in the 1800s. One thing that happened was the increase in quality of life and medicine. "The rapid growth was not due to larger families"; it was "because the death rate fell." (249). Because the germ theory was finally recognized as legitimate, better hygiene was pushed in all places. Not only was there better hygiene in the home where people bathed and changed more often, but in the hospital as well, where finding clean tools would be a rare sight. Another effect of the germ theory being accepted was that scientists were then able to find cures for common diseases with the missing link between actions and diseases found. Another thing that changed in the 1800s was landscape of the cities themselves. Reportedly,
The Book of Common Prayer offers an intercession for “our families, friends and neighbors, and for those who are alone.” We tend to put the alone in this separate category, but for Olivia Laing, “the essential unknowability of others” means that to be human is to be lonesome, at least sometimes. So why don’t we talk about it more openly? “What’s so shameful,” she asks, about “having failed to achieve satisfaction, about experiencing unhappiness?” This daring and seductive book — ostensibly about four artists, but actually about the universal struggle to be known — raises sophisticated questions about the experience of loneliness, a state that in a crowded city provides an “uneasy combination of separation and exposure.”
Sanitary conditions in the West were practically non-existent. In the cities, horse manure covered the streets. Housewives emptied garbage, dishwater, and chamber pots into the middle of the city streets where free-roaming pigs devoured the waste. The pigs left their urine and feces on the streets. It was not easy to wash clothes. Many people had clothes splattered with manure, mud, sweat, and tobacco juice. Privies, or necessary houses were often to close to the homes with a very noticeable odor on hot and/or windy days. If a family had a kitchen, all the members washed at the sink each day, without soap, rubbing the dirt off with a coarse towel. Eventually, many cold bedrooms had a basin, ewer (pitcher), cup, and cupboard chamber pot. Bed bugs and fleas covered many of the travelers’ beds. “Isaac Weld saw filthy beds swarming with bugs.” These insects followed the travelers, crawling on their clothes and skin.
he City of God film accurately depicts the brutality and desperation of life in the Favelas in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil during the 60’s, 70’s, and 80’s. The City of God favela is one that began as a living community for poorer people in the early 1960’s and within 10 years decayed into a violent, filthy neighborhood controlled by drug lords. (Arias and Rodrigues, 2006) A favela is another name for a shanty town found in urban areas in Brazil. The favelas in Brazil are crowded and violent; in the film you really see how the people in these neighborhoods live. The clothes that people wear are ragged and old; some kids are seen running around without shoes on through the streets, pushing aside people and animals. The houses seem to have layers of dirt on them and dust from the constant commotion pervades the air. The film authentically portrays the squalor people actually live in. In one scene you see
Due to the lack of running, waste could not get easily destroyed. A solution for this problem was cess pools. The cess pools that civilians used would sometimes sit for more than two years. The longer the cess pools were used and not cleaned, the more disease spreading bacteria would collect in them. When there were no cess pools available, people had to do it on the streets or sometimes do it in buckets and dump it out on the streets. Also, there were no laws or organized trash system to prevent sanitation, so the city life eventually became the filthy life. In conclusion, the industrial revolution affected Great Britain beneficially and negatively.
Though they were not wanted, “Fires were not uncommon in seventeenth-century London” (Cowie, 59). Fires weren’t the only things that London residents worried about though. In 1665 a tragedy known as the Black Plague had occurred and killed many people in the city and though the plague was gone “People continued to fear another outbreak of plague for the rest of the seventeenth century” (Cowie, 56-57). The Great Fire of London was a tragedy that destroyed a whole city and scared all the people who inhabited it. Just as the city was recovering from the Great Plague, the inhabitants had to flee the city once again- this time not as a result of a disease, but the result of a human accident (“The Great Fire of London of 1666”, 1).
- "Decaying, dingy cities where underfed people shuffled to and fro in leaky shoes, in patched-up nineteenth-century houses that smelt always of cabbage and bad lavatories." (p77)
A Tale of Two Cities, by Charles Dickens, is a story set in the year 1775 and through the turbulent time of the French Revolution. It is of people living in love and betrayal, murder and joy, peril and safety, hate and fondness, misery and happiness, gentle actions and ferocious crowds. The novel surrounds a drunken man, Sydney Carton, who performs a heroic deed for his beloved, Lucie Manette, while Monsieur and Madame Defarge, ruthless revolutionaries, seek revenge against the nobles of France. Research suggests that through Dickens’ portrayal of the revolutionaries and nobles of the war, he gives accurate insight to the era of the Revolution.
There have been many significant movements throughout urban planning history which have influenced the way that planning theory is shaped and thought. Combined Modernist and Neoliberal planning theories have influenced the erection of a vast amount of planning project that have left an imprint on the way that urban planning is practiced today. In this paper, I will begin by describing the components of modernist and neoliberal planning practices. Then, I will outline a brief history of the project and explain how the Los Angeles South Central Farm was influenced by both modernist and neoliberal planning theories. Lastly, I will analyze this project through two different critical perspectives, neo-Marxism and critical race planning. These critical perspectives will enable us to understand the planning practices that were implemented in this project and will helps us explain the planning theories achievements and failures in this case study.
'A Tale of Two Cities ' was first published in 1859. It is estimated to have sold around 200 million though there is no exact figure. Dickens examined the struggles that lead to the revolution and goes into Paris during the revolution. He goes into a lot of depth for the reign of terror and is very critical of how the revolutionaries treat people but it is sympathetic to the overthrow of the aristocrats. This is an exceptional novel and ending realism in the form of literature would be a waste when novels like this were written. Of course so many have already been written and knowing that there will always be overlaps between different storylines and such will be a bit of a put off to writers in general they should write what they want, not what will sell more copies. 'A Tale of Two Cities ' is in the same list as another best seller of all times Tolkien 's 'Lord of the Rings ' one of the biggest fantasy novel of all times selling around 150 million copies. This novel is a complete opposite to the realism in 'A Tale of Two Cities ' it contains mythical creatures and a quest