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Universal Design for Learning and Approaches Reflection paper
Research on diversity in education
Research on diversity in education
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How would you feel if you were placed inside a school that did not meet your educational or personal needs? What would you do if you felt that there were no equal opportunities for you to learn? All learners are unique and require different needs and scenarios to succeed. Universal Design for Learning increases access opportunities for every student. With the increasing amount of disabled students inside current schools, Universal Design for Learning should be a change that every school seeks to find.
In 1975, the Individuals with Disabilities Act also known as IDEA, mandates that children and youth ranging from ages three to twenty one with disabilities are provided a free and appropriate education. About 5.2% of the total school aged population has been documented to have a disability. Students with disabilities should be allowed access to different materials or tools that could help them succeed in their learning. Inclusive classrooms should be practiced in every school so that all students’ needs are accommodated and met. Physical and mental issues of the students should be recognized and helped with the schools best ability.
Through Universal Design for Learning, every student could and will have equal opportunities when attending school each day. UDL is an approach in education to learning, teaching, and assessment that draws on new brain research and new technology through the media, that responds to individual learning differences. It is not a one size fits all approach with learning but rather it is flexible. It creates instructional goals, methods, materials, and assessments that work best for each student. It brings a huge variety of skills, needs, and interests to learning. The challenges of Universal Design for ...
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... environmental, behavioral, and presentation strategies along with evaluation methods could change a students outlook on school for the better. Without a UDL based approach students will be at a disadvantage and less cared for in a classroom environment.
In the current world today with the increasing population, the increasing amount of diverse communities, and the increasing amount of technology, disabled students are at an all time high for being able to attend school and be successful. If there are opportunities for disabled students to learn it should be put into full affect. Just like general education students, disabled students are allowed in schools to set themselves up for success. If certain schools are willing to have a UDL approach with inclusive classrooms, I believe that all schools should. It is important to make sure that no child is left behind.
The child with a learning disability is entitled under IDEA to receive the same quality of education and other services which are entitled to students without disabilities. The law states that the facilities for both kinds of students must be comparable and the necessary training materials and the appropriate equipment to impart the education must be provided to the student (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), n.d.).
In chapter four the focus switches away from assistive technology supporting students in one content area and focuses on the teaching profession and how assistive technology can assist teachers to employ a universal design for learning. The Universal Design for Learning (UDL) promote learning that best for the student and promoting students a variety of methods to express their knowledge.
Flores, M. M. (2008). Universal design in elementary and middle school: Designing classrooms and instructional practices to ensure access to learning for all students. Childhood Education, 84(4), 224–229.
Hall, T., Strangman, N., & Meyer, A. (2003). Differentiated instruction and implications for UDL implementation. National Center on Accessing the General Curriculum. Retrieved March 22, 2012, from www.k8accesscenter.org/training_resources/udl/diffinstruction.asp
The Individuals with Disabilities Act, 2004 (IDEA), has 14 different categories of disabilities (IDEA Partnership, 2012). Students with disabilities can be placed into two more distinct groups which are high incidence disabilities or HID and low incidence disabilities or LID. IDEA defines low incidence disabilities as those students with visual, hearing or significant cognitive impairment (Outcome Data, 2006). These students need personal that are highly trained in specialized skill and knowledge to provide early interventions and education. Those with LID account for less than one percent of the school population (Outcome Data, 2006). Students that fall into this category are usually educated outside of the general education classroom for part of the school day.
Instruction. These two strategies are approaches that address classroom diversity in general education settings, and inclusion classroom settings. The idea of UDL is that instructional lessons, strategies, and assessments are planned with supports, which are more likely to be well-suited for students with special needs. The supports minimize the need for adaptations at a later time. Properly designed classrooms require fewer adaptations for students with special needs, is an ass...
