Abstract
Christian’s hold three distinct perspectives on capital punishment, namely Rehabilitationism, Reconstructionism and Retributionism. Rehabilitationism is the view that death sentence should not be allowed for any crime; Reconstructionism holds that death penalty should be allowed for any serious crime; Retributionism recommends death sentence for some capital crimes. The last two positions share a somewhat similar view. This paper focuses on rehabilitationism. Proponents of this view comprise those who appeal to the Bible for justification and those who do not. The paper presents the arguments of those in the former group. Contrary to the view of the rehabilitationalists that the aim of punishment is reformatory or remedial, the paper argues that the aim of capital punishment is justice and a good society.
Conceptualization of Capital Punishment and Rehabilitationism
Capital punishment is the taking of an offender’s life for a crime which he has committed and found guilty of by a court or tribunal under law. For Etuk, capital punishment is the death penalty when it is executed after a due process of law carried out by a society’s duly constituted apparatus (2000, 6). It is distinguished from other forms of extra-legal killings such as shooting on sight of suspected criminals, assassinations, disappearance of persons carried out by state agents, among others.
Capital punishment thus defined has existed in almost all civilizations and the modes of its execution have varied from country to country. Amnesty International in 1989 listed out the following modes of execution in current use: hanging, shooting, electrocution, lethal injection, gassing, beheading and stoning (Etuk, 6). In Nigeria, the most prominent me...
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Douglass was born a slave in 1817, in Maryland. He educated himself and became determined to escape the horror of slavery. He attempted to escape slavery once, but failed. He later made a successful escape in 1838.
All in all, Frederick Douglass’s book, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, was a story of slavery and freedom. He was fortunate that he was able to experience a better slave life than others. He was able to obtain knowledge about reading that he was not obtaining to be a slave for all his life. He, unlike other slaves, knew he was not supposed to be a slave for the rest of his life. He described the ways by which slaveholders justify themselves for their actions. He was one of the rare ones who did not lose their way to freedom; he discussed the many ways that slaves were kept from thinking about escaping and freedom. Once he was free, he wrote this Narrative and refutes many myths that many have said about slaves and slaveholders.
Mr. Frederick Douglass was born somewhere between 1817 and 1818, and right away became a slave. Him and his mother, Harriet Bailey, were separated right after his birth. Although he has not met his father, Frederick Douglass thinks that his father is Captain Anthony, a worker for Colonel Lloyd, the owner of hundreds of slaves. Working in plantation, or the Great House Farm as it was called, wasn’t as hard for Frederick. Due to his young age he works inside the household, instead of working in the fields like the rest of the slaves did. Somewhere around age of seven, he was given away to Captain Anthony’s relatives who live in Baltimore. There he starts to begin learning how to read and write with the help of Sophia Auld and local boys. While learning how to read and write, he starts noticing that slavery is bad and that in the North the slaves are free. After a couple years with Captain’s Anthony’s relatives, Frederick Douglass is given to Edward Convey, who is a very harsh man and the two of them even get into a fight. While being at Convey’s plantation Frederick Douglass learns the everyday life of a slave, which causes him to lose the interest of breaking out and becoming free, educated man. After a year in Convey’s, Frederick Douglass was moved to William Freeland’s plantation, where he ren...
Capital punishment is a type of punishment that involves execution or death. It is sentenced to anyone who commits capital offences or capital crimes such as rape, murder, corruption and human trafficking. Until today, 36 out of 195 countries worldwide still actively practice capital punishment. Some of the examples are Saudi Arabia, Yemen, North Korea, Iran and Somalia. Public executions have known to be carried out in these countries.
A Harvard graduate, Howard Gardner is a Psychologist who came up with the multiple intelligence. Regarding arts and education, Gardner recounted the curious dearth of literature that obtained at the time
Harris, Stephen. Understanding The Bible. 6 ed. New York City: McGraw-Hill Humanities/Social Sciences/Languages, 2002. Print.
There are two sources from which we draw information regarding the practice of capital punishment: (1) sacred scripture and (2) the teaching of churches and synagogues through the ages. With them as a basis, we can make a theological analysis of our present day circumstances and draw what we believe to be sound conclusions.
Carson, D, & Moo, D. (2005) An introduction to the New Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan.
In spite of Gail Wynand’s individualism and creative spirit in The Fountainhead, he compromises these values in his work and succumbs to the power of the people, believing this double identity to be his only option in achieving the power he seeks. A simple credo governs Gail Wynand’s life: I Do run things around here. Originally a statement affirming his drive to rise above, this assertion quickly becomes a measure of Wynand’s self-worth—a self-worth based entirely upon his power over others. His deep respect for the greatness of mankind and the integral dignity of the independent man is made irrelevant in his life by a single, core fallacy: the futility and inevitable demise of integrity.
There are eight basic different intelligences: musical, body-kinesthetic, logical-mathematical, linguistic, spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalist. According to Gardner’s theory of Multiple Intelligences, people have many different ways of learning. Unlike traditional theories of intelligence that focus on one, single general intelligence, Gardner believed that people have multiple ways of thinking
Capital punishment, or otherwise known as the death penalty, is death sentenced upon a person by the state as a punishment for a crime. These crimes are known as capital crimes or capital offenses. Capital punishment has been practiced in many societies; now 58 nations practice the death penalty, while 97 nations have abolished it. In the past, it was common for the ruling party to make the offender known throughout the community for his or her criminal act. Thus, if the community were made aware of the consequences for breaking the laws, the crime rate would reduce. Such criminal penalties included: boiling to death, disembowelment, crucifixion and many more. As time went on the movement towards more humane treatments took hold. In the US, the electric chair and gas chambers were introduced but have been almost entirely superseded by lethal injection. Nevertheless, capital punishment has been a part of human history and will always continue to be a controversy and a debate. (Bedau)
Howard Gardner is a man who created a theory to help break down the human minds ability to learn. He has become a very successful American developmental psychologist. After graduating in social relations with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1965, he received a PHD in social and developmental psychology from Harvard University. In 1983 Howard Gardner authored a book called "Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. Howard is currently a professor at the Harvard University.
Capital punishment or the death penalty is the punishment of execution by death. Ones who are given this punishment is refer to a death sentence, which is administered to someone who legally convicted a capital crime. This type of punishment has been practiced by many societies, as a punishment for criminals, and political or religious dissidents. Capital punishment is very controversial in various countries and states, and positions can vary within a single political ideology or cultural region. Historically, the carrying out of the death sentence was often accompanied by torture, and executions were most often public. In today’s world, death sentence is usually painless and is given privately. Although many nations have abolished capital punishment, over 60% of the world 's population live in countries where executions take place, such as China, India, the United States and Indonesia.
From this research Gardner’s multiple intelligence therapy was created. The multiple intelligence theory is based on the belief that everyone succeeds in at least one of the eight types intelligence, linguistic, mathematical, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal and naturalist. Each intelligence different from the other, however one person can strive at multiple intelligences or simply strive at one intelligence. Once Gardner released his book “frame of minds” in 1983 (Gardner’s multiple intelligence) the educational outlook on student’s success started to transform. With a new understanding that each student is different educationally then it became clear that students obtain education differently as well, the modern day class room transformed to fit each