Tendering Process, Requirements Elicitation And Gamification

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Chapter Two

A Review of Theory
2.1 Chapter Overview
This chapter critically analyses past research and serves as an overall understanding of the current research on Tendering process, Requirements Elicitation and Gamification. It covers review of tendering, e-tendering and existing e-tendering systems, as well as an insight in requirements elicitation process, capturing and analysis of requirements, a wide variety of techniques and approaches, methodology based requirements elicitation and types of available tool support for this process. The review of the Gamification industry is directed to gain insights into the power of motivation and engagement acquired from gamification principles.

2.2 Tendering process
2.2.1 The construction process in general
According to Nordstrand, the construction process starts with the statement of a desire and ends with usage of the finished product, and in between there are a consistent number of different phases, see Figure 2.1.
Once the need has been determined, the actual design starts concordantly with the procurement. The design phase aims to generate technical specifications and drawing needed, whereas procurement refers to the purchase of the work (Nordstrand, 2008).
Figure 2.1: The construction process in general. Adapted from (Nordstrand, 2008)
2.2.3 Traditional Tendering
Tendering is a process commonly used in awarding contracts. The basic components in the process are performed in sequential order as shown in Figure 2.2. The components are: pre-qualification and registration, public invitation to tender, tender preparation and submission, close or open of tender, tender evaluation, award of tender, and archivin...

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...ngths and areas on the screen image.
2.2.5.4 iSpec CAPEX iSpec manages the entire tendering process including:
• ::Tender Preparation
:: Tender Publication
:: Q & A and vendor submissions
:: Tender Evaluation
:: Negotiation and Awarding
:: Contract Management
:: Delivery Tracking
:: Performance Tracking

To conclude, many electronic tendering systems have already been developed and are currently in use, supporting the tender/bid process in the construction industry. Functionalities provided by the systems examined vary from system to system and include:
• Electronic search of ongoing or assigned tenders
• Tender document download
• Search for partners in the system database
• E-mail exchange between primes, subcontractors and suppliers
• Automatic search of new tenders based on defined user profile and user notification
• Electronic creation and submission of bids.

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