Prior to 1975, educational options for a child living with a mental or physical disability were limited. The family of the handicapped child was most likely forced down an path that lead to the institutionalization of the child and distancing the child from the benefits of receiving a free and public education. It was after federal legislation passed the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (42 U.S.C. § 1983) that monumental changes began to develop that allowed a better understanding of the needs and capabilities of people with various handicapping conditions. Soon after this legislation, Public Law 94-142, also known as the Education for all Handicapped Children’s Act of 1975 (EHA) would further increase the public awareness by providing a free appropriate public education (FAPE) for children suffering from disabilities. Following the EHA legislation reformations concerning the education of disabled individuals would soon become numerous and legislative acts were passed enabling accommodations for disabled individuals in the fields of vocations and technology. In 1990, President Gerald Ford signed legislation replacing P.L. 94-142 with the Individual with Disabilities Education Act of 1990 (IDEA, 20 USC 1400). By definition, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is a law ensuring services to children with disabilities throughout the nation (US Department of Education, 2011).
Public Law 94-142: The Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975, now called Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), requires states to provide free, appropriate public education (FAPE) for every child regardless of disability. This federal law was the first to clearly define the rights of disabled children to receive special education services if their disability affects their educational performance. A parent of a special education student also has basic rights under IDEA including the right to have their child evaluated by the school district and to be included when the school district meets about the child or makes decisions about his or her education. If a child is identified as in need of special education services, the school district must devise a written individual education program (IEP) for the child, which includes related services. An IEP is a statement of a student’s special education and related services including speech services, psychological services, physical and occupational therapy, counseling and assistive technology and transportation. In addition, this legally binding, individualized plan outlines reasonable educational goals for the student and is reviewed and updated yearly.
Some students may not be able reach their full potential if left in a full inclusion setting. This would be an injustice for this student 's education. Full inclusion is not a “one size fits all” and LRE should guide schools to make the determination if a student with disabilities would benefit best from full inclusion or self-contained classroom. While it is possible for all students with disabilities to benefit from social interaction with non-disabled students, it is not possible for all students with disabilities to be in a full inclusion general
The Universal Design for Learning (UDL) is a concept that is used at the point of teachers planning. This idea stems from the field of architecture and attempts to design products and environments so that they are usable by all people, in this case students, to the greatest extent possible without the need for adaption or specialised design. (Ashman & Elkins, 2008) The universal design for learning aims to promote access, participation and progress in regular education for all students and therefore has been suggested as a response that meets the needs of students.
In the video, teacher Jean Chalupsky of Thurgood Marshall Middle School in San Diego, California uses the writing strategy of having students write personal anecdotes to find out what the things they write about are saying about them. The underlying point is to relate the lesson to something of interest to the students in an effort to engage the students. I think this is a really good idea because when students feel a personal connection to the lesson, they seem to be more involved in the learning process. The teacher yields much better results in participation and work quality. A while back when we read about Universal Design for Learning, one factor that was really emphasized was that teachers should encourage students with lessons that are
According to Edyburn, “the origin of the term Universal Design for Learning (UDL) is generally attributed to David Rose, Anne Meyer, and colleagues at the Center for Applied Special Technology (CAST)” (2005, p 16). This may be in accordance with the Individual with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) as a support to assist in the delivery of accommodations in the classroom. According to the Edyburn, the concerns of the CAST were that students with disabilities had physical access to general education classroom, but how were they going to have access to the curriculum in the general education setting (2005). This whole approach to improving daily living and learning has really exposed people with a better opportunity to become a more productive learner, in turn, carrying it through into a more productive
It focuses on understanding the learner and their needs and not just on a problem to fix. When working on a new course the designer has a defined roadmap of where to start and how to go through the process until the end. This is useful for instructional designers because there are no questions about what to do next. Since technology is built into the design, this is a strong format for designing an online course. The learner will have opportunities to participate and use active learning throughout the class as well.
National Center on Universal Design for Learning. (2012b). Learner Variability and Universal Design for Learning [Online seminar presentation]. Retrieved from http://udlseries.udlcenter.org/presentations/learner_variability.html?plist=explore
To begin with, full inclusion in the education system for people with disabilities should be the first of many steps that are needed to correct the social injustices that people with disabilities currently face. Students with disabilities are far too frequently isolated and separated in the education system (Johnson). They are often provided a diluted, inferior education and denied meaningful opportunities to learn. There are many education rights for children with disabilities to p...