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Essay on history of terrorism
Essay on the history of terrorism
History of domestic terrorism america
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Terrorism is an ongoing phenomenon that has been occurring for centuries (Alvarez & Bachman, 2014). It involves several different types of behaviors that are committed for many different reasons. Those forms include assassinations, bombings, theft, hijackings, kidnappings, and a host of other violent acts. The type of terrorism that will be discussed is right-wing terrorism. Right-wing terrorism is one type of the many that is related Substates terrorism, which is perpetrated by nongovernmental groups. Right-wing terrorism is described as the acts of conservative organizations who seek to return society to some mythic or past time, or acts of conservative organizations that seek to preserve a political system (Alvarez & Bachman, 2014).
The FBI defines terrorism as “the unlawful use of force or violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof in furtherance of political or social objectives (fbi.gov).” By this definition, terrorism can be classified as internal or international based on the overall intent of the attack. Terrorism has been around since the beginning of time, but it’s only since 2011 that the world has come to fully understand the meaning of terrorism. The following paragraphs will highlight four different types of terrorist attacks that all took place within the United States spanning over a 40 year time period.
The topic of my paper is types of terrorism. There are several types of terrorism for which to choose for my paper, state, dissident, religious, left-wing v. right-wing, and international. In this paper I have chosen state terrorism, religious terrorism, and international terrorism as the types of terrorism that I am going to discuss. I will discuss what they are in my own words and give examples of two different groups for each type that represent that type of terrorism. Then I will compare and contrast the three types of terrorism that I chose.
In Module one, I learned that terrorism is a result of physical harm or deadly acts of force with the intent of a political outcome by the use of terror for coercion. There are various types of terrorism such as international terrorism and domestic terrorism. International terrorism occurs outside of the United States with a purpose to influence the policy of a government by intimidation. International and Domestic terrorism both involve violent acts dangerous to human life that violate federal and state laws. Domestic terrorism occurs within the United States with the intention of coercion or intimidation by way of mass destruction, etc. Some forms of terrorism include Improvised explosive devices (IED), kidnappings, suicide bombings and
My understanding of extremism is that it’s a term used to describe the actions or ideologies of individuals or groups outside the perceived political center of a society; or otherwise claimed to violate common moral standards. In democratic societies, individuals or groups which advocate that democracy should be replaced with some kind of authoritarian regime are usually branded extremists.
As David Canter stated in his book, The Faces of Terrorism: Multidisciplinary Perspectives, “Terrorism is multifaceted and, as a consequence, no one explanation, theory or discipline will ever fully account for all terrorist activities. However, the psychological and social psychological processes that lead any given person to commit a terrorist act tend to have been under-represented in the terrorist literature. This is doubtless in part due to the difficulty of conducting studies that engage directly with those individuals who carry out terrorist acts.” (Canter 1) Basically, Canter discusses how terrorism, as discussed before, is not a one-sided act.
The concept of terrorism is exceedingly difficult to define. Author Gerald Seymour first said in his book Harry’s Game that, “One man’s terrorist is another man’s freedom fighter”. Each individual may view terrorism in a different light. Because of this, there is currently no universal definition of terrorism. However, in recent years, it has become increasingly more important to form a definition of terrorism, especially while working in the media.
The operations carried out by the terrorist in the book After the First Death by Robert Cormier share some common characteristics to the Chechen terrorist’s Beslan School Siege. While there are many commonalities between the two attacks, there is also a few differences. To highlight these similarities and differences it is best to focus on three main areas that are common within any terrorist organization. Those three main areas are, motivation, methods, and target selection, it is through these areas where highlighting the similarities and differences can be explained.
International and Domestic Terrorism Author Institution International and Domestic Terrorism Reasons for the Existence of Domestic Terrorists Terrorism in the US results from the many conflicts, issues, and populations co-existing within the country. Although the expression of terrorism varies greatly, domestic terrorism is summarized as a “violent claim over what or who is authentically American” (Zalman, 2017). Such distrust has been expressed in various ways by different organizations. Thus, the existence of domestic extremists can be attributed to the presence of homegrown Islamic, single issue, right-wing, and left-wing groups in the US (Council on Foreign Relations [CFR], 2011).
Proponents of the new terrorism thesis argue that terrorism has undergone a radical change of character, as it is more loosely organized than “traditional” terrorism;
The word terrorism was first used during the French Revolution from the reign of terror inflicted by the French from 1784-1804 ("International Affairs"). It was used to describe the violent acts perpetrated on the French that inflicted terror on the various peoples and instilled fear within them. However, at the time it had a more positive connotation than the term that instills fear today. During the French Revolution this was because it referred to state-sponsored terrorism in order to show the need of state instead of anarchy, sometimes promoted by other groups (Hoffman 2). Therefore, even though terrorism has taken a new nature, terrorism can refer to official governments or guerrilla groups operating outside national governments ("International Affairs"). In order to encompass terrorism’s various sectors and explain it to the public, in both positive and negative aspects, many analysts have tried to put it into a few words. Terrorism is a method used by tightly of loosely organized groups operation within states or international territories that are systematic in using deliberate acts of violence or threats in order to instill...
Terrorism has many forms, and many definitions. “Elements from the American definitional model define terrorism as a premeditated and unlawful act in which groups or agents of some principal engage in a threatened or actual use o...
Terrorism is one of the most extensively discussed issues of our time and at the same time it is also one of the least understood. The term itself “terrorism” means many different things to different people, cultures, and races. As a result, trying to define or classify terrorism with one universal definition is nearly impossible. The definition of terrorism used in this research is a reflection of much of the Western and American way of defining it. The definition of terrorism is,
The continuing successful and attempted terrorist attacks in the USA and the endless wars and conflicts in which we are involved are caused by the very same reasons experienced in the expansion of Europe during the 15th and 16th centuries. The economic, political, and cultural conditions present in each of these periods in history, although hundreds of years apart, are still very much alike. The same desires for money, relations between different countries, and differing religious views are what caused this tragedy and similar conflicts during the expansion of Europe. By examining these causes in the present as well as in the past, Americans might have a better understanding of the current situation and come up with some ways to prevent such a tragedy in future.
In this world there are many different topics of controversy. With every controversial topic comes different views and arguments explaining why people believe what they do. There are problems that can be just within one country or throughout the entire world. Terrorism affects everyone in the world, specifically us as Americans, which is why it is one of the biggest controversial topics. Of course with a topic as big as terrorism, there are emic and etic perspectives involved. With past history, there are specific countries and religions that we think of when we hear the word terrorism, specifically Afghanistan, located in the Middle East and the Muslim religion in that general area. Being part of the American
“Terrorism refers to political violence that targets civilians deliberately and indiscriminately “. In this definition there is a notion that the terrorist are attacking innocent people for reasons which society do not deem correct for their actions. In the past terrorism was mainly separated into three categories, insurrectionary, nationalist and issue terrorism. The first two are types of terrorism aimed to overthrow of a state or a rule, whereas the third one is done to promote a single cause. Michael Ignatief, a Liberal Canadian politician and an author, added a forth category that is Global terrorism. Global terrorism “is aimed at inflicting damage and humiliation on a global power or at transforming global civilizational relations.”