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Global warming by human causes
Climate change effects from greenhouse gas emissions
Global warming by human causes
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MIAMI BEACH, Fla. " On a recent afternoon, Scott McKenzie watched torrential rains and a murky tide swallow the street outside his dog-grooming salon. Within minutes, much of this stretch of chic South Beach was flooded ankle-deep in a fetid mix of rain and sea."
"Welcome to the new Venice," McKenzie joked as salt water surged from the sewers. ---- Michael J. Mishak, Associated Press June 7, 2014 Over the years, Earth has been through numerous catastrophic events; such as, the KT dinosaur extinction, but none of these events are comparable to the +7.1 billion metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions that are being produced in the United States of America yearly.(Tonto.eia.doe) As Al Gore once stated in his book, Earth in the Balance, “the process filling the atmosphere with carbon dioxide and other pollutants – is a willful expansion of our dysfunctional civilization into vulnerable parts of the natural world” (234). These greenhouse gas emissions will pollute our atmosphere causing catastrophic events, therefore we our obligated to help reduce and maintain greenhouse gas emissions before they cause these destructive effects on Earth. In order to discuss theses catastrophic events, it would be more efficient to discuss the greenhouse gas emissions and greenhouse effect individually.
The Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Previous years, I thought Greenhouse gases were positive gases due to the name Green; which can symbolize as hope, balance and well-being (http://www.crystal-cure.com/green.html), and House; which can symbolize as shelter and protection (http://ardictionary.com/House/4768); but, it...
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...re absorbed by atmosphere. The remaining 40 % passes through the layers of the atmosphere and reaches the Earth’s surface. Fifteen percent of the rays are reflected by the Earth’s surface and the rest heat up the land and oceans. The Earth’s surface gives off heat radiation, where it is picked up and held by the greenhouse gases; such as, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and fluorinated gases (Andrian09’s Blog). These “greenhouse gases make up only about 1 % of the Earth’s atmosphere; they regulate our climate by trapping heat and holding it in a kind of warm-air blanket that surrounds the planet” (West). Without an atmosphere, the Earth’s surface would be colder at night and become hotter during the day. The atmosphere’s main job is to regulate the temperature and secure the heat in Earth; so that the heat does not escape leaving the planet cold (King, 2008).
The use of fossil fuels has greatly increased the amount of atmospheric and oceanic CO2 to a point where it’s ruining the natural flow of the world; the earth’s temperature is rising. As a result, the polar ice caps are melting causing the seas to rise. With only a 1 meter increase in sea level the United States alone could lose over 10,000 square miles of land, and thousands of houses will be destroyed. The effects will be just as prominent around the world: many islands will become submerged, 17% of Bangladesh will be underwater, and tens of thousands of people will be displaced (“Global Warming” 3).
One of the most compelling and difficult environmental problems society faces today is climate change. People do not realize how much the environment has changed for the worse in the last ten years, until they are told that the last two decades of the 20th century have been the hottest in the last 400 years, according to climate studies (Conserve Energy Future). Today, the carbon dioxide levels have reached 396.81 parts per million (ppm). “Carbon dioxide (CO2) has also increased over the last 100 years-- from about 300 ppm to 370 ppm. Interestingly, the majority of these additions have occurred in the last 50 years, when temperature increases have been the slowest” (geocraft).
First is a description of the greenhouse effect. The earth’s atmosphere has four layers, or zones, with each having distinct differences in temperature. The troposphere is the first layer surrounding the earth. Within this layer air is continually circulating and moving heat and moisture around the earth. The troposphere is denser than the other layers due to the fact that gravity keeps the majority of air molecules near the earth. This is about 75 percent of all the atmospheric mass. It is also the warmest layer (Cunningham & Cunningham, ...
As solar energy enters through the atmosphere in shortwave radiation, some of the radiation is reflected back into space or is absorbed by the earth’s surface. This energy is then released by the earth’s surface in long wave radiation. These gases affect the amount of solar energy that can reach the earth’s surface as well as keep in the amount of long wave radiation that the earth’s surface is trying to emit back into space. Water vapor as well as carbon dioxide absorbs this long-wave radiation keeping the energy in the atmosphere. This is leading to an increase in temperatures around the world as more carbon dioxide is emitted into the atmosphere by combustion of carbon in coal and petroleum (Hess & McKnight, 57-58).
"On a recent afternoon, Scott McKenzie watched torrential rains and a murky tide swallow the street outside his dog-grooming salon. Within minutes, much of this stretch of chic South Beach was flooded ankle-deep in a fetid mix of rain and sea.
