The Black Legend and White Legend: Relationship Between the Spanish and Indians in the New World
The Spanish-Indian relationship can be defined in many
ways. One definition used is through the Black Legend and the
White Legend. The interpretation of the Black Legend can
depend on whom you are talking to. The Black Legend speaks of
the Spaniards abusing the Indians and being guilty of much
more misconduct than history has ever recorded. The White
Legend speaks of how the Spaniards benefitted the Indian
society by building communities, hospitals and spreading the
Word of God. There are two reasons why the Spaniards were so
intent on spreading the Gospel. The first is because Spain
wanted to ensure political and military means of safety and
independence of their own religious community and even more so
their predominance over others. The second was a deeper
desire to convert, which included appealing to the minds and
hearts of individual unbelievers by preaching, reasoning and
if needed by force (Plumb 152).
The conquest of the new world began with a small band of
Spanish soldiers. The soldiers proceeded to march against and
subdue the huge population of the mainland (Black 24). The
Black Legend speaks of all that the Spanish had done to the
Indians and the horrible things done to them and the land.
This Black Legend exists only in areas where the people are
"anti-Hispanic" especially where English is spoken, and in
modern Spanish America (24).
The White Legend is true only in reverse. The people who
claim to believe in this Legend hold to the belief that the
Spanish were a credit to society and help the Indians in their
everyday lives by providing livestock and new medici...
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... they had never intended to live. They were forced
to lose their families in the name of the Spanish crown and
the Spanish crown had only a vague knowledge of what was
really happening in the new world. Which one, whether Black
or White Legend, a person believes will have to depend on
their own personal view of the truth.
Bibliography
Gibson, Charles. The Black Legend: Anti-Spanish Attitudes
in the Old World and the new. New York: Knopf 1971.
--------- Spain in America. New York: Harper 1966.
--------- Spanish Tradition in America. Ny: Harper 1968.
Haring, C.H. The Spanish Empire in America. New York: Oxford
1947.
Ludenfeld, Marvin. 1492 Discovery Invasion Encounter. Massachussets: 1991.
Plumb, J.H. The Spanish Seaborne Empire. New York: Knopf 1966.
Sale, Kirkpatrick. The Conquest of Paradise. New York: Plume
1990.
Chapter eight form the book From Indians To Chicanos by Diego Vigil, talks about the intact and stable social order. There are three subtopics in this chapter the first one is the industrialism and urbanization in classes. The second one is assimilation vs acculturation and the third one is the color of the intergroup that has to do with racism. All these subtopics are important because it was what made the social classes get united or separated.
9. Palmer, Colin A. Slaves of the White God: Blacks in Mexico, 1570-1650. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1976.
In Thomas King’s novel, The Inconvenient Indian, the story of North America’s history is discussed from his original viewpoint and perspective. In his first chapter, “Forgetting Columbus,” he voices his opinion about how he feel towards the way white people have told America’s history and portraying it as an adventurous tale of triumph, strength and freedom. King hunts down the evidence needed to reveal more facts on the controversial relationship between the whites and natives and how it has affected the culture of Americans. Mainly untangling the confusion between the idea of Native Americans being savages and whites constantly reigning in glory. He exposes the truth about how Native Americans were treated and how their actual stories were
Keen, Benjamin. 1969. The Black Legend Revisited: Assumptions and realities. The Hispanic American Historical Review. volume 49. no. 4
The Spanish and English cultures were scarcely similar and notably different because of the interaction with indigenous people and the timing in which the interactions occurred. The Spanish and English were very different in how they interacted with the indigenous people. The Spanish main reason for coming to North America was to spread Catholicism. In the Catholic church if two people were both Catholic then the two people would receive the sacrament of marriage. After marriage the two would create a Catholic of their own. This had created 5 new races of people. The races of humanity was then looked at as social classes. The highest social class was a full white European, then a mestizos, which was a someone who was European and an Indian, followed by Indians, African slaves, and lastly a Zambos,
Hino, R. (2013, September 25). Hospital Strategic Plans Must Go Beyond the Status Quo. Retrieved from http://www.hospitalimpact.org/index.php/2013/09/25/p4358
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Nuclear Energy has many proponents and much opposition. Many of the groups that oppose nuclear power have legitimate concerns, mainly with the dangers of nuclear material in relation with human health concerns and environmental troubles that are risked by allowing nuclear power plants to increase in number. Yet, many of these opposition groups have made outspoken and radical claims about the “hidden” motives of why nuclear power is promoted and subsidized by our federal government. For example, The Nuclear Information and Resource Service claim that the federal government has the intention of committing genocide against Native Americans because uranium mining is predominantly done on reservations. Another cry out by nuclear power opponents is the constant reliving of the few nuclear mishaps that occurred decades ago, at Chernobyl or Three Mile Island. No doubt, past accidents have happened worldwide and are important reminders to not play around with nuclear material, but technology has improved as well, a fact opponents fail to consider. Many of these organizations feel that other sources should be used to supply America’s energy needs. These types of statements tag many opponents to nuclear energy as misinformed, out of touch with scientific facts, or just closed minded to the whole concept of nuclear power. On the other hand, the proponents of nuclear energy like President Bush see it as cheap, and environmentally friendly. As a result, President Bush passed the Comprehensive Energy Bill in 2005 that would increase production of all types of energy, including nuclear, by giving subsidies and tax breaks to nuclear power producers. Keeping safe America’s capabilities for generating electric power by way of nuclear e...
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