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Mayan and Aztec comparison
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If one were to follow the Street, they would come a cross the “Citadel.” the Citadel was known to house the Temple of the Feathered Serpent. This area assumed the title of the city’s ceremonial center. The rich lived in enormous “palaces" surrounding this center. This is unique as the rest of the commoners lived clumped together in apartment complexes spread out in other areas of the city. Deities such as the Storm God and the Feathered Serpent hold symbolic meaning in their placement at the entrance of many living compound. For instance, at the Main Temple, we not only see these sculptures, but a reoccurrence of the patio. The temple had an entrance located on the west side which acted as its only access point. This is similar to the …show more content…
Given the craft specialization and large output of goods, we can infer that they were a strong trade influence in Mesoamerica at the time. Unfortunately not many shops or evidence for markets have been excavated to provide evidence of an economy of markets like we see today. (Feinman and Garraty 2010) Evidence found at other urban centers such as in Ur, suggest other commercial economies with shops opening up to the streets and a livable space in the back. These shops as well as scales and other tools discovered make the suggestion that a city of such large scale like Teotihuacan would also have this type of economy. This commercial economy at Teotihuacan would have had a heavy influence on other civilizations in the surrounding …show more content…
This Mayan development suggests yet again a cultural relationship. Artistic pieces as well as some of the structures built at the site show influence from the city of Teotihuacan, even sharing a common source in terms of the building materials used and the ceramic works made. (Laporte, 2003) On the other hand, the architecture at Kaminalijuyu does not completely match that found at Teo. It has been argued that Teotihuacanos could have invaded the city at one point or another, but this theory is debunked when the timing is examined. We see a gradual incorporation of Teo style in the pyramids at Kaminaljuyu and some of the other structures. This, paired with the later influence on the city’s artistic works, suggests that the two cities had a prolonged relationship, rather than Kaminalijuyu being conquered and integrated all at once. The great pyramids found at Teotihuacan consisted of staircases and tableros, or stepped platforms. The later structures built at Kaminalijuyu (Mound A and B), incorporate talud-tableros of their own which were adopted from Teo. (Laporte, 2003) Ceramics discovered within tombs found underneath these two mounds at Kaminalijuyu can be related to the same exact style found at Teotihuacan. A type of obsidian very commonly used at Teo, known as “Pachuca,” as a result of being mined from an area known as
The settlements in the complex show a multimodal distribution which means that there is an extensive use of shaped and faced stone walling. Out of the three sites there are, only one has produced stone walling and that is Lago de Handel. Obsidian flows were identified in the Amontillado region and their products ca...
Teotihuacan was a huge metropolis in what is now southern Mexico. It became a large city before 100CE and reached the height of its size from about 600-650CE. At its height it was home to roughly 125,000 inhabitants. There is a permanent springs nearby the ancient city, and satellite photos have indicated the presence of a possible irrigation system with canals used to water farm sites. Although the age of the irrigation canals has yet to be established it seems to be highly probable that this canal system was created concurrently with the development of the city. This conclusion is also supported by a lack of rural population, which would have been necessary to provide food for such a large population if there wasn’t agriculture within the city. Because the food was not brought in from a great distance, the travel expenditure to get the food to the population would have been low. This allowed there to be a dense population concentration within the urban area. The expense of moving goods in the new world seems to have been a factor that limited the size of cities.
Examples of some form of ceramics are prevalent in each of the Americas’ cultures. In Mesoamerica, West Mexico and Colima are both well known for the ceramic figures found
Both the Aztec and Incan civilizations used trade, tribute, redistribution of goods, and agriculture to balance out their economy. However, the Aztecs had a more mixed organization, the use of more than one functions, used trade markets, and had a merchant class, unlike the opposing Incan economy. The Aztecs were more engaged with trade than the Incans, shown with the trade markets at Tlatelolco. Tlatelolco was a trade market controlled by the merchant class, or Pochteca and the development of currency was put in place using beans and or gold dust. On the other hand, the Incans did not have trade markets due to their trade being more informal, along with no merchant class or currency. To help specifically long distance trade, advanced road systems were put in place as way stations. Both civilizations used tribute and was an important aspect to the economic organization, but the Aztecs collected goods and the Incans collected labor, mita. ...
Yet as we journey from the dark to the light in Aeschylus, we cannot leave the dark behind – the darkness breeds the light.