Atmospheric scientists first used the term “Greenhouse-Effect” in the early 1800’s. It was used to describe the naturally occurring functions of trace gases in the atmosphere and did not have any negative connotations. In the recent decades, we often hear about the term greenhouse effect in somewhat negative terms. It is important to know that without the greenhouse effect life on earth as we know it would be impossible. In the atmospheric greenhouse effect, the type of surface that sunlight first encounters is the most important factor. Forests, grasslands, oceans’ surface, ice caps, deserts, and cities all absorb, reflect, and radiate radiation differently. Sunlight falling on a white glacier surface strongly reflects back into space, resulting in minimal heating of the surface. Sunlight falling on a dark desert soil is strongly absorbed and contributes to significant heating of the surface and lower atmosphere. Cloud covers also affect greenhouse warming by both reducing the amount of solar radiation reaching the earth’s surface and reducing the amount of radiation energy emitted into space. Although the greenhouse effect is a naturally- occurring process, humans have recently ampl...
"On a recent afternoon, Scott McKenzie watched torrential rains and a murky tide swallow the street outside his dog-grooming salon. Within minutes, much of this stretch of chic South Beach was flooded ankle-deep in a fetid mix of rain and sea.
The most destructive human contribution to climate change is fossil fuels combustion, which results in the release of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Increased carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and halocarbons levels in the atmosphere cause an imbalance in the earth’s energy. This is because the gases alter solar radiation and thermal radiation which regulate the earth’s energy. Research indicates that anthropogenic climate change is the cause of the increased global warming over the last fifty years. 57 % of the carbon dioxide emitted is absorbed into the atmosphere while the rest is absorbed into the oceans. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is the most central greenhouse gas that is associated with global warming (Eby, Zickfield, Montenegro, Archer, Meissner, & Weaver,
The atmosphere is an open system that consists of a gaseous mixture enveloping a planet (Answers.com). These gasses, known as air, include O2, N2 and H2O. The atmosphere is also composed of water, ice and dust particles. Atmosphere functions like a blanket, keeping Earth's heat from escaping into space (Lenkeit). It has also been compared to a greenhouse: like glass it lets short wave insulation inside, but keeps most of long wave ground radiation from going out (Lenkeit).
Global heating and cooling has occurred on a cycle for millennia, however in the past thirty years the increased use of energy and fuels by humans has drastically changed this natural occurrence (Juerg, 2007). The largest cause of this warming is the release of carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels. Carbon dioxide levels are twenty-five percent higher than they were in 1957 (UCS, 2013). This seemingly insignificant change has caused a myriad of negative effects. The endangerment of species, rising sea levels, and increased natural disasters are just a few examples of change brought about by global warming (Juerg, 2007).
...e sun, this is of a longer wavelength and is absorbed by the atmosphere. The Earths atmosphere, thus acts like the glass of a green house, hence the 'greenhouse effect'.
Glaciers are melting, sea levels are rising, cloud forests are drying, and wildlife is scrambling to keep pace (Geographic). In other words, Mother Nature is becoming a victim of global warming and it’s clear that humans have caused most of the past century's warming by releasing heat-trapping gases as we power our modern lives. According to research, scientists have high confidence that global temperatures will continue to rise for decades to come, largely due to greenhouse gasses produced by human activities (Jenkins).Greenhouse gases are higher now than in the last 650,000 years and is causing more intense heat waves than usual. As a result from this changes plants and trees are flowering sooner, glaciers are shrinking, and ice on rivers and lakes is breaking up earlier than expected. All this ice melting is rapidly rising the sea levels and eventually all that water is going to take over cities like New York and Florida because they are surrounded by ocean waters. Oceans are not the only thi...
The amount of water that is on earth at any one time remains fairly constant because the water is moving form one reservoir into another such as river to ocean or ocean to atmosphere. This cycle involves the exchange of energy causes a change in temperature. This is why when evaporation occurs, it takes energy from its surroundings and cools the environment. While condensation occurs energy is released and the surrounding environment becomes warmer. The atmosphere is a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, and other gasses that surround the earth. The atmosphere is made up of five layers known as the troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere, the thermosphere, and the exosphere. The troposphere is the lowest layer of the earth’s atmosphere; it is also where all weather on earth takes place. The stratosphere is the second layer of the atmosphere, right above the troposphere. Above the stratosphere is the mesosphere and above that is the troposphere. The uppermost region of earth’s atmosphere is the exosphere. The air in the exosphere is extremely thin and almost the same as space. One of the many reasons the earths atmosphere is important is because it blocks
Normally, the solar radiation will pass through the atmosphere. Some of the solar radiation will absorb by the earth surface and the rest will reflect by the atmosphere. However, the greenhouse gas in the atmosphere will trap some solar radiation. As a result, the average temperature in the earth surface will be increase. Therefore, the greenhouse gas will cause the climate change.
Global warming is an increase in the earth's temperature due to fossil fuels, industry, and agricultural processes caused by human, natural, and other gas emissions. This results in an increased evacuation of greenhouse gases. “Short-wave solar radiation sinks into the Earth's atmosphere and warms its surface while long-wave infrared radiation emitted by earth's surface is absorbed, and then re-emitted by trace gases.” (2)