Before the end of the 20th century archeologist began making progress in translation of the ancient writing. Discoverers believed to have solved the mystery of the Maya when archeologists J.Eric Thompson, after conducting many excavations, concluded the people of Tikal were peaceful and free from conflict. After his analysis of the hieroglyphs believe declared the Maya people were spiritual and used Tikal as ceremonial site. As studies of the Maya people continued translation of the hieroglyphs went undispu...
...ketplaces for people to do their daily shopping. Small cities set up market places every 5 days while big cities could set up market places everyday. Some merchants set up markets everyday seeking profits. While others were farmers that went to sell some of their goods. The city Tenochtitlan was visited by thousands of people daily to buy goods. The currency for the Aztecs was pretty much beans. If someone wanted to buy something they had to give up a portion of beans. That is how it worked in the Aztec Empire. The Aztecs traded with one another as well so everything stayed within the empire. All the trading with each other helped their economy flourish which meant a strong empire.
The greatness of the society may never be fully comprehended due to a lack of historical evidence, but the small amount of historical documents that remain paint an impressive picture of the Toltecs. Their use of beautiful architecture, great artwork, and the unique configuration of their city leaves many wishing that more was known about the culture of the ancient civilization. Perhaps the Toltec legacy can be found in how highly both the Mayan and Aztec civilizations praised them. Their influence can be found in the grandeur of both the Mayan and the Aztecan societies as both have attributed the advancement of their religion, art, writing, medicine, and metallurgy to the obscure Toltecan civilization. Only time will tell if more will be discovered about the mysterious civilization that is the
The wooden lintels, writing, and the unique calendar reveal clues about life in a society that thrived for over 1000 years. Many massive building are visible today, those built to pay tribute to kings and to please the deities. The M...
The Maya didn’t discover metallurgy until late in the Classic period and used it only to produce jewelry and decorations for the elite. Artists and their numerous assistants cut and filled the stones used for palaces, pyramids, and housing, aided only by levers and stone tools. Each wave of construction represented the mobilization of thousands of laborers.
Architecture, like many things, can also be made for the use of or inspired by the symbols people believe in. Therefore, art and architecture in Ancient Mesoamerica can be stated to be made for the use of religious symbols. Making architecture and art forms takes effort, dedication, and patience. Architecture can take years to make, as was s...
The Olmecs are the earliest known Mesoamerican civilization. Around 1200 B.C. the Olmecs originated as a primitive people living and farming on the shores of Mexico (Stanton 91). Soon, however, they began to build cities such as San Lorenzo, La Venta, and Monte Alban. These “cities” were religious centers where people gathered to worship, and were not populated (Stanton 91). The first of these centers, San Lorenzo, was built c. 1150 B.C., on a flat topped, man-made mountain. It was mysteriously abandoned 200 years later (Stanton 92-93). La Venta, built between 1000 and 600 B.C., sat on an island in a swamp (Stanton 93). Later, around 500 B.C., Monte Alban, which was used as a religious center even after the Olmecs faded, was built on an immense mountain (Stanton 93). The cities were made up of temples and plazas, and decorated by monumental stone heads, which weighed up to 50 tons (Stanton 93)! These heads probably represented their early kings and had distinct helmets (Kingfisher 32). It is incredible how the Olmec people transported the stone from the distant mountains to La Venta, near the shore, without the aid of work animals or carts. It appears that the Olmecs did this grueling work for their gods willingly, as there is no evidence of forced labor (Stanton 93). The Olmecs probably worshipped the jaguar, as it appears so often in their artwork. There are also many e...
Carlsen, Robert. The War for the Heart & Soul of a Highland Maya Town. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1997.
BYU Studies 38.4 (1999): 43-64. Print. The. Sharer, Robert. A. The Ancient Maya.
The Maya culture has a long history that started in about 1000 BC. The history of the Maya is divided up into four different time periods: The Middle Preclassic Period, Late Preclassic Period, Classic Period, and Postclassic Period. The Middle Preclassic Period was when the small areas started to become city-like in the way that they started to build larger temples. The Late Preclassic Period was when the cities began to expand with paved roads and massive pyramids. The Classic Period was the time the Maya civilization hit it’s peak. Populations were growing rapidly and the structure of politics was formed. The Postclassic Period was when warfare was on the rise and cities were being abandoned(Coe 2005). This paper will focus on the Classic Period due to the fact that that is the greatest time period in Maya history.